• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.2602-2608
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• 2015

The aim of this research was microbiological hazard analysis which is required to application of HACCP(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) system to chili powder. A processing had been conducted in Yong-Geum Agricultural Production located in Dongnyang-myeon, Chungju-si between January 10, 2014 to June 13, 2014. A manufacturing process chart was prepared by entire level of processing. A changes of microorganism was tested by changing sterilization time in ultraviolet ray sterilization processing which can control microbiological Hazard. As a result, critical Limits is decided as ultraviolet rays lamp $20W{\times}12EA$, sterilization $63{\pm}3$ min of each. The result of the microorganism test after ultraviolet ray sterilization was safe. On the other hand, a microorganism test of manufacturing environment and workers suggested that the microbiological hazard should be reduced through systematic cleaning and disinfection accompanied by personal hygiene based on hygiene education on workers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2004

This study was conducted to redesign hotel robes based on Korean images. Hotel robes are furnished at many Korean hotels to increase the level of their guests' satisfaction toward their hotel services. The current hotel robe has several flaws in utility and design. Also, the robes register a low level on guests' satisfaction while generating high cleaning cost. Consequently, improvements in the hotel robes' material, motifs, style, and color were needed. The current one-piece, cotton towel weave robes used in hotels are white and pale. Half of the hotel guests never wear the hotel robes during their stay, because they are unattractive and most Korean hotels provide a robe similar in design. Furthermore, these robes are undistinguishable from those found at other countries. Nevertheless, Korean hotel managers feel that the hotel robe is an important tool to express its hotel image and to increase guests' satisfaction of their services. Most hotel managers and consumers agreed that it is necessary to design hotel robes based on Korean images. They believe that redesigning the hotel robes based on Korean images would induce hotel guests to wear them and at the same time feel part of the Korean traditional culture. The Korean traditional motifs of Taegug, Un (cloud), JuJag (phoenix), and Kumkwan (gold crown) were used in the new design of the hotel robes. The style of new hotel robes is the Korean traditional Pho of the Three Kingdoms. The colors of new hotel robes are white and pink. Forty-three examiners evaluated the newly designed robes for their aesthetic, symbolic and distinctional values. They concurred that the new robes were much better than the current ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.218-229
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• 2011

Dyeing properties of cotton and ramie fabrics with pine needles colorants were studied by investigating the analysis of pine needles colorants, the effect of dyeing conditions (such as dye concentration, dyeing temperatures and times on dye uptakes), effect of mordants, and color change. The various colorfastness of dyed fabrics were evaluated for practical use; in addition, the antimicrobial ability, ultraviolet-cut ability, and deodorant ability were estimated. In the UV-Visible spectrum, the wavelength of the maximum absorption for pine needles extract was 285nm, and pine needles colorants produced a yellow color. From FT-IR and GC-MS results, it was assumed that chromophoric substance from pine needles extracts were mixed with flavonol tannin and flavanol tannin. An increased dyeing concentration resulted in a larger dye uptake and a Freundlich absorption isotherm was obtained. A larger dye uptake occurred as the dyeing time and temperature increased. Post-mordanting was more effective than pre-mordanting and the dye uptake of fabrics improved by mordanting. The colorfastness of dyed fabrics showed a low rating; however, colorfastness to washing and dry cleaning of cotton fabrics mordanted with N.Cu, and friction fastness of ramie fabric mordanted with Cu improved. The dyed fabrics showed very good antimicrobial abilities of 99.9%. In addition, the ultraviolet-cut ability and deodorant ability improved in fabrics dyed with pine needles extracts.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-64
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to measure performance of university libraries, especially investigating the components of service quality and their relationship to the customer satisfaction. The result of the statistical analyses is summarized as follows： The result of 5 point scale study shows the following degree of satisfaction in 55 components： timeliness of circulation, processing of fine. location of library, usefulness of retrieval system, library user education, speed of retrieval. number of terminals, and cleaning. On the other hand, shows the following degree of dissatisfaction in 55 components： speed of civil petitions, hour for program use, result of civil petitions, fixing of library user education, speed of retrieval, method of public relation, waiting time for Internet use, and use of the other library materials. Also. customers’matters of weight and importance was availability. learning facilities, suitable collections, circulation, and system of retrieval.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.217-227
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• 2007

