• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate changes in cognitive functions, depression and life-satisfaction for elderly participants with mild cognitive impairments participating in an individual cognitive improvement program. Methods: A quasi-experimental with non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was implemented. The participants were senior citizens over 65 years of age who had been clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairments in G City and J Province (experimental group: 29, control group: 27). The experimental group participated in the individual cognitive improvement program based on Korean traditional tales and games for nine weeks. Results: After the intervention, only the participants in the experimental group reported significant improvement in K-MMSE (t=-2.5, p=.016), MoCA-K (t=-2.6, p=.008), depression (t=3.51, p=.001), and life satisfaction (t=-2.75, p=.008) when compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: These results indicated that the individual cognitive improvement program was effective in improving cognitive functions, depression, and life-satisfaction among the elderly with mild cognitive impairments. Therefore, the application of this individual cognitive improvement program developed in this study by visiting nurses may strengthen the cognitive functions of seniors with mild cognitive impairments.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2023

Objectives: We developed an integrated cognitive function improvement program comprising cognitive, emotional, and physical domains, and remotely applied it to middle-aged adults to investigate its effects on oral health, cognitive function, and mental health improvement. Methods: The experimental group underwent the program remotely, using the Zoom platform. A total of 24 participants were recruited and divided into 12 experimental and 12 control groups. The program comprised cognitive, emotional, and physical activities. The sessions lasted 90 min and were performed twice a week for 6 weeks from April to May 2022. Results: Cognitive function, arousal, physical, and mental stress were significantly improved in the experimental group after the intervention than at the baseline (p<0.05). Regarding oral health, tongue plaque decreased 1.34-fold (p<0.01) and saliva increased 1.04-fold (p<0.05) in the experimental group after the intervention than at the baseline. Moreover, the experimental group showed significant improvements in tongue plaque and saliva than the control group (p<0.05 for tongue plaque and p<0.01 for saliva). Regarding mental health, social support significantly increased 11.67-fold (p<0.05) in the experimental group than at the baseline. The experimental group also showed significantly improved social support than the control group (p<0.01). Conclusions: The non-face-to-face integrated cognitive function improvement program for middle-aged adults improved their cognitive function and oral and mental health. Based on these findings, this program may be a useful health program tool for middle-aged individuals.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.81-95
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of a group cognitive improvement program on cognitive function, depression and self-esteem in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: This was an experimental study that employed a pre-post design of a non-equivalence control group. The subjects were 52 elderly people with mild cognitive impairment, 25 of whom were assigned to the experimental group and 27 to the control group. The program was conducted for a total of 12 sessions for 60 minutes each. Data were analyzed using the ${\chi}2-test$, Fisher's exact test, and Independent t-test with the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: After the intervention, the group who participated showed improvement in all areas of cognitive function based on MMSE-KC (F=26.37, p.<0.001), the Rey Complex Figure Test: copy (F=20.66, p.<0.001), Immediate memory of Seoul Verbal Learning Test-Elderly's version (F=29.68, p.<0.001), delayed memory (F=45.79 p.<0.001), memory recall (F=28.97, p.<0.001), Forward of Digit Span Test (F=9.25, p=.004), backward (F=8.33, p.=0.006), language comprehension (F=13.42, p.<0.001), and digit symbol coding (F=17.74, p.<0.001) relative to the control group. Moreover depression (F=24.09, p.<0.001) was decreased in program participants, whereas self-esteem (F=40.24, p.<0.001) was increased. Conclusion: The program could be a useful intervention because the results show that the group cognitive improvement program has a significant effect on cognitive function, depression and self-esteem in elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2016

Purpose : The study was aimed to evaluate the improvement of cognitive and hand functions after the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia who were living a regional community from. Methods : Subjects who were living in a regional sanatorium or who were outpatients of a community health center were enrolled from 2012. 2 to 2013.2 All subjects were enforced 8 cycles of a complex rehabilitation intervention program including RON dance, physical activity using therabands, reality awareness training, space retrieval training and handicraft activities. Results : There were significant improvement in LOTCA-G cognitive function and JTHFT hand function test after the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program. Conclusion : The result shows a significant improvement in cognitive and hand functions after the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program in patients with MCI and dementia. Therefore the authors suggest the vast studies of the cognitive function program development and hand function vitalization by the application of a complex rehabilitation intervention program.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of a cognitive improvement program on cognition, activities of daily living (ADL), depression, life satisfaction, and grasping power in small groups. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were 127 elders who were never diagnosed with dementia and could read (experimental: 61, control: 66). The program was consisted of 8 sessions to improve vocabulary and writing skills and fine motor skills. Each session was applied once a week for 8 weeks. A group was consisted of less than five members. Results: Cognition (t=3.82, p<.001), depression (t=-2.24, p=.027), life satisfaction (t=2.25, p=.027), and grasping power (Rt: t=2.44, p=.016, Lt: t=2.63, p=.010) except ADL (t=-0.49, p=.622) were significantly increased in the experimental group after the cognitive improvement program compared to the control group. Conclusion: This study indicates that the cognitive improvement program was effective to improve cognition, depression, life satisfaction and grasping power. Further study is needed in order to identify continuous effects of this cognitive improvement program.

