• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.54-71
• /
• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study was to revise Sasang Digestive Function Inventory (SDFI) and improve its validity and reliability using clinical data. Methods The Sasang type and Cold-Heat pattern differentiation by certified clinical specialist and responses to SDFI items were acquired from 419 hospital patients. The revision of SDFI was performed using item analysis and Explorative Factor Analysis (EFA). Furthermore, the validity and reliability of the revised SDFI (rSDFI) were investigated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Internal Consistency and Item Response Theory (IRT). And, clinical significance of the rSDFI was examined for the differentiation of Sasang types and Cold-Heat patterns. Results The number of the SDFI items were modified from 21 to 15. And, the validity and reliability of the rSDFI subscale structure were found to be acceptable. The scores of rSDFI-total and rSDFI-E significantly decreased in the order of Tae-Eum (TE), So-Yang (SY), So-Eum (SE) types, and the rSDFI score of SE type was significantly lower than that of TE and SY types. The rSDFI-total score could differentiate Cold-Heat pattern in both SY and SE types. And the difference of digestive function between Cold and Heat pattern of SE type could be explained with the rSDFI-D score. The rSDFI-total score in Cold pattern significantly decreased in the order of TE, SY, and SE types, and the rSDFI-total score of TE type is significantly higher than that of SE type in Heat pattern. Conclusions Current results demonstrated the reliability, validity and clinical usefulness of the rSDFI in clinical patients. Therefore, rSDFI can be utilized as an objective clinical measure supporting the differential diagnosis of Sasang typology.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.247-262
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The nursing students' perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: "future professional competency-focused type," "realistic convenience priority type," "task burden awareness type," "negative critic type," and "limited experience dissatisfaction type." Conclusion: This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice's positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제47권1호
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2015

We investigated whether multiple infections can be used as predictors of progression to carcinogenesis in accordance with the cytological diagnosis in women receiving abnormal cytologic diagnosis as analysis genotype and compared to single infection. HPV prevalence is highest in the age of under 30 years old woman, HPV prevalence is started to lower after 30 years old and started to increase over 60 years old as like a U-shape. The specific HPV genotypes is an important factor because increased single infection and reduced multiple infections and appeared single infection with AC in progressing carcinogenesis. HPV 16 revealed the statistical significance at the single infection in squamous cell lesions, and HPV 18 revealed the statistical significance at the single infection in adenocarcinoma with showed HPV 16, 58, 18, 52-type distribution.

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the factors related to clinical nurses' organizational socialization, process and to find out the strategic information for successful organizational socialization. Methods : Data were collected with a structured questionnaires from 300 clinical nurses. The data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results : First, the average score for the organizational socialization($2.95{\pm}0.37$), organization climate($3.28{\pm}0.43$), autonomy($3.23{\pm}0.43$), role stress($3.21{\pm}0.56$), professional self-concept($3.19{\pm}0.46$), organization value internalization($3.11{\pm}0.59$), and perceptional justice($2.91{\pm}0.50$). Second, influencing factor of organizational socialization of the participant were organizational climate, role stress, professional self-concept, Job esteem, Living arrangement type, collaboration between medical professionals in hospital, the other hospital work experience, role model or Mentor, total hospital career, perceived health status, spouse, perceptional justice, Adjusted $R^2=.702$. Conclusions : These results suggest that organizational socialization of clinical nurses could be enhanced by organizational climate. Thus creating a positive organizational climate are mandated for clinical nurses to have constructive organizational socialization.

• 대한종양외과학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.108-115
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the results of treatment with adjuvant trastuzumab for 9 months versus 12 months in human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer patients. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival. Secondary endpoints included cardiac safety, tolerability, and overall survival. Methods: The study included 60 non-metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer patients. All study patients underwent surgery, received adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy if indicated. Thirty patients were randomized in each group. Group I patients received adjuvant trastuzumab for 12 months, while group II patients received adjuvant trastuzumab for 9 months. Patients were assessed by clinical examination and Echocardiography during treatment. Results: After median follow-up of 12 months, 90% of the patients in group I were disease free and 83.3% of patients in group II were disease free (P=0.402). All studied population in both groups I and II were alive at the end of the 1-year follow-up period after the completion of adjuvant trastuzumab treatment thus overall survival is 100%. Conclusion: Trastuzumab is tolerable and its side effects are reversible. Nine months of adjuvant trastuzumab treatment is more cost effective than the standard 12 months.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제51권12호
• /
• pp.637-642
• /
• 2013

