• 복식
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• 제60권7호
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• pp.88-102
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• 2010

The research examines the characteristics of the sewing methods used for women's Jeogori in modern Korea. The results are following. In the 1920s sewing of shoulder parts was started, and in the 1930s sewing by hand had reduced by dissemination of sewing-machine, and in the 1940s the Som-jeogori declined by the matter of economic and sanitary issues. In the 1950s four-fold sewing emerged, and during the 1960s the gause-lined triple-layered Jeogori was in fashion, and in the 1970s the Ggaeggi-jeogori and much elaborated Jeogori became in vogue. The characteristics of the sewing methods are changed by following factors. First, the dissemination of sewing-machine in the 1930's enabled fast and precise sewing of Jeogori which reduced the rate of clothes mending and the production period. Second, by development of washing method, the dry cleaning became common, resulting cleaner washing and better preservation. Third, introduction of western clothes gave rise to modernized Han-bok which was changed into practical and simple one. Fourth, by the introduction of synthetic textile and industry development, Jeogori with no armhole line or right Seop line was made using wide selection of textiles. Fifth, in 1945~60s, women learned' good wife and wise mother' education and the use of sewing machine in school. The clothing lifestyle affected the sewing method's change, for example, clothes sewed strongly by sewing machine not to take clothes apart, and attaching button instead of Go-reum to save clothes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2016

모듈러 제품 설계는 유연한 제품 수정, 제품 개발 및 생산 리드타임 감소, 제품의 다양성 증대와 같은 많은 장점들이 있다. 모듈러 제품 설계의 목적은 여러 개의 모듈들로 구성된 제품의 아키텍쳐를 효율적으로 개발하는 것인데, 이들 모듈들은 컴포넌트들 간 물리적, 기능적 상호관계 분석을 토대로 컴포넌트들 간의 유사성을 최대화함으로써 만들어 질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 모듈러 제품 설계의 핵심 작업인 모듈화를 위하여 3개 단계로 이뤄진 체계적인 절차를 제시하고자 한다. 첫 번째 단계는 컴포넌트들 간 물리적, 기능적 상호관계 분석을 통한 컴포넌트들 간 상관 관계 매트릭스를 구성하는 것이고, 두 번째 단계는 컴포넌트들 간 상관 관계를 최대화하는 컴포넌트들의 군집들을 찾아내기 위하여 네트워크 흐름으로 모델링하는 것이다. 마지막으로 세 번째 단계에서는 선형 계획 모형인 네트워크 흐름 모델을 풀어서 컴포넌트들의 군집들을 찾아내고 이들을 모듈화 하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 제시한 절차의 이해와 실제 적용을 위하여 진공 청소기 모듈화 사례에 적용해 보고 절차의 타당성을 보여준다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.179-199
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on oral hygiene of the elderly and to assess the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem among the elderly, and to contribute to successful enhancement of life in their declining years. Methods: The author surveyed the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem to 192 elderly at a health center of Busan using structured self- administered questionnaire from Nov. 2nd 2009 to Feb. 10th 2010. Collected data were analysed by SPSS WIN 18.0 statistical program for frequency, percentage production, ${\chi}^2$ (Chi-square) verification, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Logistic Regression. Results: The distribution of total subjects by oral health behaviors were 56.8% for "have ever trained how to tooth brushing", 76.6% for "correctly performed tooth brushing by himself ", 71.8% for "tooth brushing a day is two times and less", 87.5% for "it doesn't tooth brushing in meals and after" and 53.6% for "it doesn't use the facility for oral health", respectively. The distribution of total subjects by the state of perceived oral health were 51.0% for "feel the oral discomfort", 51.6% for "feel the comfortable chewing on starchy food", respectively. The mean point of perceived oral health by general characteristics of total subjects were statistically significant difference in sex, type of medical insurance, smoke, exercise, and chronic disease. The mean point of perceived oral health by oral health behaviors of total subjects were statistically significant difference in educational experience on tooth brushing, recognition for tooth brushing by himself, tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning. The risk factors of perceived oral health were type of medical insurance and chronic disease in general characteristics, tooth brushing in meals and after and tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning in oral health behaviors. Conclusion: The author recommend to the prevention of chronic disease, carry out the tooth brushing in meals and after, three times and over tooth brushing a day and tongue cleaning for oral health. and the author consider that it need to prepare the active countermeasure to oral health such as reeducation for oral health and supply to the tongue cleaner.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2014