This study aims to help improving the quality of military food service as identifying awareness, attitudes and satisfaction of cooking soldier on their duties and providing basic data to find out alternatives on the basis of identified data. The analysis results are described as follows. For general demographics of subjects, sergeants consisted of the highest percentage of population as 38.8% in terms of the rank. For educational background, the percentage of graduates or college students was 82.5%. For the characteristics of job performance of cooking soldier, those who studied entirely different courses from cookery and became to work as cooking soldier were 92(89.3%) of total subjects. For the question why they became to work as cooking soldier, the response that they didn't know the reason showed the highest percentage as 63.1%. Those who selected cooking soldier because they were interested in cookery were only 25.2%. And 94.2% of the population had no certificates related to cookery. With respect to awareness on training period to carry on duties as cooking soldier, 3 months were selected as the most appropriate period as 36.9%. In accordance with research on job percentage of cooking soldier, 'cleaning and washing' consisted of the highest percentage among ordinary duties as 16.8%, followed by 'cooking' as 12.3% and 'food dispensing' as 11.8%. This study suggests as follows on the basis of the results of this researches. Cooking soldier requires expertise, but the privates with short period of service are discharged from military service when they are accustomed to their duties and become experts. Accordingly, the cooking soldier system could not achieve more than its ordinary performance. Therefore, it is required to post non-commissioned officers who can serve for a long time as the special resources.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1129-1140
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• 2009

The pine needles has been used as medicines and it is using as dyeing as well as food. It is distributed through 50% in Korean forest. The pine needles is related to antimicrobial activity, however, dyeing properties of the extract components and effects of them are not well known yet. To examine dyeing properties of the pine needles extract, various fabrics(nylon, silk, wool, and soybean) were dyed under different dyeing conditions, and mordanted with one of five mordants(Al, Sn, Fe, Cr, and Cu). Dye uptake, Colors and Colorfastness of the dyed fabrics were measured. By the K/S values, dye uptake of all the dyed fabrics enhanced as increasing dyeing temperature and dyeing time. The highest K/S values were obtained from the protein fiber(wool and silk) fabrics dyed with water extract at $100^{\circ}C$, and with ethanol extract at $90^{\circ}C$ for 80 minutes. Colors of the dyed fabrics showed variety of yellow, brown and green colors. Colors changed by using Cu, Fe and Cr mordants: Cr-mordanted fabrics into light green, Fe-mordanted fabrics into reddish brown, and Cu-mordanted fabrics into deep green in ethanol extraction. Dry-cleaning fastness of the dyed fabrics presented good to excellent except wool fabrics dyed with ethanol extract. Washing fastness of the dyed nylon and soybean fabrics were good to excellent but wool and silk fabrics showed average grades. Most dyed fabrics were poor to light fastness.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.216-224
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• 2009

This study was accomplished to examine the dyeing property and functionality of both cotton and silk fabrics dyed with clove extract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dyeing property, antibiosis, and sun protection effectiveness for a clove. The study method used in this study was the experimental research to extract dyestuffs from a clove, to treat dyestuffs with a mordant, and then to measure dyeing colorfastness, antibiosis, and sun protection for dyed fabrics. As a result of the test for dyeing colorfastness, in the case of colorfastness to laundry, the degree of discoloration showed grade $1\sim4$ and the degree of pollution showed grade $4\sim5$. Colorfastness to perspiration for both cotton and silk fabrics dyed showed grade $1\sim2$ to $4\sim5$. Colorfastness to sunlight showed grade 2 to $4\sim5$. Colorfastness to rubbing showed grade $3\sim4$ to $4\sim5$. In the colorfastness to dry cleaning, the degree of discoloration showed grade $3\sim4$ and the degree of pollution showed grade $4\sim5$. As a result of the antibiosis test, for the Staphylococcus aureus, both cotton and silk showed the bacteria reduction rate of 99.9% even after five times laundry, and for the Escherichia coli, cotton fabrics showed the bacteria reduction rate of 99.9% only after one time laundry, but silk fabrics showed the bacteria reduction rate of 99.9% even after five times laundry. As a result of the test for sun protection effectiveness, dyed silk fabrics showed the result more excellent than dyed cotton fabrics.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.575-582
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• 2009

