• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.57-75
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• 2020

본고는 1960년 동시대 제작된 한국영화 두 편 <하녀>와 <마부>의 이미지를 바탕으로 계층에 따라 근대화 전이과정에서 나타난 교차징후의 상징성에 관해 탐구하였다. 이에 표현방식과 주제를 다루는 부분에서 사회적 계층의 확연한 차이를 보이는 <하녀>(1960)와 <마부>(1961)를 대상으로 영화가 재현하고 있는 근대화 전이과정의 혼재된 양상은 어떠한 형상을 취하고 재현을 통해 영화가 던져주는 당시의 메시지를 살펴보았다. 영화 <하녀>는 새로운 계층으로 등장한 중산층의 내면을 관찰자의 시선으로 바라보며 억압과 욕망으로 인해 해체양상을 드러낸 집단의 이면을 상징적으로 표현하면서 새로운 인식을 만들었다. 반면 <마부>는 사실적 묘사를 바탕으로 빈민층이 겪는 고단한 삶 속의 고통과 희망의 충돌을 보여주면서 주체성을 상실한 구성원들에게 새로운 인식으로 표현했다. 결국 두 편의 영화는 당시 근대화의 유입에 따른 혼재된 상황, 즉 구질서와 새로운 질서 사이에서 발생하는 충돌적 징후들로 인하여 생산되는 사회적 모순에 의한 사회문제에 대하여 우리에게 재인식의 기회를 제공한다고 볼 수 있다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2012

The ovarian cycle, the biological minimum size, and artificial spawning frequency by artificial spawning induction of the female hard clam, Meretrix petechialis, were investigated by histological observations and morphometric data. The ovarian cycle of this species can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage, late active stage, ripe stage, partially spawned stage, and spent/inactive stage. The spawning period was from June to September, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the seawater temperature exceeds over $20^{\circ}C$. The biological minimum size (shell length at 50% of first sexual maturity) in females were 40.39 mm in shell length (considered to be two years of age), and all clams over 50.1 mm in shell length sexually matured. In this study, the mean number of the spawned eggs by spawning induction increased with the increase of size (shell length) classes. In case of artificial spawning induction for the clams > 40.39 mm, the number of spawned eggs from the clams of a sized class was gradually decreased with the increase of the number of the spawning frequencies (the first, second, and third spawning). In the experiments of artificial spawning induction during the spawning season, the interval of each spawning of this species was estimated to be 15-18 days (approximately 17 days).

• 디자인학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2005

창의와 창조는 그 용례를 볼 때 큰 의미 구분 없이 사용되는 것이 일반적인 경향이다. 하지만 창의는 발상을, 창조는 과정을 의미하는 것으로서, 창의는 직관적인 것을 중시하는 반면 창조는 논리와 직관이 모두 중요한 요소이다. 직관은 그 과정을 알기 어렵고 직관이 일어나기 쉬운 조건을 형성하는 것으로 알려져 있는 반면 논리는 명확하다. 그로부터 창조를 제대로 알 수 없는 미지의 것으로 취급하고, 자신과 거리를 두는 일반적인 관행에서 벗어날 수 있는 근거를 발견할 수 있다. 창조의 과정은 일반적인 문제해결과정과 같은 개념으로 볼 수 있으며 그 핵심에 디자인이 존재한다. 디자이너는 문제해결과정을 학습하고 많은 프로젝트를 통하여 그 실행방법을 체득하기 때문에 디자이너를 창조자라 불러도 무방할 것이다. 현재 일반인은 물론 디자이너들까지 디자인을 형상 만들기로 보는 디자인 인식은 소프트웨어라는 강력한 도구가 등장하고 복제가 자연스러운 것이 되어버린 디지털 시대에서 더 이상 의미를 가지지 못한다. 이제 디자인은 디자인 본연의 '개념화', '촉매작용', '시각화'의 3가지 능력을 바탕으로 '창조의 방법론'으로 자리잡아야 한다.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2015