• 한국노년학
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.801-824
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• 2019

현 고령화 사회로 치매에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 하지만 치매예방에 대한 국가 차원의 프로그램이 미흡한 실정이다. 치매 예방 프로그램과 보급을 위해, 인지 기능 향상 프로그램을 실시하고 인지 기능 변별력, 구성력, 사고력, 기억력, 집중력으로 나누어 평가하여, 이러한 프로그램이 노인의 인지 기능에 구체적으로 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 실버인지 건강 프로그램을 편성하고, 실험 군과 대조군을 모집해 3개월 동안 프로그램을 실시하고 실험 군과 대조군을 대상으로 MMSE-DS, 노인 우울척도, 인지영역테스트 실시하여 설문조사 방법을 통해 전후를 비교, 분석한다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 프로그램 진행 전과 후의 인지 기능, MMSE-DS, 노인 우울척도를 비교한 결과 인지건강프로그램이 인지기능, MMSE-DS 및 노인우울척도 개선에 유의한 효과가 있었다. 2. 인지 기능을 5개 영역으로 나누어 테스트한 결과 기억력, 사고력, 집중력, 변별력, 구성력 순으로 향상되었다. 3. 인지건강 프로그램 실시 후 기억력과 사고력이 가장 많은 변화를 보였는데 뇌의 노화가 기억력과 사고력 부분에 많이 일어나므로, 이에 대한 집중적인 교육이 더 좋은 효과를 가져 올 수 있다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of 3 day Forests healing programs for cognitive improvement, which consists of helpful contents of Korean medicine. Methods : This study examined the effects of forests healing for mild cognitive impairment patients, who visited a Korean medicine hospital neuropsychiatry clinic for outpatients. The Forests healing programs for cognitive improvement was run with 24 participants, in which 9 of them quit in the middle of the program, so excluded in data analysis. The Forests healing programs for cognitive improvement was consisted of 3 day helpful Korean medicine contents. The primary outcome measurement was a Computerized Neurocognitive Test (CNT), which measured the cognitive functions with computer programs. Results : The results of this study showed that CNT scores were not significantly changed after 3 day forests healing. General psychological states, including depression, anxiety, and anger, were also checked. Among them, depressive mood significantly improved. Quality of life (QOL) was also enhanced after 3 day program. These results indicate that the 3 day Forests healing programs for cognitive improvement was effective for depressive mood and QOL of mild cognitive impairment patients, but not enough for cognitive functions directly. Conclusions : The 3 day Forests healing programs for cognitive improvement were shown to be an effective intervention in improving some aspects of mild cognitive impairment patients, including depressive mood, and QOL. We suggest that repeated participation of this program can enhance cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment patients.

• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1600-1606
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• 2022

Objective: This study was to compares and analyzes programs applied to improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early dementia in the community to find out their effectiveness. Methods: In this study, 12 papers were finalized by searching for "elderly", "cognitive", "community", and "program" using the database of the Research Information System (RISS), National Assembly Library, and Korean Studies Information (KISS). Results: Programs for cognitive function were in the order of cognitive stimulation program, arts and crafts, and exercise program. In the program, rather than applying the cognitive stimulation program alone, the program was operated by combining leisure or exercise, music, art, and handicraft. The time was shown to be 30 minutes. The most frequently used evaluation tool was MMSE, followed by GDS and BBS. By cognitive domain, cognitive stimulation program and memory, satisfaction in psychology, and balance ability in exercise were evaluated the most. In the cognitive area, various cognitive stimulation areas were included, and in the exercise area, basic exercise, muscle strength exercise, joint exercise, and balance exercise were applied. Conclusion: Therefore, developing a program to improve cognitive function for mild cognitive impairment, it will be possible to prepare guidelines to establish and development.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2002

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to develop a cognitive rehabilitation program and to investigate the effect of the program that restores the deficiency of memory, which is necessary to operate on high cognitive function such as problem-solving or judgement, for TBI(traumatic brain injury) patients. Methods:Sixteen TBI patients participated in this study. The inclusion criteria were : 1) aged 18 to 60 ; 2) higher than IQ 80 ; 3) lower than MMSE-K 25 and K-MAS(Korean version of Memory Assessment Scale) 85. We administered our program to an experimental group(N=8) in order to improve attention and memory for 4 weeks(total 12 section). Our program was not administrated to a control group(N=8) for 4 weeks. After administrating this program, we measured MMSE-K and K-MAS for the experimental and control groups. Results:The findings of the study were as follows. 1) the experimental group showed significant improvement on MMSE-K score in comparison with baseline, but the control group did not. 2) the experimental group showed significant improvement on K-MAS score in comparison with baseline, but the control group did not. In particular, among the three subscales of K-MAS, only verbal memory scale revealed significant improvement, while visual and short-term memory scales revealed no differences. Conclusion:Our cognitive rehabilitation program improves cognitive state and memory, particulary verbal memory, for TBI patients. These results imply that our program aids in rehabilitation of basic cognition such as memory which is necessary to operate on high cognitive function such as problem-solving or judgement, for TBI(traumatic brain injury) patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a cognitive training program on neurocognitive task performance and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients who had a stroke. Methods: The research design for this study was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Patients were assigned to the experimental (n=21) or control group (n=21). The experimental group received a 4-week cognitive training program and usual care (i.e., rehabilitation service), while the control was received usual care only. Cognitive function was measured with a standardized neurocognitive test battery and ADL was assessed at baseline and one and two months after completion of the intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine changes in cognitive function and ADL over 2 months. Results: The interaction of group and time was significant indicating that the experimental group showed improvement in attention, visuospatial function, verbal memory, and executive function compared to the control group which had a sustained or gradual decrease in test performance. A significant group by time interaction in instrumental ADL was also found between the experimental group with gradual improvement and the control group showing no noticeable change. Conclusion: Findings show that the cognitive training program developed in this study is beneficial in restoring cognitive function and improving ADL in patients following a stroke. Further study is needed to investigate the long-term relationship between cognitive training participation and cognitive improvement and effective functioning in daily living.