• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2011

실험에 사용한 어미는 2010년 7월 13일 전남 영광군 백수면 하사리에서 채집된 어미를 수송하여 채란을 하였다. 실험에 사용된 초기치패는 수정란으로 부터 3일간 유생사육 한 착저치패 (각장 $198{\pm}12{\mu}m$) 6,000만 마리를 사용하였고, 기간은 2010년 7월 16일부터 10월 4일까지 80일간 실험하였다. 사육방법은 모래상자식, 저면여과식, 가두리식, 바닥식으로 하였고, 수온별 사육실험은 수온을 25, 28, 31, $34^{\circ}C$로 하였다. 먹이생물 종류에 따른 초기치패의 사육실험은 Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros gracilis, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Tetraselmis tetrathele를 단독으로 공급한 시험구와 4종을 혼합하여 공급한 실험구로 각각 성장과 생존율을 조사 하였다. 초기치패의 사육방법별 시험 결과, 성장은 가두리 실험구가 각장 $2.64{\pm}0.59{\mu}m$로 가장 빨랐고, 모래상자 실험구가 각 장 $2.59{\pm}0.64{\mu}m$, 저면순환여과 실험구가 각장 $2.56{\pm}0.52{\mu}m$, 바닥 실험구가 각장 $2.52{\pm}0.56{\mu}m$ 순이었다. 생존율은 모래상자 실험구가 35.9%로 가장 높았고, 바닥 실험구 34.6%, 저면순환여과 실험구 29.5%, 가두리 실험구 9.3% 순으로 나타났다. 수온별 초기치패의 성장은 $34^{\circ}C$ 실험구가 각장 $2.70{\pm}0.76{\mu}m$로 가장 빨랐고 $31^{\circ}C$ 실험구 각장 $2.69{\pm}0.43{\mu}m$, $28^{\circ}C$ 실험구 각장 $2.66{\pm}0.39{\mu}m$, $25^{\circ}C$ 실험구 각장 $2.45{\pm}0.41{\mu}m$ 순으로 수온이 높을수록 빠른 성장을 나타내었다. 생존율은 수온 $31^{\circ}C$ 실험구가 38.2%로 가장 높았고, 수온 $28^{\circ}C$ 실험구 36.8%, 수온 $25^{\circ}C$ 실험구 24.7%, 수온 $34^{\circ}C$ 실험구 14.2% 순으로 나타났다. 먹이생물 공급에 따른 성장은 혼합공급 실험구가 각장 $2.52{\pm}0.66{\mu}m$로 가장 빨랐고 I. galbana 실험구 각장 $2.47{\pm}0.45{\mu}m$, C. gracilis 실험구 각장 $2.36{\pm}0.39{\mu}m$, T. tetrathele 실험구 각장 $2.32{\pm}0.76{\mu}m$, P. tricornutum 각장 $2.29{\pm}0.43{\mu}m$순이었다. 생존율은 혼합 실험구가 36.9%로 가장 높았고, I. galbana 실험구 32.4%, C. gracilis 실험구 28.5%, P. tricornutum 실험구 18.4%, T. tetrathele 16.2%순으로 나타났다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.35-56
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• 1995

본 논문은 지속적인 서울시의 성장이 그 주변지역의 성장을 수반하면서 서울대도시 권화되어가는 과정을 밝히고 서울대도시권역을 설정한 후, 서울대도시권역 내에서 기능적 특성에 따라 지역을 분류하려는 것이 그 목적이었다. 1990년 시점에서의 서울대도시권역의 경계가 어느 정도 확대되었는가를 측정하기 위하여 도시화 정도를 측정하는 지표와 서울과 의 기능적 연계성을 측정하는 지표를 토대로 하여 그 권역을 설정하였다. 그 결과 서울대도 시권역은 수도권의 거의 전 지역을 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 서울대도시권역에 포함된 지역들은 서울이 갖고 있는 기능을 일부 분담하면서 기능적인 면에서 특화되거나 전 문화되어 기능적 특성에 따라서 신종주거기능 탁월지역, 제조업기능 탁월지역, 서비스기능 탁월지역, 잠재적 개발가능지역의 4개 그룹으로 지역을 분류할 수 있었다.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2014

Background: Various medical emergency situations can occur during dental practices. Cardiac arrest is known to comprise approximately 1% of emergency situation. Thus, it is necessary for dentists to be able to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to increase the chance of saving patient's life in emergency situation. In this paper, we conducted a survey study to evaluate to what extent dentists actually understood CPR practice and if they had experience in handling emergency situations in practice. Method: The survey was done for members of the Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology (KDSA), who had great interest in CPR and for whom survey-by-mail was convenient. We had selected 472 members of the KDSA with a dental license and whose office address and contact information were appropriate, and sent them a survey questionnaire by mail asking about the degree of their CPR understanding and if they had experience of handling emergency questions before. Statistical analyses -frequency analysis, chi-square test, ANOVA, and so on- were performed by use of IBM SPSS Statistics 19 for each question. Result: Among 472 people, 181 responded (38.4% response rate). Among the respondents were 134 male and 47 female dentists. Their average age was $40.4{\pm}8.4$. In terms of practice type, there were 123 private practitioners (68.0%), 20 professors (11.0%), 16 dentists-in-service (8.8%), 13 residents (specialist training) (7.2%) and 9 