• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2005

Noise may cause damage of the auditory system, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. However, we haven't the data enough to be available for understanding various effects of noise on the human body. The current study was prospectively designed to investigate the changes of the cardiac factors and cerebral hemodynamics following a transient exposure to noise in young people. 80 subjects (mean aged $23.45\pm2.40$ years) participated in this experiment and were exposed to excavator-noise with 90 decibels for 15 minutes using ear-phone. Cardiac factors such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate-systolic pressure product (RPP), and cerebral hemodynamics such as mean blood flow velocities (Vm), pulsatility indexes (PI), resistance indexes (RI) and mean blood flow velocities at breathing-hold (Vh) in the middle (MCA), anterior (ACA) and posterior cerebral arteries (PCA) were measured before (baseline) and during the noise-exposure. Although there were individual differences in above mentioned parameters, HR, systolic and diastolic BP, RPP, MCA-Vm, MCA-PI, MCA-RI, ACA-Vm, ACA-PI, ACA-RI, PCA-Vm, PCA-PI, and PCA-RI during the noise-exposure decreased compared with the baselines (P<0.05 or P<0.01), The findings of the present study suggest that a transient exposure to excavator-noise at rest causes changes in the cardiac factors and cerebral hemodynamics with individual differences. Further studies need to be carried out for clarifying the effects of longer exposure and combined mental activity with noise exposure.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2003

The occurrence and pattern of tooth wear are related to cultural, dietary, occupational, and geographic factors, Excessive occlusal wear can result in pulpal exposure, occlusal disharmony, functional inability. Surface loss can be differentiated into 3 general causal categories: i) mechanical loss, which includes attrition, ii) abrasion chemical loss including erosion, and finally iii) a proposed biomechanical category described as abfraction. Considering that mechanical wear is frequently asymptomatic, patients may have parafunctional habit. Structured clinical decision analysis in fixed prosthodontics, as other branches of dentistry do, allows the practitioner to consider the patient's problems more thoroughly based on the clinical data and extenuation factors. This discipline of decision making is intended to complement the experience level and educational background of the clinician in assisting the patient through the decision process. Additionally, CDA helps the clinician define not only the pre-existing condition of the patient prior to irreversible therapy, but also better treatment strategies for the patient over an extended period. The systematic nature of decision analysis stimulates the dentists to pay further attention to those factors, which is germane to the overall complexity of the case, and exclude factors, which have little influence on its final outcome. Further implementation of computerized databases, procedural outcome probabilities based on clinical and laboratory studies and the clinical experience of those who use it, may provide quite a promising future in the field of structured and formalized clinical decision analysis.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.193-202
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore socio-demographic, clinical and psychological factors associated with medication adherence among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, 133 patients with CHF who had visited a clinic located in Seoul participated. Medication adherence (MA) was measured using a single item visual analogue rating scale (VAS). Barriers and attitudes toward adherence, and depression were measured using a structured questionnaire. Medical records were reviewed to identify their clinical characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed identify factors affecting medication adherence. Results: About one third of participants (31.1%) reported their MA as 100%. Overall attitudes on MA were highly positive and 49 (36.8%) of participants were depressive. MA was associated with significantly barriers (p<.001), attitudes (p<.001), age (p<.001), and duration of disease (p<.001). The high adherent group had significantly less barriers than other groups (OR=.389, p=0.02). Conclusion: This study indicates that barriers and attitudes toward MA were the most important factors affecting their adherence to HF medication. To improve MA for patient with CHF, the nursing strategies which can lead poor adherent patients to their optimal level should be developed.

• Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2018

Purpose: It is thought that Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is more prevalent and causes more severe pneumonia in school-age children and young adults than in preschool children; however, recent studies suggest that the infection may be underdiagnosed and more severe in preschool children. This study investigated the clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and the risk factors of refractory MPP (RMPP) by age. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 353 children admitted due to MPP from January 2015 to December 2016. Demographics, clinical information, laboratory data and radiological findings were collected from all patients in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups by the age of 6 years. Also, both preschool (< 6 years old) and school-age (${\geq}6$ years old) children were divided into RMPP and non-RMPP patients. Results: Total febrile days, febrile days before admission and the duration of macrolide antibiotic therapy were significantly longer in school-age children than in preschool children. School-age children had significantly greater risk of lobar consolidation (P=0.036), pleural effusion (P=0.001) and extrapulmonary complications (P=0.019). Necrotizing pneumonia and bronchiolitis obliterans tended to occur more frequently in preschool children than in school-age children. In both preschool and school-age children, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly higher in RMPP patients than in non-RMPP patients. In preschool children, LDH > 722 IU/L (odds ratio [OR], 3.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-6.50) and ferritin > 177 ng/mL (OR, 5.38; 95% CI, 1.61-19.49) were significant risk factors for RMPP, while LDH > 645 IU/L (OR, 4.12; 95% CI, 1.64-10.97) and ferritin > 166 ng/mL (OR, 5.51; 95% CI, 1.59-22.32) were so in school-age children. Conclusion: Clinical features of MPP were significantly different between preschool and school-age children. LDH and ferritin may be significant factors of RMPP in preschool and school-age children.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.56.1-56.13
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• 2024

