• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.147-161
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• 2017

Climate changes from global warming and reduction in agricultural land result in volatility of prices of agricultural products, causing a imbalance of food market in Korea. It is necessary to develop a transnational food industry cooperation system among Korea, China and Russia that directly or indirectly affect food industry in terms of the whole industrial network. This study analyzes the value chain and linkage in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industries in three nations. The unit structure and the industrial patterns of three nations were derived using the World Input-output Table (WIOT) from 2004 to 2014 every five years. This paper is expected to contribute to develop food security cooperation in the northern part of the Korean peninsula and to promote the mutual growth of food industry through industry linkage and cooperation.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.221-235
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• 2011

This study summarizes previous studies on the climate change over Korea. Several studies on climate change in the neighboring countries as well as the entire globe are reviewed. Temperature data obtained from modern observational system show an increasing trend beyond the natural variations. The increasing rate of sea surface temperature (SST) over the ocean basins surrounding Korea is higher than that of the global-mean SST. The large increase in the SST over the oceans surrounding Korea may enhance tropical cyclone activity and heavy rainfall frequency in Korea. In addition, it has been reported that the changes in large scale circulation associated with global climate change influence the spatio-temporal variation of monsoon including Changma in summer and cold surges in winter. Although all researches on the subject were not fully discussed in this study due to short period of preparation, allowed pages, and authors' limited knowledge, we expect that this summarized reviews would be helpful to understand climate changes over Korea and the surrounding regions.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.15-30
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• 2021

In this study, using 16 ORA-IP (Ocean Reanalysis Intercomparison Project) data, we investigated spatial and temporal changes of net surface heat flux in the East Asian seas and presented a new ensemble net surface heat flux index. The ensemble net surface heat flux index is produced considering the data distribution and the standard deviation of each ORA-IP. From the correlation analysis with air temperature averaged over the Korean Peninsula, ensemble net heat flux around the Korea Strait shows the highest correlation (0.731) with a 3 month time lag. For the correlation study regarding precipitation over the Korean Peninsula, it also shows significant correlation especially in winter and spring seasons. Similar results are also found in comparison with climate indices (AO, PDO, and NINO3.4), but ensemble net surface heat flux data in winter season reveals the strongest correlation patterns especially with winter temperature and spring precipitation.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.296-303
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• 2015

We surveyed moths on Gageodo island in the southwestern sea of the Korean Peninsula over three years (2009, 2012, 2013) and found a total of 253 species in 18 families. Geometridae had the greatest species richness, with 63 species, followed by Noctuidae, Erebidae, Crambidae and Sphingidae. The annual changes in species richness and abundance were not different and seasonal occurrence of species showed a unimodal pattern in which the numbers of species and individuals increased from April and May, peaked in June and decreased to September and October. Seven moth species (Pyralidae: Herculia drabicilialis Yamanaka, Didia striatella (Inoue); Crambidae: Clupeosoma pryeri (Butler), Demobotys pervulgalis (Hampson), Yezobotys dissimilis (Yamanaka), Syllepte cissalis Yamanaka; Erebidae: Hypena sinuosa (Wileman)) are reported for the first time in Korea.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.292-303
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• 2022

Background: Climate change significantly influences the geographical distribution of plant species worldwide. Selecting indicator species allows for better-informed and more effective ecosystem management in response to climate change. The Korean Peninsula is the northernmost distribution zone of warm temperate evergreen broad-leaved (WTEB) species in Northeast Asia. Considering the ecological value of these species, we evaluated the current distribution range and future suitable habitat for 13 WTEB tree species designated as climate-sensitive biological indicator species. Results: Up-to-date and accurate WTEB species distribution maps were constructed using herbarium specimens and citizen science data from the Korea Biodiversity Observation Network. Current northern limits for several species have shifted to higher latitudes compared to previous records. For example, the northern latitude limit for Stauntonia hexaphylla is higher (37° 02' N, Deokjeokdo archipelago) than that reported previously (36° 13' N). The minimum temperature of the coldest month (Bio6) is the major factor influencing species distribution. Under future climate change scenarios, suitable habitats are predicted to expand toward higher latitudes inland and along the western coastal areas. Conclusions: Our results support the suitability of WTEB trees as significant biological indicators of species' responses to warming. The findings also suggest the need for consistent monitoring of species distribution shifts. This study provides an important baseline dataset for future monitoring and management of indicator species' responses to changing climate conditions in South Korea.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.196-200
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• 2002