The practice of sustainability is an important subject to integrate into the management, product planning, manufacturing by textile and fashion companies as well as consumption by end-users. This study shows an evaluation scale designed to assess the practical cases in order to suggest efficient and systematic methods to fulfill the practice of sustainability in textile and fashion companies. First, companies should practice environmental sustainability to use eco-friendly material and cleaner production, protect the environment, and save natural resources. Second, social sustainability is required to fulfill social responsibility and ethical needs. Third, companies should perform various innovative activities, transparency in management, fair competition and economic contribution in the local community in order to maintain economic sustainability to survive in industry. Finally, cultural sustainability should be fulfilled by textile and fashion companies as part of the intellectual-cultural industry in a way that increases the importance of ethnic and cultural diversity. Textile and fashion companies should fulfill four environmental, social, and economic cultural sustainable subjects in a balanced method to accomplish sustainability. The concerns and practices of environmental sustainability are comparatively highly rated due to the analysis of the evaluation scale. However, cultural sustainability (a need of the times) is poorly rated and needs more attention. Therefore, the evaluation scale can be used as a standard tool to fulfill the sustainability of companies and brands from the viewpoint of improving poor and insufficiently sustainable items as well as balancing sustainability management.

• 청정기술
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.325-328
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• 2011

플로렌 구조를 가진 다양한 아크릴계 에폭시 고분자화합물 합성의 전구물질인 9, 9'-비스[4-(2'-하이드록시-3'-아크릴로일옥시프로폭시)페닐]플루오렌 (3)에 대한 원자 효율적 (atom-efficient) 제조방법을 연구하였다. 사차 암모늄 또는 인산염을 촉매를 사용하여 9, 9'-비스[4-(글라이시딜옥시)페닐]플루오렌 (1)을 아크릴산과 개환 에스터화의 효율적 반응을 통하여 9, 9'-비스[4-(2'-하이드록시-3'-아크릴로일옥시프로폭시)페닐]플루오렌 (3)을 높은 수율로 얻을 수 있었다. 알킬 사차염의 종류와 반응조건이 반응에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사한 결과, 촉매의 종류가 반응에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 브롬화사부틸인 촉매(3 mol%) 존재 하에 플로레닐에폭사이드를 아크릴산과 $110^{\circ}C$에서 반응시켰을 때 원하는 생성물을 90% 수율로 얻을 수 있었다. 이 반응은 반응물질 사용량과 화학적 폐기물의 생성량을 최소화한 청정반응이다.

• 청정기술
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.232-241
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• 2008

EU의 WEEE 지침에는 전기전자제품의 생산자들이 반드시 달성하여야 하는 재활용률과 재생률의 목표치가 설정되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 전기전자제품의 생산자들이 개발되는 제품의 재활용가능률과 재생가능률을 산정해 보는데 필요한 부품과 소재들의 재활용률과 재생률의 기준을 만들어 보았다. 먼저 전기전자제품의 재활용공정과 부품 및 소재별 재활용 및 재생특성을 분석해 보았으며, 유럽 현지 업체들의 처리결과에 따른 재활용률과 관련된 자료들을 조사하여 분석하였다. 이러한 결과로 작성된 재활용률과 재생률 DB는 유럽의 전문가의 의견을 반영하여 개선하였다.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2005

