• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제29권7호
• /
• pp.713-723
• /
• 2023

기후변화는 연안지역에 심각한 영향을 미치고 있으며 그 영향이 점점 증가할 것이라고 예상되는 바, 최근 기후변화 적응 및 리스크 평가에 있어 많은 연구들이 취약성과 함께 회복탄력성 개념을 이용하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기후변화 적응을 위한 연안재해 회복탄력성 측정 모형을 개발하는 것이다. 측정 모형 개발에 앞서 연안재해 회복탄력성에 대한 광범위한 문헌검토를 통해 취약성과 회복탄력성에 대한 조작적 정의와 함께 여러 피드백 메커니즘이 포함된 개념적 프레임워크를 작성하였다. 연안재해 회복탄력성 측정 모형은 네 가지 측정값(MRV, LRV, RTSPV, ND)과 연안재해 회복탄력성 복합 지수(CRI)를 포함하고 있으며, 개발된 지수는 국내 연안침식 사례에 적용되었다. 또한 지수 등급에 따른 지역적 분석이 수행되었다. 연구 결과, 네 가지 회복탄력성 측정값을 통해 각 지점이 가지는 연안침식 회복탄력성의 다양한 특성을 파악할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 연안 회복탄력성 복합 지수의 매핑 결과 서해안 및 남해안 지역에 비해 동해안 지역들은 연안침식 회복탄력성이 상대적으로 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 회복탄력성 측정 모형은 적응 이후의 이행전략에 대한 논의를 제공하는 도구로 활용될 수 있으며, 서로 다른 취약 지역 그룹 간 정책지원에 대한 우선순위를 결정하는 데 이용 가능하다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제17권10호
• /
• pp.1169-1182
• /
• 2008

The chemical and meteorological effects on the concentration variations of air pollutants ($O_3$ and its precursors) were evaluated based on ground observation data in coastal and inland regions, Busan during springs and summers of 2005-2006. For the purpose of this study, study areas were classified into 5 categories: coastal area (CA), industrial area (IA), downtown area (DA), residential area (RA), and suburban area (SA). Two sites of Dongsam (DS) and Yeonsan (YS) were selected for the comparison purpose between the coastal and inland regions. $O_3$ concentrations in CA and SA were observed to be highest during spring (e.g., 40 ppb), whereas those in DA and RA were relatively low during summer (e.g., $22\sim24$ ppb). It was found that $O_3$ concentrations in IA were not significantly high although high VOCs (especially toluene of about 40 ppb) and $NO_x$ ($\geq$ 35 ppb) were observed. On the other hand, the concentration levels of $O_3$ and $PM_{10}$ at the DS site were significantly higher than those at the YS site, but $NO_x$ was slightly lower than that at the YS site. This might be caused by the photochemical activity and meteorological conditions (e.g., sea-land breeze and atmospheric stagnance). When maximum $O_3$ (an index of photochemical activity) exceeds 100 ppb, the contribution of secondary $PM_{10}\;((PM_{10})_{SEC})$ to total observed $PM_{10}$ concentrations was estimated up to 32% and 17% at the DS and YS sites, respectively. In addition, the diurnal variations of $(PM_{10})_{SEC}$ at the DS site were similar to those of $O_3$ regardless of season, which suggests that they are mostly secondary $PM_{10}$ produced from photochemical reactions.

• 한국항해학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.43-55
• /
• 1988

The amount of cargoes and fishery production have increased continuously during the last decade due to the great growth of the Korean economy. These increasements have made our coastal traffic congested, and the future coastal traffic is also expected to increase considerably. The increased traffic can be a cause of large sea pollution as well a s greater sea casualties us as properties and human lives, which could result in a big national loss. In order to prevent the sea casualties and promote the safety of coastal traffic, the Vessel Traffic Management System (VTMS) along the Korean coastal waterway is inevitably introduced. But, the precise evaluation is necessary required prior to the implementation of VTMS because this system necessitates a huge amount of budgets. This paper aims to propose the model of evaluation process, but the evaluation as to the urgency of establishment is not only very complicated and fuzzy but also affected by the subjectivity of human. Therefore, fuzzy integral is adopted as the mathematical model of evaluation in which decision-maker can intervence by making decision considering the calculated membership-function. Four aspects, namely, the frequency of sea-casualities, the traffic volume, the frequency fuzzy day, and the complexity of waterway are selected as the item of evaluation, and the fuzzy measure are applied to the evaluation of 8 candidated regions such as the adjacent area to the port Inchen, Kunsan, Mokpo, Wando, Yosu, Pusan, Pohang, Donghae. As a result of evaluation, the priority as to the candidated regions is obtained, and the following prior execution regions, namely, the adjacent area to the port Pusan, Yosu, Mokpo & Wando are selected by considering the present situation, but, in the long run, the VTMS should be executed in the whole coast of the nation, through the cost-effectiveness analysis.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.411-426
• /
• 2010

