• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.433-442
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• 2021

이 연구에서는 폴리머 결합재(불포화 폴리에스터 수지), 플라이 애시, 그리고 순환굵은골재(60%)와 부순굵은골재(40%)를 사용하여 폴리머 결합재 함량의 변화에 따른 무세골재 폴리머 콘크리트의 성질(9개항)에 대하여 연구하였다. 폴리머 결합재 함량(4.0-6.0wt.%)을 실험 변수로 한 이유는 비용측면에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지할 뿐만 아니라 각종 성능에 미치는 영향이 크기 때문이다. 연구결과 밀도, 압축강도, 휨강도, 동결융해 후 휨강도는 폴리머 결합재 함량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였고, 흡수율, 공극률, 연속공극률, 투수계수, 내산성(산에 의한 밀도 감소율)은 폴리머 결합재 함량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 특히 폴리머 결합재 함량 6wt.%에서는 공극률이 18.4%, 투수계수가 7.3mm/sec 임에도 압축강도는 38.0MPa, 휨강도는 10.0MPa로서 기존의 연구결과들에 비해 월등히 높고, 흡수율, 내산성 등 다른 성질들도 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 가교제의 첨가에 의해 높아진 결합재의 부착력과 폴리머 결합재가 가진 표면 소수성에 기인하는 것이라고 하겠다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2019

The use of recycled aggregate concrete for the purpose of environmental and resource conservation has gained increasing interest in construction engineering. Nevertheless, few studies have reported on the bonding performance of the bars in recycled aggregate concrete after exposed to high temperatures. In this paper, 72 pull-out specimens and 36 cubic specimens with different recycled coarse aggregate content (i.e., 0%, 50%,100%) were cast to evaluate the bond behavior between recycled aggregate concrete and steel bar after various temperatures ($20^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$, $400^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$). The results show that the recycled aggregate concrete pull-out specimens exhibited similar bond stress-slip curves at both ambient and high temperature. The bond strength declined gradually with the increase of the temperature. On the basis of a regression analysis of the experimental data, a revised bond strength mode and peak slip ratios relationship model were proposed to predict the post-heating bond-slip behavior between recycled aggregate concrete and steel bar.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2005

건설폐기물 발생량이 급증함에 따라, 폐콘크피트를 파쇄가공한 순환골재를 구조체 콘크리트용으로 사용할 필요성이 증대하고 있다. 그러나 순환골재에는 콘크리트의 물리적 특성에 악영향을 미치는 각종 이물질이 포함되어 있어, 사전에 이물질 함유량을 적절히 판단하기 위한 시험방법이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 순환잔골재와 순환굵은골재에 포함되어 있는 각종 이물질 함유량을 육안관찰에 의하여 선별하기 위한 시험방법을 개발하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 현행 KS F 2576(재생골재의 이물질 함유량 시험방법)은 시험대상 순환골재의 종류, 용어의 정의, 시료량, 시험방법 등의 전반적인 개정이 필요하다. 2. 순환골재에 포함된 이물질은 시료의 입경이 1.2mm 이상이면 육안선별이 가능하며, 입경이 클수록 측정 소요시간이 크게 단축된다. 3. 육안선별 방법에 의한 이물질 함유량 시험을 위하여 순환잔골재는 입경 2.5~5mm의 시료 30g, 순환굵은골재는 입경 5mm 이상의 시료 1kg을 대상으로 하면 시험의 용이성 및 정밀도 확보가 가능하다.

