Background: Recently, competency-based education has been reorganized in the dental hygiene curriculum. In education, non-cognitive factors are emphasized. Grit, the non-cognitive ability to persevere to achieve an individual's long-term goals, is emerging. This study aims to identify the degree of grit and core competencies in students and to investigate the relationship between them and the factors that affect these core competencies. Methods: This study was conducted using 350 dental hygiene students who were randomly assigned a structured questionnaire to complete. The final analysis included 321 students. The survey contents evaluated grit, core competencies, and general characteristics. The difference in the degree of grit and core competencies in conjunction with the general characteristics of the subjects was analyzed using the t-test/Mann Whitney U-test and the ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis H test. Multiple regression analysis was then conducted to determine the factors affecting the core competencies of the subjects. Results: The difference of 'grit' according to general characteristics was statistically significant in 'major satisfaction', 'relationship', 'perceived academic achievement', 'grade point average (GPA)'. The difference in 'core competency' according to general characteristics was statistically significant in 'grade', 'department selection', 'major satisfaction', 'relationship', 'perceived academic achievement', 'GPA'. Among the sub-areas of 'grit', 'perseverance of effort' showed a high correlation with 'core competency' and was statistically significant. As a result of regression analysis, 'major satisfaction', 'perceived academic achievement' and 'grit' of dental hygiene students had a statistically significant influence on 'core competency'. Meanwhile, 'GPA' was not seen to be statistically significant in 'core competency'. Conclusion: Grit, a non-cognitive factor, had a statistically significant effect on core competency, while the effects on GPA, a cognitive factor, were not statistically significant. Among the sub-factors of grit, 'perseverance of effort' had a statistically significant effect on 'problem-solving competency' and 'academic competency', which are 'core competency' sub factors.
The purpose of this study was to test the effects of music therapy on cognitive function and depression in demented old adults. This study was made with one -group in a pre- and post-test design. The subjects were seven demented old adults over, sixty-five years and with mild to moderate cognitive impairment, residing at a nursing home. Music therapy was given by one researcher and one research assistant for thirty to forty minutes twice a week for 4 months. Music therapy was conducted with the subjects both listening and singing with a cassette player and a double-handed drum. In order to evaluate the effects of music, we measured the level of cognitive function and depression at the beginning and at the end of the music therapy session by means of an MMSE- K developed by Kwon and Park and the Depression Inventory developed by Chon. The Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired t - test analysis using a SPSS PC package. The results are as follows: 1) The subjects of the music therapy showed improvement in cognitive function. The MMSE-K score was significantly increased after music therapy. Especially, memory recall was very significantly. 2) The subjects of the music therapy showed a slight decrease in depression. However, there was no significant difference in the degree of depression between mean scores measured before and after music therapy. The results suggest that music therapy is effective in improving and maintaining cognitive function in demented old adults. And we suggest that long-term music therapy will be required to improve depression in demented old adults. These findings are encouraging the idea that music therapy may improve cognitive impairment.
Individuals often make their judgments on the basis of the ease or difficulty with which information comes to mind (for reviews, see Greifeneder, Bless, and Pham 2010; Schwarz 1998, 2004). Recent research, however, has documented that variables known to determine the degree of cognitive resources invested in information processing such as personal relevance (Grayson and Schwarz 1999; Rothman and Schwarz 1998), accuracy motivation (Aarts and Dijksterhuis 1999), and processing capacity (Menon and Raghubir 2003) can affect the extent to which individuals draw on metacognitive difficulty in making their judgments. The primary aim of this research is thus to investigate whether individuals with substantial cognitive resources or those with lack of cognitive resources are more likely to draw on metacognitive difficulty when making their product evaluations. The findings from two laboratory experiments indicate that individuals who perceive a greater level of fit between their self-regulatory orientation and temporal construal (Experiment 1), and between their self-construal and the type of product benefit appeal (Experiment 2) are more likely than those who perceive the lack of such fit to evaluate a target product less positively after thinking of many rather than a few positive reasons. The findings provide supporting evidence for the two-stage backward inference process involved with the effect of metacognitive difficulty on consumer judgments in that consumer judgments based on metacognitive difficulty may require greater cognitive resources than those based on the content of information generated. Also, the current research documents further empirical evidence for the relationship between self-regulatory orientation-construal level fit and cognitive resources such that perceived regulatory-construal level fit can increase consumer willingness to invest cognitive resources into their judgment tasks. Last, the findings can help marketers differentiate purchase situations where asking consumers to think of many positive benefits from purchase situations where asking consumers to think of a few key benefits is relatively more beneficial.
Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate correlation between degree of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and neurocognitive function along with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Korean patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods : Participants were 115 elderly subjects diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or mild cognitive impairment in this retrospective study. WMH in brain MRI were rated with standardized visual rating scales (Fazekas scales) and the subjects were divided into two groups according to Fazekas scale. Cognitive function was evaluated with Korean version of the consortium to establish a registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD-K), and BPSD was evaluated with Korean neuropsychiatric inventory (K-NPI). Independent t-test was performed to analyze the relationship between the degree of WMH and neurocognitive functions & BPSD. Results : Especially, the group with high severity of WMH showed significantly lower language fluency (p<0.05). In addition, the group with high severity of WMH showed significantly higher score in K-NPI. Conclusions : There was a significant association between WMH and neurocognitive test related with executive function. Moreover, WMH seems to affect BPSD severity. Evaluation of WMH would provide useful information in clinical settings.