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is critical for the triggering of innate immune response by recognizing the conserved molecular patterns of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses and mediated antigenic adaptive immunity. To understand how TLR7 distinguish pathogen-derived molecular patterns from the host self, it is essential to be able to identify TLR7 receptor interaction interfaces, such as active sites or R848-agonist binding sites. The functional interfaces of TLR7 can serve as targets for structure-based drug design in studying the TLR7 receptor's structure-function relationship. In contrast to mammalian TLR7, chicken TLR7 (chTLR7) is unknown for its important biological function. Therefore, it has been targeted to mediate contrasting evolutionary patterns of positive selection into non-synonymous SNPs across eleven species using TLR7 conservation patterns (evolutionary conserved and class-specific trace residues), where protein sequence differences to the TLR7 receptors of interest record mutation that have passed positive section across the species. In this study, we characterized the Lys609 residue on chTLR7-ECD homodimer interfaces to reflect the current tendency of evolving positive selection to be transfer into a stabilization direction of the R848-agonist/chTLR7-ECDs complex under the phylogenetically variable position across species and we suggest a potential indicator for contrasting evolutionary patterns of both the species TLR-ECDs.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2017

Xenotransplantation is proposed as a solution to the problem of organ shortage. However, transplantation of xenogeneic organs induces an antigen-antibody reaction in ${\alpha}$-1,3-gal structure that are not present in humans and primates, and thus complement is also activated and organs die within minutes or hours. In this study, we used FasL gene, which is involved in the immune response of NK cell, and US11, which suppresses MHC Class I cell membrane surface expression, to inhibit cell mediated rejection in the interspecific immunity rejection, and also hDAF(CD55) was introduced to confirm the response to C3 complement. These genes were tranfeced into Korean native pig fetal fibroblasts using pCAGGS vector. And cytotoxicity of NK cell and human complement was confirmed in each cell line. The US11 inhibited the cytotoxicity of NK cell and, in addition, the simultaneous expression of US11 and Fas ligand showed excellent suppress to T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity, hDAF showed weak resistance to cytotoxicity of natural killer cell but not in CD8+ CTLs. Cytotoxicity study with human complement showed that hDAF was effective for reducing complement reaction. In this studies have demonstrated that each gene is effective in reducing immune rejection.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2005

Reproductive cycle with the gonadal phases, first sexual maturity, artificial spawning amount by the size and spawning interval of the hard clam, Meretrix lusoria were investigated by histological observations and morphometric data by artificial spawning induction. Meretrix lusoria is dioecious and oviparous. The reproductive cycle of this species can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage (January to March), late active stage (February to May), ripe stage (April to August), partially spawned stage (June to September), and spent/inactive stage (September to February). The spawning period was from June to September, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the seawater temperature exceeds over $20^{\circ}C$. Percentage of first sexual maturity of female and male clams ranging from 40.0 to 45.0 mm in shell length was over 50%, and all clams over 50.0 mm in shell length sexually matured. Female and male clams ranging from 40.0 to 45.0 mm in shell length are considered to be two years old. Therefore, we assume that the hard clams of both sexes begin reproduction from two years of age. The mean number of the spawned eggs increased with the increase of size (shell length) classes. In case of artificial spawning induction, the number of spawned eggs from the clams of a sized class was gradually decreased with the increase of the number of the spawning frequencies (the first, second, and third spawnings). In the experiments of artificial spawning induction during the spawning season, the interval of each spawning was estimated to be 15-18 days (average 17 days).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3977-3982
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• 2012

Inhibitors of histone deacetylase activity are emerging as a potentially important new class of anticancer agents. In this study, we assessed the anticancer effects of valproic acid (VPA) on ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cultured SKOV3 cells were treated by VPA with different concentrations and time, then the effects on cell growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, and related events were investigated. A human ovarian cancer model transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice was established, and the efficacy of VPA used alone and in combination with diammine dichloroplatinum (DDP) to inhibit the growth of tumors was also assessed. Proliferation of SKOV3 cells was inhibited by VPA in a dose and time dependent fashion. The cell cycle distribution changed one treatment with VPA, with decrease in the number of S-phase cells and increase in G1-phase. VPA could significantly inhibit the growth of the epithelial ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in vivo without toxic side effects. Treatment with VPA combined with DDP demonstrated enhanced anticancer effects. The result of flow cytometry (FCM) indicated that after VPA in vitro and in vivo, the expression of E-cadherin was increased whereas vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were decreased. This study suggests that VPA could be a novel attractive agent for treatment of ovarian cancer.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2009