military doctors (5%). There were 125 dentists (69.1%) who were specialists or receiving training to be specialist, most of whom were oral surgeon (57, 31.5%) and pediatric dentists (56, 30.9%). There were 153 people (85.0%) who received CPR training before, and 65 of them (35.9%) were receiving regular training. When asked about the ratio of chest pressure vs mouth-to-mouth respiration when conducting CPR, 107 people (59.1%) answered 30:2. However, only 27.1% of them answered correctly for a question regarding CPR stages, C(Circulation)- A(Airway)- B(Breathing)- D(Defibrillation), which was defined in revised 2010 CPR practice guideline. Dentists who had experience of handling emergency situations in their practice were 119 (65.6%). The kinds of emergency situations they experienced were syncope (68, 37.6%), allergic reactions to local anesthetic (44, 24.3%), hyperventilation (43, 23.8%), seizure (25, 13.8%), hypoglycemia (15, 8.3%), breathing difficulty (14, 7.8%), cardiac arrest (11, 6.1%), airway obstruction (6, 3.3%), intake of foreign material and angina pectoris (4, 2.2%), in order of frequency. Most respondents answered that they handled the situation appropriately under the given emergency situation. In terms of emergency equipment they had blood pressure device (70.2%), pulse oximetry (69.6%), Bag-Valve-Mask (56.9%), emergency medicine (41.4%), intubation kit (29.8%), automated external defibrillator (23.2%), suction kit (19.3%) and 12 people (6.6%) did not have any equipment. In terms of confidence in handling emergency situation, with 1-10 point scale, their response was $4.86{\pm}2.41$ points. The average point of those who received regular training was $5.92{\pm}2.20$, while those who did not was $4.29{\pm}2.29$ points (P<0.001) Conclusion: The result showed they had good knowledge of CPR but the information they had was not up-to-date. Also, they were frequently exposed to the risk of emergency situation during their dental practice but the level of confidence in handling the emergency situation was intermediate. Therefore, regular training of CPR to prepare them for handling emergency situation is deemed necessary.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제53권
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• pp.29-52
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• 2011

이 연구는 뉴스룸 통합이 뉴스생산 조직운영, 뉴스 생산과정에 있어 효율성, 그리고 저널리즘 질적 수준에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지 알아 보기 위한 것이다. 미디어 종사자에 대한 인식조사와 심층 인터뷰 등을 함께 활용했다. 인식조사는 발행부수 기준으로 상위 170개 미국 신문사들의 고위 간부들을 대상으로 통합 전후 조직운영 변화를 1) 취재 및 보도 시스템의 변화 2) 통합이후 저널리즘의 질적 변화 3) 구성원들의 서로 다른 출신 배경이 통합 뉴스룸 운영에 미치는 영향 등 3가지로 나누어 실시한 설문조사를 통해 파악해 보고자 하였다. 또 인식조사에서 나타난 양적지표가 실제로 통합 뉴스룸을 운영하는 미디어에서 어떻게 받아들여지는지를 알아보기 위해 미국의 뉴욕타임스와 미디어 제너럴, 영국의 TMG, 덴마크의 노르위스케, 한국의 CBS를 대상으로 관계자 심층 인터뷰를 실시했다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 뉴스룸 통합은 많은 선행연구와는 달리 미디어 기업의 조직운영에 전반적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 통합 후 취재보도 체제와 편집국 안팎의 의사소통, 기자들의 생산성 등 조직 전반에 걸쳐 과거의 비효율성이 줄어들고 시너지효과가 나타났다. 그러나 이런 긍정적 효과는 제대로 통합이 이뤄진 곳에서 뚜렷했고, 형식적인 통합을 이룬 뉴스룸의 경우 오히려 과거보다 효율성이 떨어진다는 견해도 있었다. 셋째, 뉴스룸 통합은 저널리즘의 질적 수준을 향상시키는데 전반적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 출신배경이 서로 다른 구성원들이 하나의 뉴스룸에 통합되는 것에 대해 미디어 현업자들은 대체로 긍정적인 평가를 내렸다. 하지만 일부에서는 뉴스룸 통합이 문화적 차이에 따른 커뮤니케이션 갈등을 초래하는 측면도 있다고 지적했다. 이번 연구결과가 뉴스룸 통합 효과를 100% 말해준다고 보기는 어렵다. 하지만 불특정 다수의 현업 종사자들이 평가하는 뉴스룸 통합의 효과를 통시적으로 제시하고 이를 논의함으로써 뉴스룸 통합을 추진하는 미디어 업계에 시사점을 주고자 하였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1562-1570
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• 2005