Because the implant is regarded as a common treatment. It is clinically important that systemic and local risk factor of threatening peri implant mucosa should be considered during the process. The most risk factors are detected in clinical diagnosis, but it might be difficult and not clear to recognize systemic or combined factors. This article reviews risk factors of peri-implantitis. Local factors are biomechanics, periodontal soft tissue characteristics, infected site and oral hygiene. Systemic factors are alcohol, smoking and genetic traits.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.4503-4506
• /
• 2016

Background: Lymph node and distant metastases are known as the prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Clinical parameters are needed to predict metastases preoperatively. The aim of this study was to assess clinical predictive factors for lymph node and distant metastases. Materials and Methods: We collected RCC data from January 1995 until December 2015 at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital in Jakarta. We only reviewed data that had renal cell carcinoma histopathology by operation or biopsy. Clinical information such as patient age, gender, hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and tumor size (clinical T stage) were reviewed and analyzed by Chi-squre and logistic regression to establish clinical predictive value. Results: A total of 102 patients were reviewed. There were 32 (31.4%) with lymph node metastases and 27 (26.5%) with distant metastases. Age, Hb and clinical T staging were associated with nodal metastases. However, only Hb and clinical T staging were found to be associated with distant metastases. By logistic regression, we found T3-4 in clinical T-stage to be the only predictor of nodal metastases (OR 5.14; 1.87 - 14.09) and distant metastases (OR 3.42; 1.27 - .9.23). Conclusions: Clinical T-stages of T3 and T4 according to The AJCC TNM classification could be used as independent clinical predictive factors for lymph node or distant metastases in patients with RCC.

• 한국간호교육학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.321-332
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of the learning environment on nursing students' clinical practice education and the violence experienced during clinical practice on vocational identity. Methods: The design of the study was a descriptive survey, and data were collected from November 15 to November 27, 2019. The data of the study were obtained from 515 nursing students attending three universities using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. Results: For the experience of violence, verbal violence (98.3%) was the type most commonly experienced, and patients (97.7%) were the most frequent perpetrators. The clinical learning environment was perceived differently according to gender, personality, interpersonal relationship, satisfaction with nursing, clinical practice satisfaction, violence prevention education, the need for violence prevention education, sexual violence experiences, and violent perpetrators. The most influential factor on vocational identity was satisfaction with the nursing major (β=0.24, p<.001), followed by extroverted personality (β=0.18, p<.001), clinical learning environment (β=0.15, p=.001), satisfaction with clinical practice (β=0.15, p=.002), and the experience of violence by patients (β=-0.10, p=.016), which together explained 24.1% of the variance in the model. Conclusion: It is necessary to make efforts to ensure that students do not experience violence during clinical practice, to maintain a close cooperative relationship between university and clinical institutions to improve the learning environment for clinical practice, and to make the clinical field an educational learning environment.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2008

목 적 : 소아의 성장을 평가하는데 혈중 Insulin like growth factor(IGF)-I과 IGF binding protein(IGFBP)-3가 성장호르몬에 의존적이라는 사실이 확인되면서 선별검사로 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 실질적인 생물학적 활성을 가진 유리 IGF-I의 임상적인 유용성과 진단적 의의에 대해서는 국내에서 보고된 예가 거의 없다. 이에 저자들은 한국의 소아 및 청소년을 대상으로 유리 IGF-I의 혈중농도분포 및 총 IGF-I, IGFBP-3 농도와의 상관성을 규명하여 유리 IGF-I의 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 한다. 방 법 : 총 IGF-I과 IGFBP-3의 혈중 농도는 494명(남아 248명, 여아 246명)을 대상으로 하였으며, 이중 무작위로 206명(남아 103명, 여아 103명)을 선택하여 유리 IGF-I의 혈중농도를 측정하였다. 혈중 총 IGF-I는 RIA 방법으로, IGFBP-3와 유리 IGF-I은 IRMA 방법으로 측정하였다. 결 과 : 나이에 따른 혈중 유리 IGF-I 농도는 남아의 경우 7세부터 15세까지 지속적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 여아에서는 14세 이전까지는 증가하다가 이후 감소하는 양상을 나타냈다. 이는 총 IGF-I 및 IGFBP-3치의 변화와 유사한 양상을 보였다. 혈중 유리 IGF-I/총 IGF-I 농도비, 유리 IGF-I/IGFBP-3 농도비의 변화는 남녀에서 모두 나이에 따른 연령별 차이점은 보이지 않았다. 혈중 유리 IGF-I과 총 IGF-I, IGFBP-3 사이의 상관성 분석에서는 성별에 관계없이 유리 IGF-I과 총 IGF-I 사이에는 매우 유의하였고(r=0.46, P<0.001), 유리 IGF-I과 총 IGF-I/IGFBP-3 농도비 사이에도 유의한 상관관계(r=0.40, P<0.001)를 보였다. 결 론 : 소아 및 청소년에서 혈중 유리 IGF-I 농도는 나이에 따라 증가하였으며, 총 IGF-I과 유사한 양상을 보였고, 혈중 유리 IGF-I과 총 IGF-I 및 총 IGF-I/IGFBP-3 농도비 사이에도 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되어 생물학적 활성을 가진 유리 IGF-I의 측정이 임상적으로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 그러나, 유리 IGF-I/총 IGF-I 농도비는 연령별 분포차이를 보이지 않았으며 이는 유리 IGF-I이 총 IGF-I에 비해 사춘기적 성장을 평가하는데 더 유용하다고 보기는 힘들다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제50권5호
• /
• pp.519-529
• /
• 2017

