• Atmosphere
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.457-467
• /
• 2018

This study investigated the variability of spring (March-May) forest fire risk in Korea for the period 1991~2017 and analyzed its relationship with large-scale climate factors. The Forest Weather Index (FWI) representing the meteorological risk for forest fire occurrences calculated based on observational data and its relationship with large-scale climate factors were analyzed. We performed the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on the spring FWI. The leading EOF mode of FWI accounting for about 70% of total variability was found to be highly correlated with total number of forest fire occurrences in Korea. The high FWI, forest fire occurrence risk, in Korea, is associated with warmer atmosphere temperature in midwest Eurasia-China-Korea peninsula, cyclonic circulation anomaly in northeastern China-Korea peninsula-northwest pacific, westerly wind anomaly in central China-Korea peninsula, and low humidity in Korea. These are further related with warmer sea surface temperature and enhanced outgoing longwave radiation over Western Pacific, which represents a typical condition for a La $Ni\tilde{n}a$ episode. This suggests that large-scale climate factors over East Asia and ENSO could have a significant influence on the occurrence of spring forest fires in Korea.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.85-94
• /
• 2008

This study is to construe spatio-temporal characteristics of temperature in cities and changes of climatical regions in analyzing a change of Korea Peninsular climate. We used daily mean air temperature data which was collected in South and North Korea for the past 34 years from 1974 to 2007. We created temperature map of 500m resolution using Inverse Distance Weight in application with adiabatic lapse rate per month in linear relation with height and temperature. In the urbanization area, the data analyzed population in comparison with temperature changes by the year. An annual rising rate of temperature was calculated $0.0056^{\circ}C$, and the temperature was increased $2.14^{\circ}C$ from 1974 to 2107. The south climate region in Korea by the Warmth index was expanded to the middle climate region by the latitude after 1990s. A rise of urban area in mean temperature was $0.5-1.2^{\circ}C$, Seoul, metropolitan and cities which were high density of urbanization and industrialization with the population increase between 1980s and 1990s. In case of North Korea, Cities were Pyeongyang, Anju, Gaecheon, Hesan. A rise in cities areas in mean temperature has influence on vegetation, especially secondary growth such as winter buds of pine trees appears built-up area and outskirts in late Autumn. Finally, nowaday we confront diverse natural events over climatical changes, We need a long-term research to survey and analyze an index on the climatical changes to present a systematic approach and solution in the future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.52 no.6
• /
• pp.381-395
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to predict agricultural reservoir storage rate (RSR) in a month. This algorithm was developed by multiple linear regression model (MLRM) which included the past 3 months RSRs data and the future climate change scenarios. In order to improve use of predicted RSR, this study need the severe criteria in terms of drought. So, the predicted RSR was indexed as the 3 months reservoir drought index (RDI3) and then it was disaggregated into drought duration, severity, and intensity. For the future RSR estimation by climate change scenarios, the 6 RCP 8.5 scenarios of HadGEM2-ES, CESM1-BGC, MPI-ESM-MR, INM-CM4, FGOALS-s2, and HadGEM3-RA were used in three future evaluation periods (S1: 2011~2040, S2: 2041~2070, S3: 2071~2099). The future S3 period of HadGEM2-ES scenario which has the biggest increase in precipitation and temperature showed the largest decrease to 60.2% among the 6 scenarios compared to the historical RSR (1976~2005) 77.3%. In contrast, INM-CM4 scenario which has smallest changes in precipitation and temperature in S3 period showed the smallest decrease to 72.8%. For the CESM1-BGC and MPI-ESM-MR, FGOALS-s2, and HadGEM3-RA, the S3 period RSR showed 72.6%, 72.6%, 67.4%, and 64.5% decrease respectively. The future severe drought condition of RDI3 below -0.25 showed the increase trend for the number and severity up to -2.0 during S3 period.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.446-454
• /
• 2023

The impact of climate change on agriculture is substantial, especially as global warming is projected to lead to varying temperature and humidity patterns in the future. These changes pose a higher risk for both crops and livestock, exposing them to environmental stressors under altered climatic conditions. Specifically, as temperatures are expected to rise, the risk of heat stress is assessable through the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI), derived from temperature and relative humidity data. This study involved the comparison of THI collected from 10 Korea Meteorological Administration ASOS stations spanning a 60-year period from 1961 to 2020. Moreover, high-resolution temperature and humidity distribution data from 1981 to 2020 were employed to generate high-resolution TH I distributions, analyzing temporal changes. Additionally, the number of days characterized by heat stress, derived from TH I, was compared over different time periods. Generally, TH I showed an upward trend over the past, albeit with varying rates across different locations. As TH I increased, the frequency of heat stress days also rose, indicating potential future cost increases in the livestock industry due to heat-related challenges. The findings emphasize the feasibility of evaluating heat stress risk in livestock using THI and underscore the need for research analyzing THI under future climate change scenarios.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.97-108
• /
• 2024