본 연구는 한국에서 의류 및 패션관련 학과를 졸업한 전문인력들이 앞으로 거대시장으로 성장할 중국 패션시장에 취업할 수 있는 효과적인 방법을 모색한·것이다. 연구의 방법은 한국의 많은 의류제조업체가 진출해 있는 중국 대련시의 7개 의류제조업체 대표자의 직접 면접방식을 사용하였으며, 면접의 기간은 2005년 2월 25일부터 3월 15일까지, 7월 28일부터 31일까지 2회에 걸쳐서 였다. 면접의 결과는 대련시의 상당수 의류제조업체들이 전문인력공급에 직면해 있었고$(100\%)$, 특히 비숙련직 노동자보다는 숙련직 및 중간관리자의 인력공급문제가 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이들은 앞으로 단순 제조방식에서 탈피하여 부가가치가 높은 분야로 진출-의류브랜드를 설립 혹은 기획 및 유통의 확장하려는 경 향을 보이고 있었다. $(85.7\%)$. 이와 같은 결과는 한국섬유산업연합회 및 KOTRA등에서 발표한 결과와 유사하여 한국의류제조업체의 $60\%$이상이 중국에 진출해 있는 현실에서 시급히 해결해야 할 문제라고 보여진다. 따라서 연구의 결과를 종합하여 다음과 같은 제안을 하고자 한다. 첫째는 중국어와 중국경제, 문화에 관한 전반적인 지식습득이 가능한 교과목을 설강하여 문화적인 차이를 인지케 한다. 둘째, 중국으로의 현장실습 및 견학, 인턴쉽 프로그램을 강화한다(면접을 실시 한 많은 회사들이 협조에 동의함). 셋째, 많은 의류제조업체들이 의류브랜드 런칭 및 기획, 유통분야를 강화하고자 하는 계획을 갖고 있으므로 브랜드 런칭에 관한 교육을 심화하석 변화하는 중국패션시장에 적응케 한다. 이러한 연구는 앞으로 한국의 패션전문인력이 진출할 수 있는 거대한 중국취업시장 진입을 위 한 토대로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1976

The present. study reports four cases of congenital heart diseases, who received open heart surgery by the Sarn's Heart-Lung-Machine in the department of Thoracic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital during the period between July 1975 and May 1976. The Heart-Lung-Machine consisted of the Sarn's five head roller pump motor system (model 5000), heat exchanger, bubble trap, the Rygg-Kyvsgaard oxygenator, and monitors. The priming of pump oxygenator was carried out by the hemodilution method using Hartman's solution and whole blood. Of the four cases of the heart diseases, three whose body weight were below 30kg, received the partial hemodilution priming and the remaining one whose body weight was 52kg received the total hemodilution priming with Hartman's solution alone. The rate of hemodilution was in the average of 60.5ml/kg. Extracorporeal circulation was performed at the perfusion flow rate of the average 94.0ml/kg/min, and at the moderate hypothermia between 35'5"C and 30'5"C of the rectal temperature. In the total cardiopulmonary bypass, arterial blood pressure was anged between 30 mmHg and 85 mmHg, generally maintaining over 60 mmHg and venous pressure was measured between 4 and $23cmH_2O$, generally maintaining below $10cmH_2O$. The first case: The patient, a nine year old girl having the symptoms and physical signs typical to cardiac anomaly was definitely diagnosed as isolated pulmonary stenosis through the cardiac catheterization. There was, however, no cyanosis, no pathological finding by X-ray and E.C.G. tracings. The valvulotomy was performed through the arteriotomy of pulmouary artery under the total cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and murmur and the clinical symptoms disappeared. The second case: A 12 year old boy with congenital heart anomaly was positively identified as having ventricular septal defect through the cardiac catheterization. As in the case with the first case, the patient exhibited the symptoms and physical signs typical to cardiac anomaly, but no pathological abnormality by X-ray and E.C.G. tracings. The septal defect was localized on atrioventricular canal and was 2 by 10 mm in size. The septal defect was closed by direct simple sutures under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative hemodynamic study revealed that the pressure of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery were decreased satisfactory. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and murmur and the clinical symptoms disappeared. The third case: The patient, a 19 year old girl had been experienced the clinical symptoms typical to cardiac anomaly for 16 years. The pink tetralogy of Fallot was definitey diagnosed through the cardiac catheterization. The patient was placed on an ablolute bed rest prior to the operation because of severe exertional dyspnea, fatigability, and frequent syncopal attacks. However, she exhibited very slight cyanosis. Positive findings were noted on E.C.G. tracings and blood picture, but no evidence of pathological abnormality on X-ray was observed. All of the four surgical approaches such as Teflon patch closure (3 by 4cm in size) of ventricular septal defect, myocardial resection of right ventricular outflow tract, valvulotomy of pulmonary valvular stenosis, and pericardial patch closing of ventriculotomy wound were performed in 95 minutes under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative hemodynamic study revealed that the pressure of the right ventricle was decreased and pulmonary artery was increased satisfactorily. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and murmur and the clinical symptoms disappeared. The fourth case: The patient, a 7 1/4 year old girl had the symptoms of cardiac anomaly for only three years prior to the operation. She was positively identified as having acyanotic tetralogy of Fallot by open heart surgery. The patient showed positive findings by X-ray and E.C.G. tracings, but exhibited no cyanosis and normal blood picture. All of the three surgical approaches, such a myocardial resection of hypertrophic sight ventricular outflow tract, direct suture closing of ventricular septal defect and pericardial patch closing of ventriculotomy wound were carried out in 110 minutes under the cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative hemodynamic study revealed that the pressure of the right ventricle was decreased and pulmonary artery was increased satisfactorily. Postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and the symptoms disappeared.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.119-168
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• 1978

This is a survey of the reserved book system in the pilot universities in Korea. We have surveyed only 22 university libraries among 29 pilot schools as of 1977, because of the differences in the library users, library organization, library facilities, and library materials between universities and colleges. In 1972, the Korean Ministry of Education developed a reformation plan for their higher education based on the teaching method of curriculum-oriented faculty instead of that of the faculty-oriented curriculum. The former puts emphasis on the cultivation of a student's thinking, creativity, and judgement through self-teaching to do a given assignment. The reserved book system in a college or university library is one of the most important methods necessary to accomplish the above educational aim. The survey used a questionnaire with 50 question on 28 items concerning the various aspects of the reserved book system in 22 pilot universities. the survey result discovered many problems needing correction. The following list describes the measures needed to correct the problems found in the pilot universities. 1. The management of a centralized reserved book system is much more effective and economical than the decentralized reserved book system when a university is located on the same campus. 2. In the university library, an independent reserved book department requires to gain the desired educational aims as compared with the reserved book room controlled by any other department in the library. 3. The reserved book system should not be adopted by all the departments at once but enlarged gradually, for it needs the understanding and support of faculty members and the university itself. 