The coffee has been used as drink in the world and it has been using not only food but also dyeing. It can be used for four seasons in our normal living and it can be taken friendly everywhere. The coffee consists of about 8${\sim}$10% phenol(chlorogenic acid) that related to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. However, its exact components and the dyeing property effects has not been well known yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the dyeing property and ultraviolet-cut ability of silk and nylon fabrics that was dyed variously with coffee extracts. Coffee extracts were done by boiling coffee with distilled water at $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. As mordanting agent, we used $AlK(SO_4)_2$ $12H_2O$, $CuSO_4$ $5H_2O$, $FeCl_2$ $4H_2O$. As the result of the dyeing properties and ultraviolet-cut ability of fabrics dyed with coffee bean extracts, we can find that the optimum dyeing temperature and dyeing time of the silk and nylon fabrics dyed with coffee bean extracts was $90^{\circ}C$, 60 min. and the colorfastness of washing and dry-cleaning was improved by using mordanting agent(4${\sim}$5 grade). Ultraviolet-cut ability was showed more 90% in dyed nylon fabrics.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.355-364
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• 2001

In order to evaluate and finally optimize the vitrification condition for combustible dry active waste (DAW), dust and gas generation characteristics were investigated for PE, cellulose, and mixed waste Tests were conducted by varying the operation variables such as melter configuration, excess oxygen amount, and waste feeding rate. Results showed that dust generation characteristics were affected by the operation parameters and the melter＇s configuration is the dominant one. For all tested DAWs, dust generation was reduced by increasing the waste feeding rate and the excessive oxygen amount in the melter. Among waste types, dust amount was decreased by the order of mixed wastes, PE, and cellulose. Other parameters such as temperature variation and operation time have also affected the dust generation. The optimum condition for the DAW vitrification was determined as the melter＇s configuration equipped for minimizing the waste dispersion with 20 kg/h of waste feeding rate and 100% of excessive oxygen supply. CO gas concentration in the off-gas was immediately influenced by the combustion state in the melter, but showed similar trend as the dust generation. For the NOx production during the vitrification process, thermal NOx, which is generated from the Post Combustion Chamber (PCC), rather than fuel NOx was assumed to be dominant. The gas cleaning of efficiencies of the PCC, wet scrubber, and Selective Catalytic Reduction system (SCR) were found to be high enough to keep the concentration of pollutants (CO, NOx, SOx, HCI) in the stack below their relevant emission limits.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.475-484
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the nutrition education on preschool children's nutrition knowledge and behaviors. The study subjects were preschool children attending J kindergarten located in Wonju. Each of the control group and the education group consisted of 49 children and the education group was exposed to nutrition education while the control group did not. The nutrition education intervention lasted 9 weeks weekly basis. The t-test for the homogeneity of each group showed no meaningful difference at the beginning point of nutrition education. After nutrition education a test of nutrition knowledge using picture-questionnaire was carried out by the researcher for the subjects of education group and control group and the caretakers of the education group were offered self-administered questionnaire on the changes in children's dietary behaviors. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Nutrition education intervention showed a meaningful difference in children's understanding nutrition; the kinds and function of food, the relationship between food and body, the function of nutrients and enhanced their idea on hygiene compared to the control group (p < p.005). 2. However, nutrition education intervention made no statistically meaningful difference in children's dietary behaviors such as having breakfast, keeping balanced diet, washing hands before meals, saying "thanks" before and after meals, cleaning the table after meals, brushing teeth after meals and so on. Therefore, we found that it is hard to expect children to correct their dietary behaviors in such a short period of 9 weeks and nutrition education for preschool children should be offered to caretakers at the same time.