The purpose of this study was to investigate relations between the congruence of parent-child beliefs and child's perceived competence. The subjects were 138 children (68 eight-year-olds and 70 eleven-year-olds) and their parents. Instruments were the modified Family Belief Interview Schedule (Alessandri & Wozniak, 1987), and Harter's Perceived Competence Scale. Data were analyzed by Pearson's product moment correlation and two-way ANOVA. There were significant differences in child's perceived cognitive competence, social competence and physical competence by degree of congruence between child's belief and maternal belief. Younger children showed a higher level of general self-worth perception while older children showed a lower level. Children who showed a high congruence of beliefs with parents perceived their competence more highly than those with low congruence. This tendency was particularly outstanding in the perception of cognitive competence, implying a positive impact of the congruence of parent-child beliefs on children's perceived cognitive competence.
Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
/
v.17
no.30
/
pp.25-34
/
1994
Mental workload has a improtant place in modern work environment such as human-computer interaction. Designing man-machine system requires knowledge and evaluation of the human cognitive process which controls information flow during our works. Many studies estimate reaction time as a index of menatal workload. This paper investigates what reflacts the workload of human information handling when the informations grow its degree. Experiment result introuce the memory time that explain the information-load more sensitive than react time. And react time shows learning effect but memory time does'nt show that effect So it can be concluded that cognitive learning or work schema needs more time to achieve dexterity than motor skill.
The purpose of this article is to depict the organizational effectiveness of "A" Subway Corporation based on the cognitive response of employees(subway drivers). To attain this purpose, several aspects of current personnel aid organization management system and organizational culture are surveyed through questionaire and analyzed by SPSS. The questionaire includes two parts of items. First, it includes items on personnel-related factors such as evaluation system job, wage, role, leadership and job satisfaction. Second, it includes items on organizational culture model suggested by Rousseau. The major findings are : 1) In general the cognitive response of driven concerning personnel-related aspects is to a certain degree negative. 2) The cognitive response of drivers concerning culture-related aspects is awfully negative. 3) Job satisfaction of drivers is highly related to role and leadership factors in terms of personnel-related aspects, on the one hard, and to achievement factor in terms of culture, on the other hand.
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
/
v.24
no.2
/
pp.408-415
/
2004
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the delayed resolution of cognitive conflict on middle school students' conceptual change in learning the concept of the action and reaction with cognitive conflict strategy. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to the time in which teacher tried to resolve cognitive conflict: instant resolution group, 2-day delay resolution group, and 7-day delay resolution group. Pretest, just before test, posttest, and delayed posttest were examined to measure the degree of conceptual change. Delay resolution groups' students answered the questionnaire asking what they had done to resolve cognitive conflict during the period which had been delayed resolution of cognitive conflict. The results of this study were as follows. First, instant resolution group showed significantly more scientific conceptual change than delay resolution groups. Secondly, most of delay resolution groups' students who tried to resolve cognitive conflict interacted with their peers. Also, delayed resolution of cognitive conflict was not helpful to resolve cognitive conflict. Thirdly, in delay resolution groups, we found the tendency that students who spent more than 30 minutes trying to resolve cognitive conflict altered their preconceptions into scientific concepts more easily than the others did. According to the results of this study, instant resolution of cognitive conflict is more effective on scientific conceptual change than delayed resolution of cognitive conflict.
Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
/
v.15
no.2
/
pp.65-73
/
2020
PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of coordinative locomotor training on the physical factors for falls in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. METHODS: This study examined thirty subjects diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment by the radiologic findings, history, and physical examination. The subjects were assigned to a control group (n = 15) or experimental group (n = 15, coordinative locomotor training). The experimental group underwent coordinative locomotor training for four weeks, with training sessions two times per week. The control group was given a fall-prevention education for 60 minutes without coordinative locomotor training. To evaluate the physical factors for falls, the lower extremity strength and the Korean version of the Fullerton advanced balance scale and biorescue were measured for balance. These tests were conducted before and after training. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between the two groups after the four weeks of coordinative locomotor training for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment the experimental group had a greater degree of improvement in the physical factors for falls. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that coordinative locomotor training may have a functional effect on fall-prevention and the mobility of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. In addition, it is expected to provide systematic and effective data that can be used as a fall prevention program for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in each institution.
The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
/
v.10
no.1
/
pp.1-9
/
2024
The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of academic stress, subjective happiness, and cognitive flexibility of nursing students, and to identify the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility between learning stress and subjective happiness. The subject of the study was 186 nursing students from a university in J City. The data collection period was from October 4 to October 23, 2023, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0. The results of the study showed a significant correlation between academic stress, cognitive flexibility, and subjective happiness among nursing students, and it was found that cognitive flexibility partially mediated the relationship between academic stress and subjective happiness. Therefore, in order to improve the subjective well-being of nursing students, it is necessary to develop and apply programs that can reduce academic stress and increase cognitive flexibility.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.