4. As competence is essential to the effective operation of the reserved book room, the university library should not place an unqualified person in charge of the reserved book department. 5. The librarian in charge of the reserved book department is required to do more professional works such as analysis of users, collection and analysis of syllabuses, maintenance of faculty member cooperation, establishment of measures to acquire unavailable materials, and drawing up an effective management plan. However, he is spending most of his time in clerical works, that is, non-professional works. 6. Three to five titles of each reserved book are considered reasonable and required materials should be shelved in proportion to the number of students, that is, one copy per eight or ten students if the materials are allowed to lend for two hours at a time. For the supplementary materials, the library needs to place two or three copies per subject. 7. Professors must select reserved books with care so that they can be used year after year. 8. Few universities are asking professors the number of class students and the date when the reserved material will no longer be needed on reserve. 9. The library should gather all the lists of reserved books from every professor at least three to five months before the courses open, because it takes a long time to obtain foreign materials. 10. It is desirable that the reserved book department should collect the lists and prepare the materials with promptness and consistency. 11. Instead of block buying, it is desirable to purchase reserved books at the time the library gets the reserved book list from the professors. The library should also inform faculty members whether it obtained each reserved book or not before the course open. 12. The library should make a copy of materials if a professor requires to reserve an out-of-print book or partial contents of a book, journal, and thesis. 13. An independent budger for reserved books from the budget for general materials is desired. 14. The shelf arrangement of reserved books by courses or professors under the same department is much more preferable than a classified arrangement. 15. While most of the universities adopted the open shelves system for all the reserved books, it is more effective and economical to take a compromise system, that is, closed shelves for requires materials and open shelves for supplementary materials. 18. Circulation of reserved books needs a different system between required materials and supplementary materials: two or three hours and/or overnight loan for the former and two and/or three days loan for the latter. 17. A reserved book room should be open a long time after class so that students can have sufficient time to use the room. 18. The library must take daily and monthly statistic as well as statistics on every aspect of the reserved book system in order that the library ma decide on policy and management of the reserved book room in collaboration with the university. Furthermore, regular reports on the use of the reserved book room should be made to the president and the executive council by the library to acquire their understanding and cooperation for the reserved book system. 19. Cooperation of faculty members is indispensable to the effective management of the reserved book department and it is desirable to make a committee which will fix various decisions about the system. Whenever the director of the library make his decision, he must consult with his staff in order to involve them earnestly in the operation of the system.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.118-129
