• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.288-298
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• 2009

This article deals with the customers' complaint behaviors and complaint management for cosmetic customers. The general aim is to analyze the changes of complaint behavioral responses before and after the complaint management experiences, describing customers' response patterns in terms of how they are influenced by the service justice and satisfaction of complaint management. The most relevant contributions from the related theoretical work indicate that the better the customer complaints are managed, the higher the level of possibility for customers to complaint, especially for public and direct responses(complaint behaviors). The only exception, although the statistical significant support was not found, is the private response, as the chance gets lower than before experiencing the complaint management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family values and selected clothing behavior variables for a group of college women in Seoul, Korea. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. A significant positive relationship was found between family values and selected clothing behaviors. There were significant relationship between the materialistic family and one clothing behavior variable: Interest. There were significant relationship between the social climber family and six clothing behavior variables: Aesthetic, Modesty, Interest, Comfort, Attention and Dependence. There were significant relationship between the conventional family and seven clothing behavior variables: Aesthetic, Modesty, Interest, Comfort, Management, Social approval and Dependence. 2. There were differences in four clothing behavior variables according to their grades: The seniors placed significantly more importance on Aesthetic, Interest, Management, Dependence than freshmen. 3. There were differences in five clothing behavior variables a?cording to their major fields. Human social course placed significantly most important on Management. Natural science course placed significantly most important on Modesty. Art course placed significantly most important on three clothing behavior variables: Interest, Attention and Dependence.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.29-41
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of value systems and social self-concept on the appearance management behavior and clothing benefits according to gender. The data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from 453 male and female college students in Jecheon and analyzed by factor analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression, and t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Value systems and clothing benefits classified into four factors respectively. 2. There existed significant differences according to gender in value system factors, social self-concept, appearance management behaviors and clothing benefit factors. 3. There existed correlations between value system factors and social self-concept. For male students, four factors of value system were correlated with social self-concept. But only one factor(pursuit of peaceful and secure life) was correlated with social self-concept for female students. 4. In male and female students, appearance management behaviors and clothing benefits were influenced by various value system factors and social self-concept.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.329-335
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between the body cathexis, appearance management behaviors and satisfaction with apparel fit according to physical figure of college women who had deep interests in their body and appearance. Data for this study was obtained from 413 college women in Taegu and Kyungpook Province. Means, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe's post hoc comparison were used in data analysis. The result of this study were; 1. It was found that both body Cathexis and fit satisfaction of college women were generally low. College women were less satisfied with their body and fit of apparel. The unsatisfied body parts were thighs, abdomen and hip. 2. Significant differences in Satisfaction with apparel fit were found in skirt length, slacks length, thigh according to height and significant difference in satisfaction with apparel fit were found in armhole, abdomen, calf according to weight. 3. Significant differences in appearance management behaviors were not found according to height, but significant differences in diet, exercise and clothing use were found according to weight. Also significant differences in diet and clothing use were found according to R$\ddot{o}$hrer index.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavioral complexities frequently arising in married couples with respect to clothing choices. Symbolic interaction theory was used to understand how spousal influence affects clothing selection after marriage. A convenient sample of nine married couples was interviewed for the data collection. A content analysis revealed how marriage affected their clothing choices, types of communication conveyed with their spouses about clothes and shopping patterns. The primary result indicated that individuals take their spouses' clothing preferences into consideration. Couples exhibited varying frequencies of communication about clothing choices and developed a variety of shopping patterns. As a result of the findings from this study, future research directions are suggested.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.903-912
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyze potential effects of Koreans' ultraviolet risk awareness and appearance management on their UV protective behaviors in daily life and outdoor activities, and was to investigate in their awareness of UV-protective clothing and their purchase attitudes toward anti-UV protective clothing. To meet the above goals, we have surveyed a total of 262 participants(male and female) residing in Chungcheong province. Findings were as following: As a part of ultraviolet-protective behaviors, it was found that the respondents often relied on applying sun-block cream or shady place before exposition to sunlight. Particularly, it was notable that 30's or older group was more proactive in UV protective behaviors than younger group below 30 years old. There were significant correlations among the respondents' UV protective behaviors, their awareness of anti-UV clothing and their purchase attitudes to anti-UV clothing. Also, there were also significant correlations among their UV-protective means for outdoor activities. That is, more favorable awareness about anti-UV clothing they have is associated with their more active attitudes to purchasing anti-UV clothing and taking anti-sunlight behaviors. It was found that the number of respondents who used cosmetics for outdoor activities was more than that of respondents who used clothing to protect their body from ultraviolet ray. Hence, it will be necessary for follow-up studies to focus on the development and promotion of anti-UV clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1333-1345
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• 2011

