• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.34-37
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• 2002

Background : The term "mononeuropathy multiplex" means simultaneous or sequential involvement of individual noncontiguous nerve trunks, evolving over days to years. The aim of this study was to delineate the causes, clinical features, and detailed electrophysiological findings in the patients with mononeuropathy multiplex. Methods : We analyzed the medical records of 22 patients with mononeuropathy multiplex confirmed on electrophysiological studies in Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital, and Seoul National University Hospital between 1991 to 2000. Results : The number of male and female patients was equal. The mean age was 48 years with a peak incidence in the sixth decade. The etiology could be divided into vasculitis(11 patients) or non-vasculitis group. In vasculitis group, Churg-Strauss syndrome, polyarteritis nodosa, and rheumatoid arthritis were included. The non-vasculitis group included diabetes mellitus, leprosy, and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Ulnar and median nerves were most commonly involved(91%). In descending order of frequency, peroneal, posterior tibial, sural, and radial nerves were also involved. Bilateral involvement occurred most commonly in ulnar nerve. The symptoms and signs of mononeuropathy multiplex were the initial manifestations in 12 patients(55%), which was more frequent in vasculitis group(73%). Nerve conduction abnormalities could be divided into axonal, demyelinating, or mixed type. Most(91%) of the patients in vasculitis group revealed axonal type abnormalities. The location of the nerve lesion was frequently related to potential site of entrapment in demyelinating type. Conclusions : Mononeuropathy multiplex is the presenting features of the etiological disease frequently, especially in vasculitis group. Nerve conduction studies(NCS) reveals not only axonal type but also demyelinating type abnormalities. The etiological diseases were different in each type. Therefore, NCS is very helpful for the early etiological diagnosis and therapeutic implication in the patients with mononeuropathy multiplex.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.135-141
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• 2007

Conjugation of the methyl group at the fifth carbon of cytosines within the palindromic dinucleotide 5'-CpG-3' sequence (DNA methylation) is the best studied epigenetic mechanism, which acts together with other epigenetic entities: histone modification, chromatin remodeling and microRNAs to shape the chromatin structure of DNA according to its functional state. The cancer genome is frequently characterized by hypermethylation of specific genes concurrently with an overall decrease in the level of 5-methyl cytosine, the pathological implication of which to the cancerous state has been well established. While the latest genome-wide technologies have been applied to classify and interpret the epigenetic layer of gene regulation in the physiological and disease states, the epigenetic testing has also been seriously explored in clinical practice for early detection, refining tumor staging and predicting disease recurrence. This critique reviews the latest research findings on the use of DNA methylation in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and staging/classification.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.98-101
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• 2012

We report a patient who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery to treat recurrent meningioma after microsurgery and thereafter developed secondary malignancy adjacent to the original tumor. A 47-year-old woman had underwent resection of the olfactory groove meningioma. Then radiosurgery was done three times over 4 year period for the recurrent tumor. After 58 months from the initial radiosurgery, she presented with headache and progressive mental dullness. Huge tumor in bifrontal location was revealed in MRI. Subsequent operation and pathological examination confirmed diagnosis of glioblastoma. This case fits the criteria of radiation-induced tumor and the clinical implication of the issue is discussed.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.38-42
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• 2014

Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture is quite uncommon and rarely lethal injury. However, delayed presentation between the injury and the diagnosis can cause a life-threatening condition with various complications such as intestinal hernia, obstruction, strangulation, respiratory distress. Here, we present a case of delayed presentation of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture in a 51-year-old man, and then discuss about the clinical implication of delayed presentation of diaphragmatic rupture with a review.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.301-309
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• 2002

