Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14481/jkges.2015.16.10.33

Experimental Observation of the Settling Velocity of Coarse Particles and Comparative Analysis  

Son, Moorak (Department of Civil Engineering, Daegu University)
Jang, Byungsik (Department of Civil Engineering, Daegu University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society / v.16, no.10, 2015 , pp. 33-38 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study conducted experimental observations of the settling velocity of a coarse particle in water varying material type and particle size and compared the results with preexisting empirical equations. Three types of materials, which are polyacetal, glass and steel, were used in this study and the diameter of particle ranged from 1 mm to 20 mm. Experiment results showed that the settling velocity of coarse particle had a significant difference from Stokes equation which is known applicable for a fine particle smaller than $50{\mu}m$. In addition, the observed particle velocity showed a significant difference when compared with other empirical equations, which was proposed for estimating the settling velocity of a particle regardless of particle size, depending on the material type and particle size. The results from experimental observations indicated that the settling velocity of a coarse particle was relatively in smaller difference to other empirical equations for the particle size smaller than 3 mm, but as the size increased the difference in the settling velocity also increased. This study clearly showed that the settling velocity of a coarse particle velocity can be significantly different depending on particle size and density and the empirical equations may not reliably estimate the settling velocity of a coarse particle so that they should not be used as it is and a verification of them is necessarily before any use. The study results would provide a useful information for a better understanding of settling velocity of a particle in water.
Keywords
Coarse particle settling velocity; Particle size; Material type; Experimental observation; Empirical equation;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Ahrens, J. P. (2000), A fall velocity equation, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 126, pp. 99-102.   DOI
2 Cheng, N. S. (1997), Simplified settling velocity formula for sediment particle, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 123, pp. 149-152.   DOI
3 Dietrich, W. E. (1982), Settling velocity of natural particles, Water Resources Research, Vol. 18, pp. 1615-1626.   DOI
4 Ferguson, R. I. and Church, M. (2004), A simple universal equation for grain settling velocity, Jour. of Sedimentary Research, Vol. 74, No. 6, pp. 933-937.   DOI
5 Gibbs, R. J., Matthews, M. D. and Link, D. A. (1971), The relationship between sphere size and settling velocity, Jour. of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 7-18.
6 Goldstein, S. (1929), The steady flow of viscous fluid past a fixed spherical obstacle at small Reynolds numbers, Royal Soc. [London] Proc. Vol. 123A, pp. 225-235.
7 Hwang, B. H., Hong, S. W. and Hwang, G. N. (2008), Effect of salinity on settling velocities of cohesive sediments, Proceeding of Korea Water Resources Association, pp. 1813-1817.
8 Janke, N. C. (1965), Empirical formula for velocities and Reynolds numbers of single settling spheres, Jour. of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 35, pp. 745-750.
9 Kim, J. W. (2007), Experiment on settling velocity of suspended mineral particles, Jour. of Korea Water Resources Association, Vol. 40, No. 9, pp 723-734.   DOI
10 Kim, S. J., Lee, H. S. and Kim, S. W. (2009), Sedimentation characteristics of various spherical cohesive particles in laminar and turbulent flow, Jour. of Korea Society of Urban Environment, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 23-29.
11 Krumbein, W. C. and Pettijohn, F. (1938), Sedimentary Petrography, Appleton Century Croft, NY., pp. 549.
12 Ladenburg, R. (1907), Under den Einfluss von Wanden auf die Bewegung einer Kugel in einer reibenden Flussigheit: Annalen der Physik. s. 4, Vol. 23, pp. 447.
13 Oseen, C. W. (1910), Uber den Gultigkeitsbereich der Stokes' schen Widerstandformel, Ark. Mat., Astron. Fys., Vol. 6, pp. 12-28.
14 Rouse, H. (1936), Nomogram for the settling velocity of spheres, National Reserach Council on Sedimentation Publ., pp. 57-64.
15 Rubey, W. (1933), Settling velocities of gravel, sand and silt particles, Amer. Jour. Sci., Vol. 25, pp. 325-338.
16 Stokes, G. G. (1851), On the effect of the inernal friction on the motion of pendulums, Cambridge Philo. Trans., Vol. 9, Part 2, pp. 8-106.
17 Wu, W. and Wang, S. S. Y. (2006), Formulas for sediment porosity and settling velocity, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 132, No. 8, pp. 858-862.   DOI