• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2013

Purpose. This study is to find the degree of variations and trends of hospital services utilization for hypertensive disease, and have done the comparative analysis of the factors affecting occurring some variations. For this, this study uses the data for patients-survey and health-survey of a regional society by Korea Institute for Heath and Social Affairs in 2008; The regional units are classified into 160 of medium size medical service areas. Methods. I understand the level of variation by using index of Extremal Quotient(EQ) and Coefficient Variation(CV), and analyze critical factors influencing some differences in hospital services utilization by using multi-regression model. Results. The main results are followed:The first, in case of rate of hospital services utilization according to standarization of sex and age by small area, I find the variations of EQ 5.3 and CV 0.3; In Ho-nam, especially, the variation of high rank of 10 of age shows higher distribution. The second, the results analyzing the factors influencing on hospital services utilization by multi regression model are that a number of bed hospitals is significant positive relationship and EQ-5D of health behavior is significant negative one. Conclusions. To increase equity of hospital services utilization for hypertensive disease, this study requests the appropriate supply management of bed hospitals by region, efficient allocation of resources, and revitalization of the health promotion program.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2016

More severe and frequent flood and drought have increased the attentions on the river management. In particular, baseflow is an important element among many streamflow characteristics because streamflow is mainly consisted of direct runoff and baseflow. In this regard, this study attempted to analyze the relationship between streamflow variability and baseflow contributions on Nakdong river basin. For this, two Streamflow Variability Indices (SVI) were used: Coefficient of Variation (CV) and Coefficient of Flow Regime (CFR). Furthermore, baselow separation was individually conducted by three methods (PART, WHAT and BFLOW), and based on this, Baseflow Index (BFI) was calculated. Also, we used the daily streamflow data retrieved from 27 gauge stations in Nakdong river basin for baseflow separation. The results showed that BFI calculated by three models ranges from 0.14 to 0.90 for 27 gauge stations. For SVI, BFI has much higher correlation with CV than with CFR. Also, the inversely proportional relationship between BFI and CV showed that higher baseflow contribution, less streamflow variability.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.609-626
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate whether variations in hospital services utilization across small geographic areas in Korea existed, and if so, what factors are responsible for the variation. The claims data of the fiscal year 1992 obtained from the regional health insurance societies were used for the study. Main findings of the research can be summarized as follows: 1 Extremal Quotients (EQ) of hospital expenditure per capita and hospital days per capita were 2.69 and 2.73, and Coefficient of Variation (CV) were 0.14, both, respectively. The EQ and the CV of admission rate were also 2.71, 0.15. The EQ and the CV of expenditure per admission were 1.73, 0.10 and those of hospital days per admission were 1.29, 0.06. All these statistics were statistically significant and this result provides strong evidence for the existence of small area variations. 2. Comparing patterns of variation among areas, the area which showed higher utilization amounts is Chansungp'o. Koje area, whereas the areas which showed lower utilization amounts are Yongju, Changhung, Miryang, Mokp'o, Koch'ang area. 3. Multivariate analytic methods were used to examine factors related to the variation across areas. In terms of the health resource availability variables, beds per capita or physicians per capita were positively associated with all utilization indices. As for the health service market structure variables, the proportion of health care institutions operating for less than f years was positively related to the expenditure per capita, hospital days per capita and expenditure per admission. In addition the proportion of the private health care institutions also had a negative relationship with total utilization amount and admission rate and the proportion of physicians under age 40 was negatively associated with expenditure per capita and expenditure per admission. With regard to the socio-demographic characteristics, proportion of medicaid population was positively related to hospital days per capita, and percentage of paved road was positively related to hospital days per admission. As a conclusion, wide variations existed across small areas in Korea and supply factors were found to be important in explaining the variation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2009