남해 연안에 출현하는 동물플랑크톤 군집의 계절 변화와 주요 분류군의 변동 양상을 파악하기 위해 2005년 5월부터 2006월 2월까지 사계절 동안 실시하였다. 사계절 동안 출현한 동물플랑크톤은 전체 74개 분류군이 출현하였고, 평균 출현 개체수는 2,426~23,793 indiv./$m^3$ 범위였으며, 이 중 N. scintillans가 가장 우점하는 분류군이었다. 동물플랑크톤 주요 분류군은 N. scintillans, A. omorii, A. erythraea, P. parvus s. l, 십각류 유생, Aidanosagitta crassa, 따개비 유생으로 나타났다. 여름철의 동물플랑크톤의 종 다양성 지수는 내만 해역에서 주로 높게 나타났으며, 가을철에 외만에 위치하는 조사해역에서 낮게 나타났다. 이것은 남해 연안의 동물플랑크톤 출현 개체수 변동이 계절에 따른 수온, 염분과 엽록소-a 농도, N. scintillans의 대량 증식에 따라서 변동할 수 있으며, 또한 계절에 따른 대마난류의 세력확장에 따라서 조절될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.264-271
• /
• 2023

The edible jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum occurs in waters throughout northeastern Asia, including in Korea, China, and Japan. In Korean waters, R. esculentum has appeared in two regions (Gangwha and Muan). Based on the appearance of young medusae and coastal distribution records, these two regions may be key R. esculentum breeding sites. In the present study, we investigate and compare the genetic structure of R. esculentum in the two regions using mitochondrial sequences (16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I). The genetic diversity of the R. esculentum population at Ganghwa exceeded that of the population at Muan. Despite considerable geographic separation (400 km) between the two regions(Gangwha and Muan), our haplotype network suggests that the Gangwha and Muan populations of R. esculentum are related. The simple and monotonous genetic structure of the Muan population shows that R. esculentum emergence is relatively recent. In contrast, the Gangwha population shows evolution. Moreover, jellyfish of the Gangwha population are genetically diverse and remain constant despite environmental fluctuations in the Han River. The Gangwha area is considered to be the old origin of R. esculentum in Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제55권4호
• /
• pp.399-408
• /
• 2017

A survey was performed to know the recent infection status of digenetic trematode metacercariae in clams and oysters from 4 sites in western coastal regions of the Republic of Korea (=Korea). Four species of clams (Mactra veneriformis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Cyclina sinensis, and Saxidomus purpuratus) were collected from Taean-gun, Chungcheongnam-do (Province), Buan-gun (County) and Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, and oysters, Crassostrea gigas, from Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do were transferred to our laboratory on ice and examined by the artificial digestion method. The metacercariae of Himasthla alincia were detected in 3 species of clams, M. veneriformis, R. philippinarum, and C. sinensis from the 3 surveyed areas. The positive rate and the mean density per clam infected were 98.9% (30.8 metacercariae) in M. veneriformis, 60.0% (5.0) in R. philippinarum, and 96.0% (28.4) in C. sinensis. The positive rate (mean density) of Acanthoparyphium tyosenense metacercariae in M. veneriformis was 50.0% (2.1) from Taean-gun and 70.0% (2.8) from Gochang-gun. The metacercariae of Parvatrema spp. were detected in M. veneriformis and R. philippinarum from Taean-gun and Gochang-gun; the positive rate (mean density) was 63.3% (4,123) and 50.0% (19) in M. veneriformis, and 6.7% (126) and 100% (238) in R. philippinarum from the 2 regions, respectively. The metacercariae of Gymnophalloides seoi were detected in all 30 oysters from Shinan-gun, and their average density per oyster was 646. From the above results, it has been confirmed that more than 3 species of metacercariae are prevalent in clams from the western coastal regions, and G. seoi metacercariae are still prevalent in oysters from Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.461-474
• /
• 2006