임상영양서비스에 대한 의사의 인식과 임상영양사 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식에 대한 인과관계를 명확하게 파악하기 위해 매개효과를 분석하고 부트스트래핑으로 매개효과를 검증한 이 연구의 결과물을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 5가지 가설을 다음과 같이 세웠다. 가설 1. '의사가 인식하는 임상영양서비스의 실행에 대한 의사의 인식'은 '임상영양서비스의 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식'에 정(+)의 영향을 줄 것이다. 가설 2. 의사가 인식하는 '임상영양서비스의 질병 치료 효과에 대한 의사의 인식'은 '임상영양서비스 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식'에 정(+)의 영향을 줄 것이다. 가설 3. '임상영양서비스의 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식'은 '임상영양사 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식'에 정(+)의 영향을 줄 것이다. 가설 4. '임상영양서비스 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식'은 '임상영양서비스 실행에 대한 의사의 인식'과 '임상영양사 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식' 사이에서 매개역할을 할 것이다. 가설 5. '임상영양서비스 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식'은 '임상영양서비스의 질병 치료 효과에 대한 의사의 인식'과 '임상영양사 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식' 사이에서 매개역할을 할 것 이다. 가설검증 결과와 매개효과 분석 결과 가설 1~5까지의 가설이 모두 지지되었다. 결론적으로 1) '임상영양서비스의 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식'이 완전 매개로 작용한 경우는 임상영양서비스 실행 횟수에 상관없이 의사가 임상영양서비스의 중요도를 인식해야만 임상영양사 요구도를 인식한다는 것이며, 2) 임상영양서비스의 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식이 불완전 매개로 작용한 경우는 임상영양서비스의 질병 치료 효과에 대한 의사의 인식과 임상영양서비스 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식 사이에서 프로세스 역할을 수행하지만, 임상영양서비스의 질병 치료 효과에 대한 의사의 인식이 임상영양서비스 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식에 더 큰 영향을 준다는 것이다. 따라서 임상영양서비스에 대한 의사들의 긍정적인 인식은 임상영양사 요구도에 대한 의사의 인식을 높이지만, 단순히 임상영양서비스의 양적 횟수 즉 임상영양서비스의 실행에 대한 의사의 인식이 아니라 환자 치료에 있어서 도움이 되는 질적 효과 즉 임상영양서비스의 질병 치료효과에 대한 의사의 인식과 임상영양서비스의 중요도에 대한 의사의 인식이 의사들에게서 임상영양서비스에 대한 긍정적인 인식을 이끌어 낼 수 있다. 이러한 의료진의 긍정적인 인식을 높이기 위해서는 추가적으로 임상영양서비스를 수행하는 임상영양사의 전문성이 요구된다. 이상의 결과를 근거로 임상영양서비스에 대한 의사의 인식이 임상영양사 요구도에 영향을 준다고 여겨진다. 더불어 영양학 분야의 유사연구에서 사회과학 분야 통계기법을 활용하여 명확한 인과관계를 규명하는데 본 연구가 발판이 되어 질 것으로 기대하는 바이다.