The glycoprotein hormone family represents a class of heterodimers, that includes the placental hormone equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and the anterior pituitary hormones- follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), and thyrotropin (TSH). The 4 hormones are heterodimers, with a common $\alpha$-subunit and unique $\beta$-subunits. eCG is the most heavily glycosylated of the known pituitary and placental glycoprotein hormones. Recent observations using single chain glycoprotein hormone analogs in which, the $\beta$-and $\alpha$-subunits are linked, implied that heterodimeric-like quaternary configuration is not a prerequisite for receptor/signal transduction. To study the function and signal transduction of tethered rec-eCG, a single chain eCG molecule was constructed and rec-eCG protein was produced. Molecular mass of the single chain is about 45 kDa. All mice were ovulated by tethered rec-eCG treatment. The dual activity of tethered rec-eCG was determined in receptor cell lines of nonequid species; in fact, this dual activity was proven in species other than horse. Tethered rec-eCG in equids does not bind to FSH receptors, suggesting that eCG is primarily an LH-like hormone in the horse. Taken together, these data suggest that tethered rec-eCG has dual activity in nonequid species in vitro. However, it has only LH-like activity in equid species in vitro.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.163-170
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• 1997

Some CMP gathers acquired from shallow marine seismic reflection survey in offshore Korea do not show the hyperbolic trend of moveout. It originated from so-called swell effect of source and streamer, which are towed under rough sea surface during the data acquisition. The observed time deviations of NMO-corrected traces can be entirely ascribed to the swell effect. To correct these time deviations, a residual statics is introduced using Genetic Algorithms (GA) into the swell correction. A new class of global optimization methods known as GA has recently been developed in the field of Artificial Intelligence and has a resemblance with the genetic evolution of biological systems. The basic idea in using GA as an optimization method is to represent a population of possible solutions or models in a chromosome-type encoding and manipulate these encoded models through simulated reproduction, crossover and mutation. GA parameters used in this paper are as follows: population size Q=40, probability of multiple-point crossover P$_c$=0.6, linear relationship of mutation probability P$_m$ from 0.002 to 0.004, and gray code representation are adopted. The number of the model participating in tournament selection (nt) is 3, and the number of expected copies desired for the best population member in the scaling of fitness is 1.5. With above parameters, an optimization run was iterated for 101 generations. The combination of above parameters are found to be optimal for the convergence of the algorithm. The resulting reflection events in every NMO-corrected CMP gather show good alignment and enhanced quality stack section.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2022

디지털 세상에서 불균형 데이터에 대한 클래스 분포는 중요한 부분이며 사이버 보안에 큰 의미를 차지한다. 불균형 데이터의 비정상적인 활동을 찾고 문제를 해결해야 한다. 모든 트랜잭션의 패턴을 추적할 수 있는 시스템이 필요하지만, 일반적으로 패턴이 비정상인 불균형 데이터로 기계학습을 하면 소수 계층에 대한 성능은 무시되고 저하되며 예측 모델은 부정확하게 편향될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 불균형 데이터 세트를 해결하기 위한 접근 방식으로 Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique(SMOTE)와 Light GBM 알고리즘을 이용하여 추정치를 결합하여 대상 변수를 예측하고 정확도를 향상시켰다. 실험 결과는 Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, KNN, Random Forest, XGBoost 알고리즘과 비교하였다. 정확도, 재현율에서는 성능이 모두 비슷했으나 정밀도에서는 2개의 알고리즘 Random Forest 80.76%, Light GBM 97.16% 성능이 나왔고, F1-score에서는 Random Forest 84.67%, Light GBM 91.96% 성능이 나왔다. 이 실험 결과로 Light GBM은 성능이 5개의 알고리즘과 비교하여 편차없이 비슷하거나 최대 16% 향상됨을 접근 방식으로 확인할 수 있었다.