Licorice has been wed in clinical medicine for thousands of years. However it is only in recent times that we have been able to employ scientific methods to prove its efficacy and to give us a better understanding of its mechanism of action. One of important mechanisms for its efficacy is related to mineralocorticoid activity increased by glycyrrhizic acid, the active ingredient in licorice. Also the main undesirable side-effects of Licorice relate to is mineralocorticoid activity resulting in a state of apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME). These therapeutic and undesirable effects are explained by the inhibition of 11-$\beta$-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-$\beta$-HSD) activity. Recently, the reduction of serum testosterone in men by licorice was reported which would have important health implications in the context of fertility and sexual dysfunction. Here, health implication of licorice were reviewed In term of its pharmacodynamic and toxicodynamic mechanism.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.27-38
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is to present the acoustic parameters (VOT, jitter, shimmer, vF0, vAm, NHR, SPI, VTI, DVB, DSH) for consonants (/pipi/, /$p^{h}ip^{h}i$/, /p'ip'i/) and sustained vowels (/a/, /e/, /i/) produced by normal subjects and dysphonia patients at two vocal effort(normal, high) by Lombard effect using 60dB white noise. Lombard effect indicates the vocal effort increase in noisy situation. At normal vocal effort, in general the acoustic parameter values of patients are greater than normal. And in noisy situation, significant decrease of acoustic values is seen in normal compared with in dysphonia patients. The clinical implication of this finding, the vocal quality in dysphonia is not compensated by vocal effort as well as normal subjects because of the inefficiency caused by abnormal vocal fold appearance and function. And with this result, we can counsel that the voice quality can not be improved as well as the patient expect.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.491-498
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• 1995

A numerical human head/neck model was constructed for analyzing the implication in decleration injuries. This model consists of nine rigid bodies representing the head, cervical vertebrae C1-C7, and T1. These rigid bodies were connected by intervertebral disks described by massless beam elements. Muscles and ligaments were also incoperated in the model represented by nonlinear spring and viscoblastic element respectively Agreement of the analytical kinematic response with the results of experimental data from a volunteer run was satisfactory. Moreover, possible injury estimation from the calculated moment, force variations in the disc, and force variation in ligaments matched well with clinical observations.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.46-49
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• 2010

BACKGROUND. Though implant dentistry is very successful and predictable in treatment of patients with destroyed dentition, there are some cases with limitations to implant therapy. In these cases, alternative treatment modality should be considered. CASE DESCRIPTION. A patient with destroyed dentition was rehabilitated with a lateral rotational path removable partial denture. According to the diagnosis, we determined to raise vertical dimension for esthetic and functional restoration. The final restoration was performed after four months of provisional period. CLINICAL IMPLICATION. The edentulous patients with compromised esthetics and functions can be successfully treated with a rotational path removable partial denture through adequate treatment planning and precise laboratory procedure.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.84-89
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• 2009

The main stream of CD137 studies has been directed to the function of CD137 in $CD8^+$ T-cell immunity, including its anti-tumor activity, and paradoxically the immunosuppressive activity of CD137, which proves to be of a great therapeutic potential for animal models of a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies, however, add complexes to the biology of CD137. Accumulating is evidence supporting that there exists a bidirectional signal transduction pathway for the CD137 receptor and its ligand (CD137L). CD137/CD137L interactions are involved in the network of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in addition to the well characterized antigen-presenting cell-T cell interactions. Signaling through CD137L plays a critical role in the differentiation of myeloid cells and their cellular activities, suggesting that CD137L signals trigger and sustain inflammation. The overall consequence might be that the amplified inflammation by CD137L enhances the T-cell activity together with CD137 signals by upregulating costimulatory molecules, MHC molecules, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Solving this outstanding issue is urgent and will have an important clinical implication.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-3
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• 2010

BACKGROUND. Even though excellent impression materials are now available for making accurate replication for hard and soft tissue, the numerous dentists have faced lots of obstacles in making simultaneous impressions of multiple abutments. CASE DESCRIPTION. This article describes a modified method of tray fabrication using auto-polymerizing acrylic resin and impression technique for multiple prepared teeth in cases with limitations and difficulties in taking dental impressions. CLINICAL IMPLICATION. This segmental tray technique has several advantages, including higher impression quality, fewer impressions, and being more comfortable for the patient and less stressful for the clinician.