시판되고 있는 인삼재배용 미생물제제에 대하여 인삼묘 입고병억제효과를 유묘포트시험으로 검정하였다. Rhizoctonia solani에 대하여는 리조렉스 (tolclofos-methyl)와 바리문 (validamycin-A)을 비교하여 검정하고 Pythium에는 리도밀 (metalaxyl)을 비교하였다. 리조렉스와 비교한 시험에서만 처리간 평균보호율 (Pm)의 차이에 유의성이 있었다. 최고효과를 보이는 미생물제 C-ISR2 Rhizoctonia solani에 대한 두 개의 시험에서 순보호율 (net Pm-total Pm-control Pm)이 33%와 33.6%였다. 대조구의 Pm이 58.6%인 경우 총보호율이 91.6%로, 환경조건이 좋은 포장에서는 미생물제로만 보호가 가능함을 나타낸다. C-ISR2의 Pythium에 대한 순 Pm은 26.4%였다. 한 병원균에 대한 미생물제의 순보호율은 일정한 것으로 보였다. Pm과 CV간에는 세 번 다 부의 직선상관관계를 부였다. 이는 미생물제나 화학약제가 모두 보호체계가 같으며 미생물제제가 미세환경에 예민하여 변이가 커지는 것으로 보인다. 미생물제와 대조구의 Pm과 CV의 상관식에서 CV=0에서의 절편 값은 미생물제의 이론적 최대보호율이 된다. 기본 발병환경의 개선 (무처리구의 보호율증대)에 따라 기존 미생물제제로 화학농약을 대체할 수 있다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2013

세계 각국은 유전자원의 확보 및 고부가 산업화 자원으로 이용하기 위해 경쟁하고 있다. 현재 잠상 유전자원에 대한 가치와 활용도를 높이기 위해 형태적, 유전적 특성을 분석평가하여 데이터베이스를 구축 중에 있으며, 기능성 성분이나 효능에 대한 소비자들의 관심이 높아짐에 따라 기초정보 외에 이들의 항목에 대한 정보를 추가할 필요성이 제기되었다. 따라서 우리나라 620계통(품종)의 뽕나무 유전자원 중 재배환경 및 재배법이 동일한 363계통의 춘기 5개엽기 뽕잎을 채취한 후 동결건조 및 분말로 제조하여 뽕나무 유전자원의 계통별 1-DNJ 함량을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 뽕나무 유전자원 363계통의 1-DNJ 평균함량은 $0.176{\pm}0.077%$이었으며, 변이계수(CV)는 43.5%로서 계통간 변이가 매우 심한 것으로 나타났다. 이 중 'C1D89/29'은 0.47%로서 가장 높았으며, '품보24', '터키 E'은 각각 0.05%로 가장 낮은 함량을 나타냈다. 뽕나무 유전자원 중 누에사육용 16품종의 1-DNJ 함량을 비교하였다. 평균 함량은 $0.17{\pm}0.04%$이었으며, 변이계수(CV)는 22.8%로서 계통간 변이가 크지 않았다. 한편 뽕나무 유전자원 중 1-DNJ 고함유 계통을 선발하였다. 'C1D89/29', '희학', '적아십문자', '권칠', '보통십문자', '적축', '불국상', '근소옥고조', '부상금', '국상20호' 및 '태광' 11계통으로서 전체 평균 함량의 2배 이상 되는 계통들이다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2018

Background: Health is affected by various local factors. This study aims to investigate the age-standardized mortality variation of Seoul as well as the characteristics of the factors related to the mortality variation. Methods: The Korea Community Health Survey data, Seoul Survey data, Seoul statistics, and e-regional indicators of the National Statistical Office were used. To investigate the basic boroughs standardized mortality variation in Seoul, external quotient, coefficient of variation (CV), and systematic component of variation (SCV) values were suggested; correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to investigate the characteristics related to standardized mortality rate. Results: The highest and the lowest standardized mortality rate of Seoul by boroughs had as much as 1.4 times difference; a low level of variation was shown in CV by 8.2; and was shown in SCV by 79. As a result of the multiple regression analysis of the factors that affect standardized mortality variation, the higher the rate of householders with college or higher, the lower the standardized mortality rate, and the higher the high-risk drinking rate, the higher the standardized mortality rate. Of the two, the rate of householder with a degree equivalent or higher than college was shown to have the biggest impact, followed by high-risk drinking rate. Conclusion: We found a variation in age-standardized mortality rate of boroughs in Seoul. The results suggest that policy makers should take into account socioeconomic environmental characteristics of community in developing community-based health promotion rather than focusing on lifestyle changes of residents.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.821-840
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• 2009

