• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.93-99
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• 2017

Recently IoT(Internet of Things) service industry has grown very rapidly. In this paper, we investigated the changes in IoT service industry as well as new direction of human life in future global society. Under these changing market conditions, competition has been also changed into global and ecological competition. But compared to the platform initiatives and ecological strategies of global companies, Korean companies' vision of building ecosystems is still unclear. In addition, there is a need of internetworking between mobile and IoT services. IoT security Protocol has weakness of leaking out information from Gateway which connected wire and wireless communication. As such, we investigate the structure of IoT and AI service ecosystem in order to gain strategic implications and insights for the security industry in this paper.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.08a
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• pp.361-368
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• 2021

Daily life such as society, economy, and culture is fundamentally changing due to COVID-19, and digital transformation based on information technology (IT) such as artificial intelligence, data, and cloud is accelerating. In this study, we focused on the metaverse, which is based on the interaction between the virtual world and the real world, and explored the possibility of using the metaverse-based platform for education. The metaverse-based platform was approached from the perspective of the online education ecosystem, which means that not only online teaching and learning activities but also holistic educational activities such as learning, communication, and empathy are performed within the metaverse. In this metaverse platform, learners can feel the presence of learning, and learning motivation and immersion can be promoted. In addition, it is possible to experience self-directed learning based on the autonomy of spatial movement. Although there are technical and ethical limitations to applying the metaverse platform, it would be preferable to focus more on the interaction between learners in the metaverse world rather than high expectations.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.2_1
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• pp.295-300
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• 2018

Net radiation is the total amount of radiation energy used as a heat flux for the Earth's energy cycle, and net radiation from the surface is an important factor in areas such as hydrology, climate, meteorological studies and agriculture. It is very important to monitoring the net radiation through remote sensing to be able to understand the trend of heat island and urbanization phenomenon. However, net radiation estimation using only remote sensing data is generally causes difference in accuracy depending on cloud. Therefore, in this paper, we retrieved and monitored high resolution surface net radiation at 1 hour interval in Eunpyeong New Town where urbanization using Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS), Landsat-8 satellite and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model data reflecting the difference in building height. We compared the observed and estimated net radiation at the flux tower. As a result, estimated net radiation was similar trend to the observed net radiation as a whole and it had the accuracy of RMSE $54.29Wm^{-2}$ and Bias $27.42Wm^{-2}$. In addition, the calculated net radiation showed well the meteorological conditions such as precipitation, and showed the characteristics of net radiation for the vegetation and artificial area in the spatial distribution.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.175-186
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• 2019

Efforts have been made to introduce the climate smart agriculture (CSA) for adaptation to future climate conditions, which would require collection and management of site specific meteorological data. The objectives of this study were to identify requirements for construction of agricultural meteorology information service system (AMISS) using technologies that lead to the fourth industrial revolution, e.g., internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and cloud computing. The IoT sensors that require low cost and low operating current would be useful to organize wireless sensor network (WSN) for collection and analysis of weather measurement data, which would help assessment of productivity for an agricultural ecosystem. It would be recommended to extend the spatial extent of the WSN to a rural community, which would benefit a greater number of farms. It is preferred to create the big data for agricultural meteorology in order to produce and evaluate the site specific data in rural areas. The digital climate map can be improved using artificial intelligence such as deep neural networks. Furthermore, cloud computing and fog computing would help reduce costs and enhance the user experience of the AMISS. In addition, it would be advantageous to combine environmental data and farm management data, e.g., price data for the produce of interest. It would also be needed to develop a mobile application whose user interface could meet the needs of stakeholders. These fourth industrial revolution technologies would facilitate the development of the AMISS and wide application of the CSA.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.226-245
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• 2019

To understand the dynamics of radial growth of trees and micro-climate at a site of Korean fir (Abies koreana Wilson) forest on high-altitude area of Mt. Hallasan National Park, Jeju Island, Korea, high precision dendrometers were installed on the stems of Korean fir trees, and the sensors for measuring micro-climate of the forest at 10 minutes interval were also installed at the forest. Data from the sensors were sent to nodes, collected to a gateway wireless, and transmitted to a data server using mobile phone communication system. By analyzing the radial growth data for the trees during the growing season in 2016, we can estimate that the radial growth of Korean fir trees initiated in late April to early May and ceased in late August to early September, which indicates that period for the radial growth was about 4 months in 2016. It is interesting to observe that the daily ambient temperature and the daily soil temperature at the depth of 20 cm coincided with the values of about 10 ℃ when the radial growth of the trees initiated in 2016. When the radial growth ceased, the values of the ambient temperature went down below about 15 ℃ and 16 ℃, respectively. While the ambient temperature and the soil temperature are evaluated to be the good indicators for the initiation and the cessation of radial growth, it becomes clear that radii of tree stems showed diurnal growth patterns affected by diurnal change of ambient temperature. In addition, the wetting and drying of the surface of the tree stems affected by precipitation became the additional factors that affect the expansion and shrinkage of the tree stems at the forest site. While it is interesting to note that the interrelationships among the micro-climatic factors at the forest site were well explained through this study, it should be recognized that the precision monitoring made possible with the application of high resolution sensors in the measurement of the radial increment combined with the observation of 10 minutes interval with aids of information and communication technology in the ecosystem observation.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2007