우리나라의 여름과 겨울철의 이상기온 출현 분포 특성을 분석한 후 여름과 겨울철의 월별 이상기온 출현 빈도에 의하여 한반도 이상기온 지역을 5개로 구분하였다. 여름철 이상고온의 출현 빈도가 다른 이상기온 지역보다 2배 이상 높은 제 I지역(중부 동안), 겨울철 이상고온 출현은 낮고 이상저온 출현은 높은 제 II지역(경기 서안과 중부 내륙 북부), 다른 지역과 달리 여름과 겨울철 이상기온의 출현이 특정 계절에 집중되지 않는 제 III지역(중 남부의 서부), 여름철 이상고온의 출현 빈도가 가장 낮고 겨울철 이상고온의 출현도 비교적 적은 제 IV지역(산지와 남부 및 남해안 동부), 겨울철 이상고온 빈도가 가장 높은 제 V지역(소백산맥/노령산맥 이남과 남해안 서부 및 제주도)이다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제30권8호
• /
• pp.621-628
• /
• 2021

The characteristics of time changes in air temperature, DI (discomfort index) and WBGT (wet-bulb globe temperature) were investigated for inland city (daegu) and coastal city (pohang) of Gyeongbuk Province during the 2018 consecutive heat wave season. The time when the temperature dropped below 33℃ was around 19h in both regions. As such, the two regions were similar with respect to the time up to which the heatwave warning levels continued. However, the discomfort index (DI) was higher than 27 in Pohang. Most people feel unpleasant when an discomfort index of 27 or higher appears. The results indicated that Korea's night-time thermal environment during the summers is particularly poor in the southern coastal areas. WBGT began at 09:00 and lasted until 21:00, with a score of 31 or higher; this score, in principle, corresponded with the duration of outdoor activity in both regions. Therefore, it was found that outdoor work was at a level where all day long had to be stopped in both areas during the heat wave. Although time changes in temperature and WBGT were similar in both regions, Discomfort Index (DI) differed significantly. The difference refers to the fact that Pohang is strongly affected by the high heat capacity effect and the supply of water vapor from the sea.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.157-157
• /
• 2022

Recent decades have seen all over the world increasing drought in some regions and increasing flood in others. Climate change has been alarming in many regions resulting in degradation and diminution of available freshwater. The effect of global warming and overpopulation associated with increasing irrigated farming and valuable agricultural lands could be particularly disastrous for coastal areas like the one of Benin. The coastal region of Benin is under a heavy demographic pressure and was in the last decades the object of important urban developments. The present study aims to roughly study the general effect of climate change (Sea Level Rise: SLR) and groundwater pumping on Seawater intrusion (SWI) in Benin's coastal region. To reach the main goal of our study, the region aquifer system was built in numerical model using SEAWAT engine from Visual MODFLOW. The model is built and calibrated from 2016 to 2020 in SEAWAT, and using WinPEST the model parameters were optimized for a better performance. The optimized parameters are used for seawater intrusion intensity evaluation in the coastal region of Benin The simulation of the hydraulic head in the calibration period, showed groundwater head drawdown across the area with an average of 1.92m which is observed on the field by groundwater level depletion in hand dug wells mainly in the south of the study area. SWI area increased with a difference of 2.59km² between the start and end time of the modeling period. By considering SLR due to global warming, the model was stimulated to predict SWI area in 2050. IPCC scenario IS92a simulated SLR in the coastal region of Benin and the average rise is estimated at 20cm by 2050. Using the average rise, the model is run for SWI area estimation in 2050. SWI area in 2050 increased by an average of 10.34% (21.04 km²); this is expected to keep increasing as population grows and SLR.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제28권12호
• /
• pp.1171-1181
• /
• 2019

Plans to utilize the resources of the coast guard are underway for the revitalization of the area and the development of tourism resources in recent years. As most of the plans have been focused on some specific factors such as geographical or regional conditions, and therefore systematic approaches are needed in corporation with other related projects. This study suggested the measures on activating the coastal tourism resources for Woodoo~Woocheon village in Goheung-gun by using the coastal landscape elements. The current status of natural environment and tourism resources for coastal regions were investigated in Woodoo~Woocheon village and plans for enhancing connectivity with local residents were suggested. Based on the scenic values of coastal region, landscape were assessed from the perspective of the sustainable coastal tourism resources in the future. Several solutions were suggested to enhance tour values; coastal deck road to enhance connectivity between resources and accessibility of foreign tourists, social communication among local residents and authorities, continuous development of cultural and historic resources in local area. In addition, information signs and new stair ways would be needed to improve the accessibility of tourists. In the future, if the plan for this study was to generate profitability with persistence, it suggested that there was a way to move forward in conjunction with the profit rate local projects distributed around it.