This article addresses the problem of estimating a family of general population parameter ${\theta}_{({\alpha},{\beta})}$ using auxiliary information in the presence of measurement errors. The general results are then applied to estimate the coefficient of variation $C_Y$ of the study variable Y using the knowledge of the error variance ${\sigma}^2{_U}$ associated with the study variable Y, Based on large sample approximation, the optimal conditions are obtained and the situations are identified under which the proposed class of estimators would be better than conventional estimator. Application of the main result to bivariate normal population is illustrated.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Wind resource data of short-term period has to be corrected a long-term period by using MCP method that Is a statistical method to predict the long-term wind resource at target site data with a reference site data. Because the field measurement for wind assessment is limited to a short period by various constraints. In this study, 2 different MCP methods such as Linear regression and Matrix method were chosen to compare the predictive accuracy between the methods. Finally long-term wind speed, wind power density and capacity factor at the target site for 20 years were estimated for the variability of wind and wind energy. As a result, for 20 years annual average wind speed, Yellow sea off shore wind farm was estimated to have 4.29% for coefficient of variation, CV, and -9.57%~9.53% for range of variation, RV. It was predicted that the annual wind speed at Yellow sea offshore wind farm varied within ${\pm}10%$.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.420-425
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• 2018

Purpose: Chemical fertilizers contribute to agricultural productivity. Annually, 450,000 tons of chemical fertilizers are used in Korea, which is 268 kg per hectare (MAFRA, 2016). However, excessive use causes problems such as environmental pollution and soil acidification. This study proposes use conditions for a fertilizer distributor that can reduce excessive fertilization by analyzing distribution patterns. Methods: This study analyzed fertilizer application uniformity according to the number of blades on a centrifugal fertilizer distributor (three or four blades), orifice gate open ratio (50 or 100%), and blade rotation speed (400, 500, or 600 rpm). Results: When using four blades, the coefficient of variation (CV) was lower than when using three by 11-13% points, and the CV using the 50% open ratio was 10-30% points lower than using the 100% open ratio. The CV at 500 rpm blade rotating speed was 9-12% points lower than that for 400 and 600 rpm. Conclusions: The CV with four blades, 50% orifice gate open ratio, and 500 rpm of blade rotating speed was 18.4%, which provided the most uniform fertilization.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish an association between grip strength and gait variability in the elderly. Methods: The participants in this experiment (n = 20) were aged 65 or older. Power grip and lateral pinch forces were obtained in grip strength tests, and spatiotemporal gait parameters were collected from IMU sensors during 6 min actual walking to test the gait of participants. The collected gait parameters were converted to coefficient of variation (CV) values. To confirm the association between grip strength and gait variability, a partial correlation analysis was conducted in which height, weight, and gait speed were input as controlling variables. Results: Grip power showed a significant negative correlation with the stride length CV (r = -0.52), and the lateral pinch force showed a significant negative correlation with the stance CV (r = -0.65) and swing CV (r = -0.63). Conclusion: This study reveals that gait variability decreases as grip strength increases, although height, weight, and gait speed were controlled. Thus, grip strength testing, a simple aging evaluation method, can help identify unstable gait in older adults at risk of falling, and grip strength can be utilized as a non-invasive measurement method for frailty management and prevention.