This research delves into the escalating concerns of accidents and fatalities in the construction industry over the recent five-year period, focusing on the development of a Safety Perception Model to augment safety measures. Given the rising percentage of elderly workers and the concurrent drop in productivity within the sector, there is a pronounced need for leveraging Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies to bolster safety protocols. The study comprises an in-depth analysis of statistical data regarding construction-related fatalities, aiming to shed light on prevailing safety challenges. Central to this investigation is the formulation of a Safety Perception Model tailored for small-scale construction projects. This model facilitates the quantification of safety risks by evaluating safety grades across construction sites. Utilizing the DWM1000 module, among an array of wireless communication technologies, the model enables the real-time tracking of worker locations and the assessment of safety levels on-site. Furthermore, the deployment of a safety management system allows for the evaluation of risk levels associated with individual workers. Aggregating these data points, the Safety Climate Index(SCLI) is calculated to depict the daily, weekly, and monthly safety climate of the site, thereby offering insights into the effectiveness of implemented safety measures and identifying areas for continuous improvement. This study is anticipated to significantly contribute to the systematic enhancement of safety and the prevention of accidents on construction sites, fostering an environment of improved productivity and strengthened safety culture through the application of the Safety Perception Model.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2010

This study analyzed the change of flowout and suspend solid in Andong and Imha basin according to the climate change to develop evaluation index about turbid water occurrence possibility and to support the countermeasures for turbid water management using GIS-based Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT). MIROC3.2 hires model values of A1B climate change scenario that were supplied by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were applied to future climage change data. Precipitation and temperature were corrected by applying the output value of 20th Century Climate Coupled Model (20C3M) based on past climate data during 1977 and 2006 and downscaled with Change Factor (CF) method. And future climate change scenarios were classified as three periods (2020s, 2050s, 2080s) and the change of flowout and suspended solid according to the climate change were estimated by coupling modeled value with SWAT model. Flowout and suspended solid of Andong and Imha basin in 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s were simulated as increasing compared with standard year (2006). Also, as the result of seasonal change, flowout and suspended solid of Andong and Imha basin in spring, autumn, and winter showed as increasing compared with standard year. And them of Andong and Imha basin in summer were analyzed as decreasing compared with standard year.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.62-72
• /
• 2017

Spatio-temporal projection of evapotranspiration over croplands would be useful for assessment of climate change impact and development of adaptation strategies in agriculture. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) and dryness index (DI) during rice growing seasons were calculated using climate change scenario data provided by the National Institute of Meteorological Research (NIMR). A data processing tool for gridded climate data files, readGrADSWrapper, was used to calculate PET and DI during the current (1986-2005) and future (2006-2100) periods. Scripts were written to implement the formulas of PET and DI in R, which is an open source statistical data analysis tool. Evapotranspiration in rice fields ($PET_{Rice}$) was also determined using R scripts. The Spatio-temporal patterns of PET differed by regions in Korean Peninsula under current and future climate conditions. Overall, PET and $PET_{Rice}$ tended to increase throughout the $21^{st}$ century. Those results suggested that region-specific water resource managements would be needed to minimize the risk of water loss in the regions where considerable increases in PET would occur under the future climate conditions. For example, a number of provinces classified as a humid region were projected to become a sub-humid region in the future. The Spatio-temporal assessment of water resources based on PET and DI would help the development of climate change adaptation strategies for rice production in the 21st century. In addition, the studies on climate change impact would be facilitated using specialized data tools, e.g., readGrADSWrapper, for geospatial analysis of climate data.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.315-328
• /
• 2004

Recent increase of green house gases may increase the frequency of meteorological extremes. In this study, using the index and meteorological data generated by the Markov chain model under the condition of GCM predictions, the possible width of variability of flood and drought occurrences were predicted. As results, we could find that the frequency of both floods and droughts would be increased to make the water resources planning and management more difficult. Thus, it is recommended to include the effect of climate change on water resources in the related policy making.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.375-385
• /
• 2008

The relationship between two interannual climate variabilities and the frequency of tropical cyclone (TC) that landed over the Korean Peninsula (KP) has investigated for the period of 1951-2004. In the analysis of the relationship between KP-landfall TC frequency and the ENSO phase, most TCs of C-14 (TCs that do not pass through mainland China before landing the KP) and C-23 (TCs that pass through mainland China before landing the KP) tended to more land in the warm phase than normal and cold phases. However, TC intensity at landfall was stronger in the cold and normal phases. In the analysis of the relationship between KP-landfall TC frequency and Arctic Oscillation (AO) phase, the TCs of C-14 tended to more land in the positive (POS) phase of AO and the negative (NEG) phase of AO for C-23. It was found that AO index was negatively correlated with the Ni$\tilde{n}$o-3.4 index. And then the TCs of C-14 landed more frequently over the KP in the AO POS - Ni$\tilde{n}$o-3.4 NEG phases and in the AO NEG - Ni$\tilde{n}$o-3.4 POS phases for the TCs of C-23.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.102-106
• /
• 2013

The intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon has a negative correlation with that of the western North Pacific summer monsoon. Based on the relationship, we suggest the potential predictability of Northeast Asian summer precipitation by using the relationship. The western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) properly represents the intensity of the western North Pacific summer monsoon. It also dominates climate anomalies in the western North Pacific-East Asian region in summertime. The estimates of the Northeast Asian summer rainfall anomalies using WNPSH variability have a greater benefit than those using the western North Pacific monsoon index.