• 지질공학
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2019

Bio-grouting based on microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is recently emerging as a novel and environmentally friendly technique for improvement of coarse-grained ground. To date, the mechanical behaviour of bio-grouted coarse-grained soil with different calcite contents and grain sizes still remains poorly understood. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of calcite content on the mechanical properties of bio-grouted coarse-grained soil with different grain sizes. This is achieved through an integrated study of uniaxial loading experiments of bio-grouted coarse-grained soil, 3D digitization of the grains in conjunction with discrete element modelling (DEM). In the DEM model, aggregates were represented by clump logic based on the 3D morphology digitization of the typical coarse-grained aggregates while the CaCO₃ was represented by small-sized bonded particle model. The computed stress-strain relations and failure patterns of the bio-grouted coarse-grained soil were validated against the measured results. Both experimental and numerical investigation suggest that aggregate sizes and calcite content significantly influence the mechanical behaviour of bio-cemented aggregates. The strength of the bio-grouted coarse-grained soil increases linearly with calcite content, but decreases non-linearly with the increasing particle size for all calcite contents. The experimental-based DEM approach developed in this study also offers an optional avenue for the exploring of micro-mechanisms contributing to the mechanical response of bio-grouted coarse-grained soils.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.559-566
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• 2010

굳지 않은 경량골재 콘크리트의 다양한 특성에 대한 경량굵은골재 최대크기와 천연모래 치환율의 영향을 평가하기 위해 15배합의 경량골재 콘크리트가 배합되었다. 또한 굳지 않은 경량골재 콘크리트의 유동특성에 영향을 줄 수 있는 경량골재의 내부구조와 공극의 분포 및 시간에 따른 흡수 특성 등이 측정되었다. 실험 결과 경량골재 콘크리트의 초기 슬럼프는 천연 모래 치환율이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 전경량 콘크리트의 슬럼프는 배합 후 30~60분 사이에 초기 슬럼프의 80%가 감소하였다. 경량골재 콘크리트의 공기량과 블리딩 량은 경량굵은골재 최대크기와 천연 모래 치환율에 중요한 영향을 받았다. 경험식인 ACI 211과 콘크리트표준시방서는 경량골재 콘크리트의 공기량을 과소평가 하였으며, 천연 모래 치환율의 감소할수록 그 과소평가 정도는 증가하였다. 이 연구에 의해 제안된 경량골재 콘크리트의 공기량과 블리딩율에 대한 예측모델은 실험 결과와 잘 일치하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.545-559
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• 2023

In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted to assess the influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fume (SF) on the fresh and hardened properties of grout specimens and preplaced aggregate concrete (PAC). Grout proportions were optimized statistically using a factorial design and were applied to 10 mm and 20 mm coarse aggregates to produce PAC. The results demonstrate that GGBS has a more significant effect on the compressive strength of grout compared to SF, with a small increase or decrease in the GGBS content having a greater influence on the compressive strength of grout than SF. The water to binder ratio had the most significant effect on the compressive strength of PAC, followed by the coarse aggregate size and sand to binder ratio. An empirical relationship to predict the compressive strength of PAC was proposed through an experimentally derived factorial design along with a statistical analysis of collectively obtained data and a deep literature review. The results predicted by the empirical relationship were in good agreement with those of PAC produced for verification.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.215-225
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• 2022

