• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.723-733
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• 2011

On the general fishing boat in the same person of the fishing Chief and the Captain, the fishing chief positions are not separately. In this case, in Civil, Criminal and Administrative law, does not cause any problems. Just he take only responsibility for the legal effect of each, this is a natural solution for the effects of laws. But, if make one work unit, the fishing chief take fishing work from the position of the dominant of the captain, and moreover throughout the voyage work commands the captain. Such fishing chief center structure have roots institutive. In the case, according to legal liability by presenting solutions to the problem are as follows : firstly, The legal division Of the Sailing courses and operation course are necessary. Secondly, In the adminstrative ship official law, obligatory acquisition of the fishing Chief marine engineer qualification is necessary.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2019

A three-step screening process is presented in this article for selection of consistent earthquake records in which number of suitable ground motions is quickly screened and reduced to a handful number. Records that remain at the end of this screening process considerably reduce the dispersion of structural responses. Then, an effective method is presented for spectral matching and modification of the selected records. Dispersion of structural responses is explored using different statistical measures for each scaling procedure. It is shown that the Uniform Design Method, presented in this study for scaling of earthquake records, results in most cases in the least dispersion measure.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.759-767
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• 2003

This paper presents the simplified but more rational analysis method for the prediction of additional internal forces induced in integral abutment bridges. These internal forces depend upon the degree of restraint provided tc the deck by the backfill soil adjacent to the abutments and piles. In addition, effect of the relative flexural stiffness ratio among pile foundations, abutment, and superstructure on the structural behavior is also an important factor. The first part of the paper develops the stiffness matrices, written in terms of the soil stiffness, for the lateral and rotational restraints provided by the backfill soil adjacent to the abutment. The finite difference analysis is conducted and it is confirmed that the results are agreed well with the predictions obtained by the proposed method. The simplified spring model is used in the parametric study on the behavior of simple span and multi-span continuous integral abutment PSC beam bridges in which the abutment height and the flexural rigidity of piles are varied. These results are compared with those obtained by loading Rankine passive earth pressure according to the conventional method. From the results of parametric study, it was shown that the abutment height, the relative flexural rigidity of superstructure and piles, and the earth pressure induced by temperature change greatly affect the overall structural response of the bridge system. It may be possible to obtain more rational and economical designs for integral abutment bridges by the proposed method.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.567-576
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• 2017

Structural failures are undesirable events that devastate the construction industry resulting in loss of life, injury, huge property loss, and also affect the economy of the region. Roof truss failures occur mainly due to excessive loading, improper fabrication, deterioration, inadequate repair, etc. Although very rare, a roof truss may even fail due to inappropriate location of supports. One such case was reported from the recent failure of a steel roof truss used in an indoor stadium at Kargil in India. Kargil region, being mountainous in nature, receives heavy snowfall and hence the steel roof trusses are designed for heavy snow loads. Due to inappropriate support location, the indoor stadium's steel roof truss had failed under heavy snow load for which it was designed and became an interesting structural engineering problem. The failure observed was primarily in terms of yielding of the bottom chord under the supports, leading to partial collapse of the roof truss. This paper summarizes the results of laboratory tests and analytical studies that focused on the validation of the proposed remedial measure for rehabilitating this distressed steel roof truss. The study presents the evaluation of (i) significant reduction in strength and stiffness of the distressed truss resulting in its failure, (ii) desired recovery in both strength and stiffness of the rectified truss contributed by the proposed remedial measure. Three types of models i.e., ideal truss model, as build truss model and rectified truss model were fabricated and tested under monotonic loading. The structural configuration and support condition varied in all the three models to represent the ideal truss, distressed truss and the rectified truss. To verify the accuracy of the experimental results, an analytical study was carried out and the results of this analytical study are compared with the experimental ones.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2022

One of the instances which demand structural engineer's greatest attention and upgradation is the changing live load requirement in bridge design code. The challenge increases in developing countries as the pace of infrastructural growth is being catered by the respective country codes with bigger and heavier vehicles to be considered in the design. This paper presents the case study of India where Indian Roads Congress (IRC) codes in its revised version from 2014 to 2017 introduced massive Special vehicle (SV) around 40 m long and weighing 3850 kN to be considered in the design of road bridges. The code does not specify the minimum distance between successive special vehicles unlike other loading classes and hence the consequences of it form the motivation for this study. The effect of SV in comparison with Class 70R, Class AA, Class A, and Class B loading is studied based on the maximum bending moment with moving load applied in Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis. The spans considered in the analysis varied from 10 m to 1991 m corresponding to the span of Akashi Kaikyo Bridge (longest bridge span in the world). A total of 182 analyses for 7 types of vehicles (class B, class A, class 70R tracked, class 70R wheeled, class AA tracked, AA wheeled, and Special vehicle) on 26 different span lengths is carried out. The span corresponding to other vehicles which would equal the bending moment of a single SV is presented along with a comparison relative to Standard Uniformly Distributed Load. Further, the results are presented by introducing a new parameter named Intensity Factor which is proven to relate the effect of axle spacing of vehicle on the normalized bending moment developed.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 건설기술인력의 일터학습 참여 실태와 더불어 일터학습의 하위유형인 형식학습과 무형식학습이 각각 건설기술인력의 인적자원성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 2015년 한국직업능력개발원의 6차 인적자본기업패널조사 근로자용 설문자료에서 건설기술인력 306명의 응답치를 선택하여 활용하였다. 연구 결과, 건설기술인력의 일터학습(형식학습, 무형식학습) 참여는 10,069명 전체 근로자에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 수준에 머물러 있으며, 특히 무형식 학습의 참여는 더욱 낮은 수준이었다. 회귀분석 결과를 보면 형식학습의 참여는 직무만족과 직무몰입에만 정(+)의 영향을, 직무능력의 향상에는 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 무형식학습은 직무능력, 직무만족, 조직몰입 모두에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 또한 형식학습에 비해 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2004년도 제5회 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.79-86
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• 2004

