• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.718-724
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• 1999

Densification and grain growth behavior of bimodal size distributed alumina powder mixtures were investigated as a function of amount of coarse alumina powder. The specimens which contained coarse alumina powder for 60to 80wt% showed the highest green density. The amount of shrinkage of sintered specimen lineraly decreased with the increase of coarse alumina powder up to the content that showed the highest green density and then further addition of coarse alumina powder led to drastic decrease of shrinkage of specimen. Especially crack-like void were concurrently revealed in the sintered body with addition of coarse alumina powder above 60wt% When the sintering temperature increased up to 1650$^{\circ}C$ the amount of shrinkage of specimen linearly decreased and the grain growth were also retarded with increase of coarse lauminia powder.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.7-21
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• 2013

Twelve-hour size-resolved atmospheric aerosols were measured to determine size distributions of water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC) during daytime and nighttime, and to investigate sources and formation pathways of WSOC in individual particle size classes. Mass, WSOC, ${NO_3}^-$, $K^+$, and $Cl^-$ at day and night showed mostly bimodal size distributions, peaking at the size range of $0.32-0.55{\mu}m$(condensation mode) and $3.1-6.2{\mu}m$(coarse mode), respectively, with a predominant condensation mode and a minor coarse mode. While ${NH_4}^+$ and ${SO_4}^{2-}$ showed unimodal size distributions which peaked between 0.32 and $0.55{\mu}m$. WSOC was enriched into nuclei mode particles(< $0.1{\mu}m$) based on the WSOC-to-mass and WSOC-to-water soluble species ratios. The sources and formation mechanisms of WSOC were inferred in reference to the size distribution characteristics of inorganic species(${SO_4}^{2-}$, ${NO_3}^-$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$, and $Cl^-$) and carbon monoxide. Nuclei mode WSOC was likely associated with primary combustion sources during daytime and nighttime. Among significant sources contributing to the condensation mode WSOC were homogeneous gas-phase oxidation of VOCs, primary combustion emissions, and fresh(or slightly aged) biomass burning aerosols. The droplet mode WSOC could be attributed to aqueous oxidation of VOCs in clouds, cloud-processed biomass burning aerosols, and small contributions from primary combustion sources. From the correlations between WSOC and soil-related particles, and between WSOC and sea-salt particles, it is suggested that the coarse mode WSOC during daytime is likely to condense on the soil-related particles($K^+$ and $Ca^{2+}$), while the WSOC in the coarse fraction during nighttime is likely associated with the sea-salt particles($Na^+$).

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the grain size, lithological type, and shape of coarse bed materials in the upper and middle reaches of Gongneungcheon River. For this purpose, 11 sampling points were selected along the river. For 100 samples of the coarse bed materials at each point, three axes (long, intermediate, and short) of samples were measured, and their lithological types were also identified. By measuring grain size, the sphericity and flatness of samples were calculated. Finally, every particle was classified into four shape categories: sphere, disc, blade and rod. We found that the grain size in incised meandering reach is the largest. This is mainly due to the supply of coarse materials from steep valley sides along the meandering channel. According to the lithological analysis, all samples were identified as granite, gneiss and schist, and quartz. The proportion of granite decreased, whereas the proportion of gneiss and schist increased downstream. These patterns indicate that the bedrock distribution within the study area accounts for the downstream lithological variation of coarse bed materials. With regard to the grain shape, sphericity gradually decreased while flatness gradually increased downstream. In the case of the shape classification, unlike the general downstream pattern of grain shape, the proportion of the sphere type decreased and the proportion of the blade type increased downstream. Such a reversal change in the downstream direction turns out to be determined by the lithology (such as foliation, bedding and the pattern of weathering) of coarse bed materials.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2013

조립재료의 요소시험에서 장비에 허용되는 조립재료의 입자크기가 실제 현장에서 사용되는 입자크기에 비해 작은 경우가 종종 발생하기 때문에, 이러한 경우에는 시험에 사용되는 재료의 최대입경을 시험장치의 가용 크기까지 축소시켜 시험을 수행하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 이처럼 최대입경 크기를 축소시켜 입도를 조정했을 때, 저변형률에서의 탄성계수에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 대형반복삼축압축시험을 수행하였다. 본 연구 대상재료의 시험 결과, 입도 조정된 시편들은 원입도 시편의 탄성계수를 과소평가하는 경향이 있었으며, 그 차이는 저변형률에서 더 크게 발생되었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2008

골계최대치수 및 골재의 품질상태 등이 숏크리트에 미치는 역학적 영향성을 실내실험과 현장실험을 통해 평가하였다. 실험결과 골계최대치수가 13mm에서 8mm로 작아질수록 유동 특성은 감소되었으나, 경화 콘크리트의 강도 및 동탄성계수는 크게 증가하였으며, 이러한 결과를 토대로 골재최대치수 8mm인 경우가 10, 13mm인 경우보다 유동성, 시공성 및 내구성이 더욱 우수할 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 숏크리트 품질개선과 재료분리 최소화를 위해 본 연구에서 개발하고자 하는 레디믹스트 숏크리트의 적정 골재최대치수는 공장생산방식을 통해 정제된 8mm 골계를 적용하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권2호통권130호
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• pp.40-55
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• 2005