The evaporation heat transfer coefficient of $CO_2$ (R-744) in a horizontal tube was investigated experimentally. The experiments were conducted without oil in a closed refrigerant loop which was driven by a magnetic gear pump. The main components of the refrigerant loop are a receiver, a variable-speed pump, a mass flow meter, a pre-heater and evaporator (test section). The test section consists of a smooth horizontal stainless steel tube of 7.75 mm inner diameter. The experiments were conducted at mass flux of 200 to $500kg/m^2s$, saturation temperature of $-5^{\circ}C\;to\;5^{\circ}C$, and heat flux of 10 to $40kW/m^2$. The test results showed the evaporation heat transfer of $CO_2$ has greater effect on nucleate boiling than convective boiling. The evaporation heat transfer coefficient of $CO_2$ is highly dependent on the vapor quality, heat flux and saturation temperature. The evaporation heat transfer coefficient of $CO_2$ is very larger than that of R-22 and R-134a. In comparison with test results and existing correlations, the best fit of the present experimental data is obtained with the correlation of Jung et al. But the existing correlations failed to predict the evaporation heat transfer coefficient of $CO_2$. Therefore, it is necessary to develop reliable and accurate predictions determining the evaporation heat transfer coefficient of $CO_2$ in a horizontal tube.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.407-417
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• 2021

This study aims to establish the relationship between the Green Marketing Orientation (GMO) variables and the performance of Green Small and Medium Enterprises (GSMEs) across the building and energy sectors in Malaysia, using customer satisfaction as a means of performance measurement. The GMO variables examined include Greening the Process (GTP), Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), Green Strategic Policy Initiatives (GSPI), Proactive Energy Conservation (PEC) and Green Promotion (GP). The items used to measure these variables were extracted from literature and adapted to the context of the variables based on feedback from Focus Group Discussions and Expert Opinion sessions. This study employs a survey sample of 300 respondents but only 238 completed questionnaires were returned. The results reveal that GTP, GSCM and PEC have a positive impact on Customer Satisfaction but not GSPI and GP. The findings suggest that owners or managers of GSMEs should focus on maintaining and improving GTP, GSCM and PEC in order to create greater satisfaction among their customers. The significance of this study is that it enables the creation of a framework that enables GSMEs to design a pathway towards achieving a cleaner production of goods and services in line with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

• 청정기술
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2009

EU의 WEEE 지침에서는 전기전자제품의 생산자들이 반드시 달성하여야 하는 재활용률과 재생률의 목표치를 설정해 놓았다. 하지만 어떻게 재활용률과 재생률을 계산해야 하는지는 규정하지 않았다. 생산자의 입장에서는 설계단계에서 제품의 폐기단계에서의 재활용률과 재생률을 예측하고 결과를 설계의 개선에 반영하기 위하여 제품의 재활용가능률과 재생가능률을 산정해 볼 수 있는 표준방법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전기전자제품의 생산자들이 개발되는 제품의 재활용가능률 및 재생가능률을 산정할 수 있는 방법들을 조사하고 폐기단계에서의 재활용률과 재생률과 유사한 결과를 얻을 수 있는 재활용가능률과 재생가능률의 산정방법을 개발하였다. 개발된 방법은 여러 가지 종류의 가전제품에 적용하여 결과를 검정해 보았다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2024

Recently, extensive studies have been carried out to enhance various performance aspects such as the durability, lifespan, and hardness by combining diverse materials or developing novel materials. The utilization of superhydrophobic surfaces, particularly in the automotive, textile, and medical device industries, has gained momentum to achieve improved performance and efficiency. Superhydrophobicity refers to a surface state where the contact angle when water droplets fall is above 150°, while the contact angle during sliding motion is smaller than 10°. Superhydrophobic surfaces offer the advantage of water droplets not easily sliding off, maintaining a cleaner state as the droplets leave the surface. Surface modification involves two fundamental steps to achieve superhydrophobicity: surface roughness increase and surface energy reduction. However, existing methods, such as time-consuming processes and toxic organic precursors, still face challenges. In this study, we propose a method for superhydrophobic surface modification using lasers, aiming to create roughness in micro/nanostructures, ensuring durability while improving the production time and ease of fabrication. The mechanical durability of superhydrophobic samples treated with lasers is comparatively evaluated against chemical etching samples. The experimental results demonstrate superior mechanical durability through the laser treatment. Therefore, this research provides an effective and practical approach to superhydrophobic surface modification, highlighting the utility of laser treatment.