COMS satellite is a multipurpose satellite in the geostationary orbit, which accommodates multiple payloads of the Ka band Satellite Communication Payload, Meteorological Imager, and Geostationary Ocean Color Imager into a single spacecraft platform. In this paper, Korea's first innovative geostationary Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) program is introduced which is fully funded by Korean Government. The satellite platform is based on the Astrium EUROSTAR 3000 communication satellite, but creatively combined with MARS Express satellite platform to accommodate three different payloads efficiently for COMS. The goals of the Ka band satellite communication mission are to in-orbit verify the performances of advanced communication technologies and to experiment wide-band multi-media communication service. The Meteorological Imager mission is to continuously extract meteorological products with high resolution and multi-spectral imager, to detect special weather such as storm, flood, yellow sand, and to extract data on long-term change of sea surface temperature and cloud. The Geostationary Ocean Color Imager mission aims at monitoring of marine environments around Korean peninsula, production of fishery information (Chlorophyll, etc.), and monitoring of long-term/short-term change of marine ecosystem. The system design difficulties are in the different kinds of payload mission requirements of communication and remote sensing purposes and how to combine them into one to meet the overall satellite requirements. In this paper, Ka band communication payload system is more highlighted.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.27-40
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• 2016

This paper aims to analyze the business types of 237 IoT based smart home companies in the world (launched during 1999~2014) which got global investment last few years. For this, the previous literatures trying to analze technology and service types of smart home are searched and the typology of the platform is discussed. Based on it, this research conceptualizes an analysis framework that includes three areas of smart home like home automation, home security, and energy efficiency with the three platform types like product, software, and service. This study concludes that the development of business type for IoT based smart home ecosystem is from the product to software and it can be a platform or not. In current status, there are a few platforms of product and software, but in the device management (16%) and thermostat (11%), companies are persuing more platform like. It is difficult to find the service platform in overall areas, for application based service has a few attractions in the investment market due to the lack of cloud infrastructure and data analytics. The following three are the implication to domestic market: 1) More active offering of API and SDK, 2) more active introduction of wireless Intenet network protocols, and 3) more active interoperability efforts and alliance activities are needed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.135-142
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• 2009

In order to predict frostfall, nocturnal cooling rate and air temperature changes were analyzed on days with and without frost when the maximum temperature was lower than $20^{\circ}C$. In general, the nocturnal cooling rates on frosty days were higher than those on non-frosty days. The cooling rates averaged from 19:00 to 24:00 on frosty and non-frosty days were $1.7^{\circ}Ch^{-1}$ and $0.7^{\circ}Ch^{-1}$ respectively. As expected, the nocturnal temperature on frosty days was lower than that on non-frosty days. Especially, the midnight air temperature averaged about $3.9{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$ on frosty days, which was lower than that on non-frosty days (i.e., $10.1{\pm}2.9^{\circ}C$). The discriminant analysis using three independent variables (i.e., total cloud amount, air temperature at 24:00, and 5-day rainfall amount) successfully classified the presence of frost with 87% accuracy.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.209-238
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• 2023

This study aims to propose the main learning contents, functions and activation plans for building an e-learning platform for libraries through a literature review, case analysis and expert survey. Through the literature review, it was found that libraries must play a role in providing high-quality online education for users in the e-learning ecosystem. Based on the previous studies, a learning function analysis tool was developed for the analysis of the library's e-learning platform. Based on this, the learning contents, learning functions and characteristics of library e-learning platforms were analyzed, and expert surveys and interviews were conducted. As a results, the construction of a platform for effectively applying learning processes and technology is essential for the library's sustainable e-learning services. The contents that should be provided for characteristics of library education, reading guidance, information literacy instruction, library usage instruction, and the latest IT technologies. And The main learning functions include the ability to conduct video lectures and real-time classes among learning types, and learning activity support functions, a cloud platform support function and a personalized environment support function. Additionally, suggested re-education for library staff to improve their technical skills and the formation of an e-learning team.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

Surface air temperature ($T_{air}$) is a key variable for the meteorology and climatology, and is a fundamental factor of the terrestrial ecosystem functions. Satellite remote sensing from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provides an opportunity to monitor the $T_{air}$. However, the several problems such as frequent cloud cover and mountainous region can result in substantial retrieval error and signal loss in MODIS $T_{air}$. In this study, satellite-based $T_{air}$ was estimated under both clear and cloudy sky conditions in Gangwon Province using Aqua MODIS07 temperature profile product (MYD07_L2) and GCOM-W1 Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) brightness temperature ($T_b$) at 37 GHz frequency, and was compared with the measurements from the Automated Mountain Meteorology Stations (AMOS). The application of ambient temperature lapse rate was performed to improve the retrieval accuracy in mountainous region, which showed the improvement of estimation accuracy approximately 4% of RMSE. A simple pixel-wise regression method combining synergetic information from MYD07_L2 $T_{air}$ and AMSR2 $T_b$ was applied to estimate surface $T_{air}$ for all sky conditions. The $T_{air}$ retrievals showed favorable agreement in comparison with AMOS data (r=0.80, RMSE=7.9K), though the underestimation was appeared in winter season. Substantial $T_{air}$ retrievals were estimated 61.4% (n=2,657) for cloudy sky conditions. The results presented in this study indicate that the satellite remote sensing can produce the surface $T_{air}$ at the complex mountainous region for all sky conditions.