Thermal comfort and energy conservation are critical issues in the building sector. Energy consumption in the building sector should be reduced whilst enhancing the thermal comfort of occupants. Concrete is the most widely used construction material in buildings. Its thermal conductivity (k-value) has a direct effect on thermal comfort perception. This study aims to find the optimum value of replacing the normal aggregate with lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) under high strengths and low thermal conductivity, density and water absorption. The k-value of the LECA concrete and its physical and mechanical properties have varying correlations. Results indicate that the oven-dry density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and k-value of concrete decrease when normal coarse aggregates are replaced with LECA. However, water absorption (initial and final) increases. Thermal conductivity and the physical and mechanical properties have a strong correlation. The statistical optimisation of the experimental data shows that the 39% replacement of normal coarse aggregate by LECA is the optimum value for maximising the compressive and splitting tensile strengths whilst maintaining the k-value, density and water absorption at a minimum.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study determined the optimal usage rate of RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement) using cold central-plant recycling (CCPR) on a road-surface layer. In addition, a mixture-aggregate gradation design and a curing method based on the proposed rate for the surface-layer mix design were proposed. METHODS : First, current research trends were investigated by analyzing the optimum moisture content, mix design, and quality standards for surface layers in Korea and abroad. To analyze the aggregate characteristics of the RAP, its aggregate-size characteristics were analyzed through the combustion asphalt content test and the aggregate sieve analysis test. Moreover, aggregate-segregation experiments were performed to examine the possibility of RAP aggregate segregation from field compaction and vehicle traffic. After confirming the RAP quality standards, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, aggregate-gradation design and quality tests were conducted for mixtures with 40% and 50% RAP usage. The optimum moisture content of the surface-layer mixture containing RAP was tested, as was the evapotranspiration effect on the surface-layer mixture of the optimum moisture content. RESULTS : After analyzing the RAP recycled aggregate size and extraction aggregate size, 13-8mm aggregate was found to be mostly 8mm aggregate after combustion. After using surface-chipping and mixing methods to examine the possibility of RAP aggregate segregation, it was found that the mixing method contributed very little for 3.32%, and because the surface-chipping method applied compaction energy directly as the maximum assumption the separation ratio was 15.46%. However, the composite aggregate gradation did not change. Using a 40% RAP aggregate rate on the surface-layer mixture for cold central-plant recycling satisfied the Abroad quality standard. The optimum moisture content of the surface-layer mixture was found to be 7.9% using the modified Marshall compaction test. It was found that the mixture was over 90% cured after curing at $60^{\circ}C$ for two days. CONCLUSIONS : To use the cold central-plant recycling mixture on a road-surface layer, a mixture-aggregate gradation design was proposed as the RAP recycled aggregate size without considering aggregate segregation, and the RAP optimal usage rate was 40%. In addition, the modified Marshall compaction test was used to determine the optimum moisture content as a mix-design parameter, and the curing method was adapted using the method recommended by Asphalt Recycling & Reclaiming Association (ARRA).

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.505-513
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• 2020

Grading of aggregate influences significantly almost all of the concrete performances. The purpose of this paper is to propose practicable equations that express the optimized total aggregate gradation, by weight or by number of particles in a concrete mix. The principle is based on the fractal feature of the grading of combined aggregate in a solid skeleton of concrete. Therefore, equations are derived based on the so-called fractal dimension of the grain size distribution of aggregates. Obtained model was then applied in such a way a correlation between some properties of the dry concrete mix and the fractal dimension of the aggregate gradation has been built. This demonstrates that the parameter fractal dimension is an efficacious tool to establish a unified model to study the solid phase of concrete in order to design aggregate gradation to meet certain requirements or even to predict some characteristics of the dry concrete mixture.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.255-266
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• 2022

콘크리트의 주재료인 골재 중 굵은 골재의 품질관리는 현재 샘플링을 통한 통계적 공정관리(SPC) 방법으로 하고 있다. 본 논문은 굵은 골재에 대한 품질관리를 현재의 체거름 방식을 대신 카메라를 통해 획득한 영상을 기반으로 굵은 골재를 검사하게 바꾸어 제조 혁신을 위한 스마트팩토리를 구축하였다. 먼저, 얻은 영상을 전처리 하였고, 딥러닝으로 학습된 HED(Holistically-nested Edge Detection)필터는 각각의 물체를 Segmentation하였다. 이 Segmentation한 결과를 영상 처리하여 각각의 골재를 분석 후 이 결과를 바탕으로 조립률, 입형률을 파악한다. 영상을 통해 얻은 골재들의 조립률, 입형률을 계산하여 골재의 품질을 검사하였고 알고리즘의 정확도는 실제로 체 가름 방식을 통해 골재의 품질을 비교한 것과 90% 이상의 정확도를 보이는 결과가 나왔다. 또한 기존의 방법으로는 골재의 입형률을 검사할 수 없었지만 본문의 내용을 통해 골재의 입형률도 측정할 수 있게 되었다. 입형률의 경우 도형을 사용하여 검증하였는데 이는 ±4.5%의 차이를 보였다. 골재의 길이 측정의 경우 실제 골재의 길이를 비교하였는데 ±6%의 차이를 보였다. 실제 3차원의 데이터를 2차원의 영상에서 분석하다보니 실제 데이터와 차이가 생겼는데 이는 추후 연구가 필요하다.