This study establishes public self-consciousness, sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, and objectified body consciousness as causal variables to identify their direct or indirect effects. This study is an aggregate analysis of existing studies that reveals the relations of how these factors turn to be the image management behaviors. A survey was conducted on 962 women from the ages of 20 to 59 who live in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas. The data analysis was performed through programs such as AMOS 16.0 and SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The findings are as follows: first, public self-consciousness had a direct effect on the sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and on objectified body consciousness, whereas it affected image management behaviors directly or indirectly. This means that as women become aware of others' attention, they recognize the social importance of appearance, internalize ideal social standards, and observe and evaluate their own bodies from a third person's viewpoint regarding the standards for a body required by society; in addition, these procedures lead them to manage their image behaviors. Second, the sociocultural attitudes toward appearance had a direct influence on objectified body consciousness; however, they had an indirect effect on image management behaviors. This demonstrates that body consciousness plays a role as a mediator between the sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and the image management behaviors. Third, it appeared that objectified body consciousness directly affected image management behaviors. Objectified body consciousness was identified as a causal variable that exerts immediate influence on image management behaviors where the more objectified body consciousness women objectified themselves as the body standards that created further image management behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.14 no.4 s.36
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• pp.305-313
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem and demo- graphic variables of adult males and females upon clothing behaviors. The questionnaire were admistered to 249 unmarried females, 202 married females, 228 unmarried males, 179 married males in Pusan. The data was analyzed statisitically using to Pearson's correlation, t-test, Multiple regres-sion. The major findings of this research can be summarized as following; 1. There was significant relationship between the self-esteen and Conformity, Modesty, Management of the clothing behavior subscales. There was significant relationship among the clothing behavior subscales except Interest-Modesty, Conformity-Aesthetics, Conformity- Fashion, Modesty- Psychological dependence and Modesty-Aesthetics. 2. There was significant difference in the self-esteem and all clothing behavior subscales except Conformity according to sex. 3. There was significant difference in Interest, Psychological dependence, Fashion, Conform- ity and Modesty according to marriage status. 4. Sex and school career have significant effect on the self-esteem. Sex have significant effect on Importance, Interest, Modesty, psychological dependence, Aesthetics, Management and Fashion. School career significant effect on Conformity and income effect on Fashion. 5. Sex and school career have significant effect on the self-esteem as intervening variables, the clothing behaviors as dependent variables. Sex, age, school career and income have significant direct effect on the clothing behavior subscales.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.468-478
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in appearance management behaviors and demographic variables among groups classified by the appearance management motives. The questionaries are administerd to 493 female and male adults above 20 years old in Seoul, Kyeonggi-do, Daegu and Kyungpook regions. For analysis of data from 478 respondents, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, ANOVA, Duncan test and ${\chi}^2$ test were applied. We show the following results: First, factor analysis for appearance management motives extracted three factors such as self-development, emphasis on the trendy appearance, and sexual appealing motive. Factor analysis for appearance management behaviors extracted four factors such as weight training, surgery/skin care, hair care and clothing selection. Second, three groups of the appearance management motives were classified into such as the social self-management type, the sexual appealing self-management type, the passive appearance management type. The social self-management groups are more interested in self-development, emphasis on the trendy appearance, and sexual appealing motive. And they are also more involved in appearance management behaviors: clothing selection is the most pursuing appearance management behavior. Third, among the demographic variables, the single and female in 20s and 30s with higher level of education belonged to the social self-management group. In this contribution, we find significant differences in the appearance management behavior and demographic variables classified by the appearance management motives.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.811-820
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• 2012

This study identifies the factor structure of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance, appearance management attitudes, fashion behaviors, and the effects of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and appearance management attitudes on fashion behaviors. Questionnaires were administered to 255 college students living in Daegu Metropolitan City and Kyungbook province. The data collected were analyzed using frequency, factor analysis, multiple regression, and t-test. The findings were as follows. Sociocultural attitudes toward appearance were composed of two factors (body internalization and appearance recognition). Appearance management attitudes were composed of four factors (shape management recognition, weight management, appearance satisfaction, and health care). Fashion behaviors were composed of six factors (convenience, fashion following, self-satisfaction, attractiveness, pursuit of change, and pleasure). Gender of college students showed a distinction between the sub-variables of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance factors (body internalization) and appearance management attitudes (weight management) and fashion behaviors (convenience, fashion following, self-satisfaction, and pleasure). Women had more desire to have a similar looking body of TV celebrities than men. The effects of sociocultural attitudes toward appearance and appearance management attitudes on each fashion behavior variables (convenience, fashion following, self-satisfaction, attractiveness, pursuit of change, and pleasure) were explained by the factors of body internalization and appearance recognition, and weight management, appearance satisfaction, and health care. College students produced fashion appropriate to the situation. Strategies of fashion marketing based on these results are as follow. Through mass media, advertisers help university students realize a healthy outlook and create a social atmosphere that can promote healthy body attractions.