This study was carried out to discuss the feasibility of wood and plastic wastes as the raw materials for wood particle-plastic composites. For this purpose, composites were manufactured from coarse and fine wood particles and polypropylene fibers by nonwoven web process. And the effect of wood particle size on the performance of the composites were analyzed according to ASTM D 1037-93. In the physical properties of composites, water absorption decreased with the increase of target density and polypropylene fiber content. And the composites with fine wood particles appeared to have slightly lower water absorption than those with coarse wood particles. Thickness swelling did not vary significantly with the increase of target density but increased with the increase of wood particle content. And the composites with fine wood particles were significantly lower in thickness swelling than those with coarse wood particles. In the mechanical properties of composites, dry and wet MOR showed the increasing tendency with the increase of polypropylene fiber content and target density. Dry and wet MOE showed the increasing tendency with the increase of target density but only wet MOE exhibited the increasing tendency with the increase of polypropylene fiber content. Composites with fine wood particles appeared to be generally higher in wet MOR and MOE than those with coarse wood particles. In conclusion, composites with fine wood particles showed generally higher performance than those with coarse ones. Also, composites were significantly superior to control particleboards in the performance, especially in water absorption and thickness swelling.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1999년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.179-180
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• 1999

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2011

순환굵은골재 콘크리트에서 혼합전의 순환굵은골재에 부착되어 있었던 모르타르의 성상변화를 조사하기 위한 방법으로, 시멘트풀 속에 순환굵은골재를 투입하여 경화시킨 다음 순환굵은골재에 부착된 모르타르의 비캇경도와 공극분포를 검토하였다. 이때 순환굵은골재는 모재콘크리트의 압축강도를 3수준(25.5MPa, 41.7MPa, 60.1MPa)으로 변화시켜 제조한 것을 파쇄시킨 다음 표면건조포화상태 및 절대건조상태에서 사용되었다. 실험결과 순환굵은골재에 부착된 모르타르의 비캇경도는 순환굵은골재의 모재콘크리트의 강도가 클수록 크며, 재령이 증가할수록 크게 되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 시멘트풀 속에서 부착모르타르의 공극분포는 $100nm{\sim}10{\mu}m$ 크기의 공극이 감소되며, 6nm~100nm 크기의 작은 공극이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 물속에서의 조립입자 침강속도에 대한 특성을 파악하기 위해 다양한 재료 및 입자크기에 대한 실험적 관찰을 수행하고 그 결과들을 재료별로 비교함과 더불어 기존에 발표된 입자침강속도 예측을 위한 경험식들과 상호비교하였다. 본 연구에서는 폴리아세탈, 유리 및 스틸의 세 가지 서로 다른 재료 및 크기로 구성된 구모양의 입자를 이용하였으며, 입자의 직경은 1mm에서 20mm까지 다양한 직경을 고려하였다. 실험결과, 조립입자의 침강속도는 아주 작은 크기(약 $50{\mu}m$ 이하)의 입자에만 적용된다고 알려진 Stokes 식과는 상당한 차이를 나타냈으며, 또한 입자의 크기에 관계없이 침강속도를 예측하는 다른 연구자들의 경험식들과도 입자의 크기 및 재료의 종류(밀도)에 따라 서로 상이한 결과를 나타냈다. 실험에서 관찰된 조립입자의 침강속도는 재료의 종류에 관계없이 입자의 크기가 상대적으로 작을 때는(약 3mm 이하) 기존의 입자 침강속도에 대한 경험식들과 유사하였으나 그 이상에서는 입자의 크기가 증가할수록 기존 경험식들과의 차이도 더 크게 발생하였다. 본 연구를 통해서 조립입자의 침강속도는 입자의 크기 및 재료밀도에 따라 상당한 차이가 발생할 수 있다는 것을 알았으며 기존 경험식들은 실제로 발생하는 조립입자의 침강속도를 잘 예측하지 못해 향후 조립입자의 침강속도를 예측하기 위해 기존 경험식들을 있는 그대로 적용하지는 말아야 하고 실험 등을 통해 검증 및 확인하는 과정이 반드시 필요하다는 것을 파악하였다. 본 연구결과는 향후 물속에서의 조립입자의 침강속도를 이해하는 데 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.249-261
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• 2020

This study details grain-size distributions (GSDs) of carbonate and biogenic opal fractions of the sediments retrieved from the South Korea Plateau in the East Sea and draws paleocanographic implications from them. The opal-fraction GSDs show fine modes of 10.3 ㎛ and coarse modes of 102.5 ㎛ on average. The fine-mode grains of opal fractions mainly consist of small diatoms and radiolarians including their broken frustules, while the coarse-mode grains are mostly comprised of large warm-water diatoms and radiolarians. Significant positive correlation between opal contents and abundances of the coarse-mode GSDs in the total GSDs suggests that the abundances of the coarse-mode GSDs were controlled by the increased surface productivity of warm-water diatoms during interglacial stages. The carbonate-fraction GSDs show fine modes of 2.4 ㎛ and coarse modes of 99.1 ㎛ on average. The fine-mode grains mainly consist of coccolithophores, while the coarse-mode grains are mostly comprised of intact or broken planktonic foraminifera. The abundances of coarse-mode and fine-mode GSDs were not correlated with carbonate contents, suggesting a complex control exerted by both the degree of carbonate dissolution and the productivity of coccolithophores on the carbonate-fraction GSDs.