Importance: Canine parvovirus enteritis (CPE) is a contagious viral disease of dogs caused by the canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. CPV-2 has a high global evolutionary rate. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 and understanding its epidemiology are essential for controlling CPV-2 infections. Objective: This study examined the risk factors and survival outcomes of dogs infected with CPV-2. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 genotypes circulating in Egypt was performed to determine the evolution of CPV-2 nationally and globally. Methods: An age-matched case-control study was conducted on 47 control and 47 CPV-infected dogs. Conditional logistic regression analysis examined the association between the potential risk factors and CPE in dogs. Survival analysis was performed to determine the survival pattern of the infected dogs. Thirteen fecal samples from infected dogs were collected to confirm the CPV genotype by CPV-2 VP2 gene sequencing, assembly of nucleotide sequences, and phylogenic analysis. Results: Unvaccinated and roamer dogs had eight and 2.3 times higher risks of CPV infection than vaccinated dogs and non-roamer dogs, respectively. The risk of death from CPE was high among dogs without routine visits to veterinary clinics and among non-roamer dogs. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 confirmed its genotype identity and relationship with the CPV-2 c and b clade types. Conclusions and Relevance: This study highlights the potential factors for CPE control, especially vaccination and preventing dogs from roaming freely outside houses. Isolated CPV genotypes are closely related to southern Asian genotypes, suggesting a substantial opportunity for global transmission.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.550-560
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the psychological factors that affect marital satisfaction or divorce likelihood in clinical couples. Methods: Clinical couples (n=57) who visited "M" couple clinic participated in the study. Data was collected from September 2005 to June 2006 using a Marital Satisfaction Scale, a Marital Status Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Results: The couples showed high scores on depression, obsessive-compulsion, personality factors and divorce probability and a low score on marital satisfaction. The wife's obsessive-compulsion was a predictor of her marital satisfaction, and the wife's social introversion and depression, and husband's obsessive-compulsion were predictors of the wife's prospect of divorce. The husband's hypomania and depression were predictors of his marital satisfaction, and there were no predictors of the husband's prospect of divorce. Conclusion: Obsessive-compulsion is a significant factor in a couple's relationship, although previous studies have not been interested in obsessive-compulsion. Divorce likelihood should be evaluated for clinical couples as well as marital satisfaction, because it is more important for divorce prevention. Each spouse who has a psycho logical problem such as depression, obsessive-compulsion, and deviated personality needs individual therapy as well as couple therapy.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that cause nocturnal crying. Methods This clinical study has been carried out with 133 infants and children, who visited to the department of Pediatrics, ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Oriental Medical Hospital from September 2012 to October 2012. Patient's guardian filled out the questionnaire consisting of pregnancy-birth domain, child care domain, sleep domain, nocturnal crying domain and other domains. We used PASW Statistics 18.0 to analyze each factors by Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and independent samples t test. Results The prevalence of nocturnal crying between "frequently changing sleep posture group" and "stable sleep posture group" were significantly different (p=0.002, OR=3.557). The prevalence of nocturnal crying between "sleep problem group" and "no sleep problem group" were significantly different (p=0.022, OR=4.052). The nocturnal crying prevalence of the rest of the groups had no significant difference. Conclusions The frequently changing sleep posture increases the risk of nocturnal crying, and the presence of sleep problem increases the risk of nocturnal crying.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.195-204
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the relationships between role conflict, nursing organizational culture, resilience and nursing performance and the factors influencing nursing performance in clinical nurses. Methods: The participants were 191 nurses working for more than 6 months in a National University Hospital. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires from October to November in 2016. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple linear regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: Factors affecting nursing performance in clinical nurses were resilience (β=.41, p<.001), relation-oriented nursing organizational culture (β=.12, p=.007) and hierarchical-oriented nursing organizational culture (β=.13, p=.047). These factors explained about 37.7% of the variability in nursing performance (F=10.57, p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to estabilish a relation-oriented nursing organizational culture in nursing organization. Also, education and intervention programs to improve nurses' resilience should be developed in order to increase nursing performance in clinical nurses.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2021

Purpose : This study aimed to identify factors influencing clinical nurses' intention to report medication administration errors. Methods : This cross-sectional study collected data from 121 nurses in charge of administering medication at a university hospital in Korea using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression. Results : Participants' mean age was 26.90±3.99 years, and 89.3% were women. Their mean clinical career duration was 3.88±4.26 years. The average levels of patient safety culture, attitude toward reporting medication administration errors, and intention to report medication administration errors were 7.51 out of 10, 3.36 out of 5, and 4.85 out of 6, respectively. The multiple regression analysis results indicated that the statistically significant influencing factors were patient safety culture (𝛽=.21, p =.018) and attitude toward reporting medication administration errors (𝛽=.22, p =.015). Conclusion : To improve the intention to report medication administration errors among clinical nurses, a patient safety culture must be established, along with an education provision for improving their attitudes toward reporting such administration errors.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oral health professionals' knowledge, attitude, and practice with regard to infectious waste management and to identify related factors influencing it. Methods: The study comprised of 219 oral health professionals from select dental clinics and public health centers recruited between August 25, 2016 and September 5, 2016, who agreed to participate in the study with full understanding of the study objectives. A self-reported questionnaire was administered, which consisted of 22 items on knowledge of infectious waste management, 9 items on attitude, and 16 items on practice. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analyses. Results: The age, knowledge, and clinical attitude of oral health professionals significantly correlated with waste management practice. Specifically, infectious waste management practice improved with increasing age, a greater level of knowledge, and a more positive clinical attitude. Additionally, the standardized regression coefficient demonstrated that, of these three factors, clinical attitude more strongly correlated with effective waste management practice, followed by age and level of knowledge. Conclusions: These results indicated that oral health professionals had a low level of knowledge regarding infectious waste management, and a more positive clinical attitude resulted in better practices. Therefore, the development of detailed and active education guidelines and strategies are needed to enhance the attitude, knowledge, and practice of oral health professionals with regard to infectious waste management.