The time variation in the Kuroshio is studied by use of nine observed distances of the main Kuroshio axis from the Japanese coast. The observed distances over 1975 - 1995 are estimated from the Prompt Report of Oceanographic Conditions published by Hydrographic Department of the Maritime Safety Agency of Japan. It is shown that large sea level difference between Naze and Nishinoomote, which represents the volume transport of the southern inflow south of Kyushu, coincides with larger distance of the Kuroshio in the upstream area from off Kyushu to off eastern Kii Peninsula and smaller distance in the downstream area from off Omae-zaki to off Boso Peninsula. In contrast, large sea level difference between Nishinoomote and Aburatsu, which represents the volume transport of northern inflow south of Kyushu, corresponds to smaller distance in the upstream area and larger distance in the downstream area. Path dynamics of the Kuroshio is discussed with reference to the variation in Volume transport south of Kyushu.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1439-1449
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• 2007

Heavy snowfall was occurred over the south-western part of the Korean Peninsula called as Honam Districts, on two days from 21 December 2005. The development mechanism of snowfall and its characteristics were analysed using observation and numerical data provided by Korea Meteorological Administration. In comparison with other years Arctic air mass developed and maintained during all December 2005 due to active planetary waves with three branches. And jet streams at lower and higher levels make easy development of snow convection cells. Especially thermal low induced by mesoscale heat and dynamic sources, also help the developments of convection cells in strong ascension. The understanding the relation between synoptic and mesoscale circumstance, therefore, is also important to predict the heavy snowfall and to prevent the disaster.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.431-438
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• 2023

The information about battlefield environment changes and operational impacts on Korean Peninsula due to climate change is essential for national defense. In this study, the future impact of four ground operations was analyzed by using the national climate change standard scenario based on the IPCC 6^th report. As a result, it was analyzed that the number of operational-limited days for ambush and airlift operations would decrease, making the operational environment favorable. However, the operational environment unfavorable as the number of operational-limited days for crossing and reconnaissance operations increase, but the number is not large so much.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2014

The research was carried out in order to find climate factors which determine the distribution of Neolitsea sericea, and the potential habitats (PHs) under the current climate and three climate change scenario by using species distribution models (SDMs). Four climate factors; the minimum temperature of the coldest month (TMC), the warmth index (WI), summer precipitation (PRS), and winter precipition (PRW) : were used as independent variables for the model. Three general circulation models under A1B emission scenarios were used as future climate scenarios for the 2050s (2040~2069) and 2080s (2070~2099). Highly accurate SDMs were obtained for N. sericea. The model of distribution for N. sericea constructed by SDMs showed that minimum temperature of the coldest month (TMC) is a major climate factor in determining the distribution of N. sericea. The area above the $-4.4^{\circ}C$ of TMC revealed high occurrence probability of the N. sericea. Future PHs for N. sericea were projected to increase respectively by 4 times, 6.4 times of current PHs under 2050s and 2080s. It is expected that the potential of N. sericea habitats is expanded gradually. N. sericea is applicable as indicator species for monitoring in the Korean Peninsula. N. sericea is necessary to be monitored of potential habitats.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.192-202
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• 2024

Ocean reanalysis data are extensively used in ocean circulation and climate research by integrating observational data with numerical models. This approach overcomes the spatial and temporal limitations of observational data and provides high-resolution gridded information that considers the physical interactions between ocean variables. In this study, I extended the previously produced 12-year (2011-2022) Northwest Pacific regional ocean reanalysis data to create a long-term reanalysis dataset (K-ORA22E) with a horizontal resolution of 1/24° spanning 30 years (1993-2022). These data were analyzed to diagnose long-term ocean climate change in the Korean marginal seas. Analysis of the K-ORA22E data revealed that the axis of the Kuroshio extension has shifted northward by approximately 6 km per year over the past 30 years, with a significant increase in sea surface temperature north of the Kuroshio axis. Among the waters surrounding the Korean Peninsula, the East Sea exhibited the most significant temperature increase. In the East Sea, the temperature increase was more pronounced in the middle layer than in the surface layer, with the East Korea Warm Current showing a rate two to three times higher than the global average. In the central Yellow Sea, where the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water appears, temperatures increased over the long-term, but decreased along the west and south coasts of the Korean Peninsula. These spatial differences in long-term temperature changes appear to be closely related to the heat transport pathways of warm water from the Kuroshio Current. High-resolution regional ocean reanalysis data, such as the K-ORA22E produced in this study, are essential foundational data for understanding long-term variability in the Korean marginal seas and analyzing the impacts of climate change.