국내 건설산업의 기술자격제도는 노동부주관 $\ulcorner$국가기술자격법$\lrcorner$ 에 의하여 운영되며, 대표적인 국가자격은 건축사, 기술사 및 기사 등을 들 수 있다. 1990년 중반에 도입된 건설사업관리(CM)는 건설산업을 활성화하기 위한 필수불가결의 조건이 되고 있으나 국가자격으로 공인되지 못하고 있으며, 현안문제로서 가장 시급하다고 판단되는 전문인력 양성은 민간 CM교육기관들의 "공인민간자격"으로서 각각의 교육프로그램과 별도의 인증자격을 가지고 이루어지고 있는 실정이다. 문제는 국제공인자격으로서 신뢰성을 확보하고 있는 유일한 미국CM협회(CMAA)의 "CCM"인증자격과 미국VE협회(SAVE)의 "CVS"인증자격의 사례로 볼 때, 외국에 비하여 CM인증자격이 과다하며, 신뢰성과 효율성을 확보하지 못한 상태로 인증자격자득에게 혼란을 주면서 양산되고 있다는 점이다. 본 고에서는 국내CM인증자격의 문제점을 살펴보고 인증자격의 통합 및 체계화를 통하여 국가공인자격으로 발전하기 위한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2002

최근 들어 국내에서는 경제적이고 효율적인 지하굴착공법으로 쏘일네일링 벽체와 지하구조물 외벽을 합벽처리하는 사례가 많아지고 있으며, 이같은 지하외벽 일체식 쏘일네일링 공법은 기존의 지보공법과 비교해 볼 때 굴착면적을 최소화하고 시공성을 개선할 수 있는 특징 이 있다. 또한 지하외벽 일체식 쏘일네일링 공법은 지하외벽의 단면 축소와 지하수에 의한 양압력의 영향에도 대처할 수 있는 장점이 있으나 아직까지는 이에 대한 연구가 미흡하여 보수적으로 설계되고 있는 실정이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 실내모형실험을 통해 전면벽체의 강성에 따른 쏘일네일링 보강토체의 거동 및 네일의 두부에 작용하는 인발력을 분석하여 전면벽체의 강성에 따른 쏘일네일링 벽체의 파괴유형을 규명하고 사용상태 및 한계상태에서의 변위양상 및 네일 두부에서의 인장력 분포를 분석하였다. 또한 전면판의 강성이 쏘일네일링 벽테의 전체 안정성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 향후 전면벽체의 강성에 따른 지반-네일의 상호작용에 대한 모델개발에 필요한 기초적인 자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2007

최근 경제가 성장함에 따라 산업지역과 거주지의 요구가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 양질의 지반상태 지역을 구하기가 어렵다. 경제적이고 균형적인 지역 발전을 위하여 내륙지역 뿐만 아니라 연약지반에도 새로운 프로젝트가 수행되고 있다. 연약지반은 복잡한 공학적 특성과 강도가 낮고 대상 지역의 심도가 깊은 많은 변수를 가지고 있기 때문에 연약지반의 공학적 특성을 정확하게 분석하고 안정적인 계측과 경제적인 설계와 관리방법을 찾는것이 필요하다. 연직배수공법은 프리로딩과 통수능력을 가진 여러 종류의 배수재를 사용하여 연약지반과 퇴적지반의 압밀촉진을 위하여 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 6가지 코어형태의 연직배수재의 대형통수능력 시험을 수행하고 시간 경과에 따른 통수능과 압밀도를 분석하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.898-905
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• 2005

The settlement of embankment on soft clay includes shear settlement due to shear deformation. Even though the consolidation settlement is not related to lateral displacement, but shear settlement makes the embankment unstable because it deforms ground and decreases the ground strength. In order to determine the shear deformation behaviour during embankment construction, 3 cases (1B, 2B, and 3B) of rapid undrained loading tests on soft clays were performed. Shear settlement is consist of elastic settlement, plastic settlement and viscous settlement. Elastic settlement isn't considered because the range is small, therefore the first is the range of plastic displacement, and the second is that of viscous displacement in the displacement-time curve for each loading stage. After determining that the change in the inclination of the viscous displacement range is larger than in the plastic displacement range after the ground failure occurs for the loading stage, the stability management methods were suggested considering that it is hard to divide the plastic displacement range and the viscous displacement range. The stability management method was based on the ratio of the plastic displacement range's inclination and the viscous displacement range's inclination. A stability management method based on the ratio of the total inclination for each loading stage compared to the whole inclination in the initial loading stage was also recommended.