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• 1993

In order to approach the nursing care of clients who are using oriental medicine and to understand the perception of the client who uses oriental medicine practices and the need to develop a model of nursing related to oriental medicine it is important to examine the major nursing concepts as they are found in oriental medicine and as they are differently defined according to the basic thought, theory and philosophical perspectives between East and West. Oriental medicine developed based on Sung Confucianism the teachings of Chut-zu, especially Tai-Chi-Tu Shuo and energy thought which are similar to traditional Korean Sasang Constitutional medicine. The basic theory on which oriental medicine is build is the theory of the five elements of Yin / Eum-Yang Theory(cosmic dual forces) and Meridian Theory. The most important attribute of Yin Yang is the concept of duality, confrontation and dependence, within Yin Yang but which do not exist separately. That is, the universe is a vast, indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Harmony is achieved only when the two primorial forces, Yin and Yang, are brought into perfect balance. Each is contained within the other and there is a continuing interchange between the two. This also applies to the human body including human health which is defined as balanced harmony. The most universal connection of Yin and Yang is found in the universe where the five elements of life, fire, water, earth, wood and metal can be explained as having either Yin or Yang and therefore being in a state of connectedness but systematically circulating between the two, that is essentalilly one (the control of the unified ) or as coexistant poles of individual wholes (the pluralism of Yin Yang Theory) so that it is all unified(balanced) in the Great Absoulte. Human beings also maintain a balance of Yin and Yang in the five elements and this relationship is very important in approaching ·oriental medicine, The meridians are the channels in the body through which the life force flow throughout the body. In oriental medicine the meridians are seen as the railroad, the acupuncture points on the meridians as the stations and energy as the train. In the normal healthy organism, all are maintained in balance and in a contiuous circulation of energy. illness is the result of the energy flow becoming disarranged. Although practitioners of oriental medicine approach the client differently than do practitioners of Western medicine and their method of examining the patient is different, the basic objectives of the examination are the same for practitioners of both types of medicine. Therefore if each could be used to supplement the defiencies in the other and achieve a harmonious cooperation between the two, a higher level of care which is culturally appropriate to korean culture could be achieved. The traditional korean concept of health is a naturalistic view which emphasizes being in harmony with nature. Any manifestation of disease is considered a sign that the body is in a state of disequilibrium and is thus no longer in harmony with the universe. The wholistic view of the world held by practitioners of oriental medicine can be used by nursing in the development of a world view of nursing in which the human being is seen within the macrocosm as part of the natural phenomenon of the universe and but also as a microcosm of the universe, a universe which is a vast and indivisible entity within which all things exist in harmonious interdependence and balance. Interaction between human beings and their environment and the relationship of this interaction to health are concepts that are also found in nursing. Nursing views human brings, not as an accumulation of separate cells and organs but, as unified wholes interacted in very close relationship nth their environment. Nursing also maintains a view of human beings in which emphasis is placed on the role of the mind in explaining the concepts of harmony and balance in health. Although there are differences between oriental medicine and nursing in approaches to clients, the basic point of view and philosophy have many fundamental similarites. An understanding of the basic thought and philosophy of oriental medicine if applied to nursing, would allow for the development, not only of nursing related to oriental medicine, but of a nursing theory appropriate to the korean context.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.579-587
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• 2006

배경 : 단심실 교정을 시행함에 있어 수술 전 위험 인자가 많지 않다고 판단되는 경우에도 수술 후 장기간의 흉관 배액, 단백 소모성 장질환, 폐혈관 색전증, 사망 등의 불량한 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 이러한 측면에서, 단심실 교정에 대한 기존의 위험 인자 분석은 수술 결과를 예측함에 있어 미흡한 점이 있다고 할 수 있다. 저자 등은 폐혈관 유순도를 새로이 정의하고, 낮은 폐혈관 유순도가 수술 후 흉관 배액 기간을 길게 한다는 가설을 세워 이를 증명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2005년 5월까지 심장 외 도관을 이용한 단심실 교정을 받은 총 96 명의 환자들의 기록을 후행적으로 분석하였다. 동 기간 중 기존의 단심실 교정을 심장 외 도관으로 교체한 경우는 연구 대상에서 제외하였다. 수술 후 늑막 삼출 기간의 위험 인자 분석에는 12가지 수술 전 위험 인자들을 지수화한 Fontan risk score (FRS) 및 기타 다양한 수술 전, 수술 중 위험 인자들을 포함시켰으며, 본 연구를 위하여 전기로 analogue를 폐순환에 적용하여 계산된 폐혈관 유순도 (pulmonary vascular compliance, PVC, $mm^2/mmHg/m^2)$를 위험인자로 추가하였다. 전기 회로 analogue에 의하면 PVC는 폐동맥 지수 (pulmonary artery index, $mm^2/m^2$)를 총폐저항 (total pulmonary resistance, Wood $Unit{\cdot}m^2$) 및 폐 혈류량 (pulmonary blood flow, $L/min/m^2$) 으로 나눈 값으로 정의되며, 이는 폐혈관의 크기와 저항, 폐 혈류량 등을 동시에 고려하는 변수라고 할 수 있다. 결과 변수인 흉관 거치 기간은 자연로그를 취해 정규 분포화하고 이를 log indwelling time (LIT)으로 정의하였으며, 분석 대상 위험 인자들과 LIT 의 관계에 대한 다중 선형 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 조기 사망은 없었고 만기 사망은 4 명 (4.2%)이었으며, 단심실 교정시 fenestration이 추가된 경우는 1예 있었다(1 %). 수술 전 PVC, 흉관 거치 기간, LIT는 각각 ${6{\sim}94.8\;mm^2/mmHg/m^2}$ (중간값:24.8), $3{\sim}268$일 ( 간값 : 20 일 ), $1.1{\sim}5.6$ ( 평균: 2.9, 표준 편차: 0.8) 이었다. 단변 수 분석상 FRS, PVC, 체외 순환시간 (CPB) 및 술 후 12 시간째의 중심 정맥압 등이 LIT와 연관되었으나, 다변수 분석상 PVC (p=0.0018) 및 CPB (p=0.0024)만이 독립적으로 LIT를 예측하였다. 두 변수는 LIT 변이에 대하여 21.7%의 설명력이 있었으며, 두 변수를 이용한 회귀 분석식은 다음과 같았다. LIT=2.74-0.0158 PVC+0.00658 CPB. 결론: 새로이 정의된 폐혈관 유순도는 심장 외 도관을 이용한 단심실 교정 후의 흉관 거치 기간을 결정하는 중요한 예측 인자로서, 수술 전 위험 인자 분석에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1983

국소한냉자극이 전신 및 국소혈액순환에 미치는 영향과 동계에 있어서 한냉에 대한 적응을 관찰하기 위하여 동계 및 하계에 편균연령 21세의 남녀 대학생 각 60명 및 50명을 대상으로 $5^{\circ}C$의 냉수에 일측 손을 담구어 3분간 국소한냉자극을 가하였다. 침수 1, 2, 3분과 회복기 1, 3, 5분에 침수한 측과 침수 반대측에서 평균혈압, 분시심박수, 광전 모세혈관 맥박의 파고, 피부전기저항을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 국소한냉자극시 혈압은 증가하였고 하계에서 동계보다 더 큰 증가를 보였다. 회복기에 동계는 서서히 대조치로 회복되나 하계에는 대조치보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 분시심박수는 침수시 증가하며 하계에서 동계보다 더 증가하였고 회복기에는 동계 및 하계 모두 대조치보다 감소하였다. 광전 모세혈관 맥박의 파고는 동계에는 침수 및 침수 반대측 모두 감소하였으나 침수한 측에서 더 크게 감소하였으며 이는 침수한 측에 있어서 한냉의 국소효과에 기인한 것으로 보인다. 하계에는 동계보다 작은 감소를 보였으며 회복기에는 더 빠른 회복을 보여 대조치보다 증가하였다. 피부전기저항은 침수시 침수 반대측에서는 감소하나 침수한 측에서는 유의하게 증가하였다가 회복기에 서서히 감소하였다. 침수 반대측의 감소는 동통에 의한 반응이 한냉에 의한 반응에 첨가되어 나타난 것으로 보이며, 침수한 측은 한냉에 의한 국소효과가 크기 때문인 것으로 보인다. 이상으로 $5^{\circ}C$의 국소한냉자극시 전신적 반응은 한냉자극에 의한 동통성 stress에 기인한 반응이 우세한 것으로 생각되며 김 등$^{39)}$의 보고와는 달리 동계 및 하계의 반응의 차이는 계절에 따른 한냉자극에 대한 주관적 감각의 차이에 의한 것으로 동계에서 한냉기후에 의한 국소한냉자극의 적응현상은 나타나지 않는 것으로 사료된다.