• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.696-700
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• 2010

Yeast is immobilized upon $100{\mu}m$ CPG(controlled pore glass bead) to separate $Sb^{3+}$ and $Sb^{5+}$. Continuous hydride generation is performed after the bio-column. The optimum conditions are 0.8 M nitric acid as an eluent with the flow rate of 1.0 mL $min^{-1}$ and the optimum conditions for the generation of hydride are 2 M HCl, 3% (w/v) $NaBH_4$ with the flow rate of 0.83 mL $min^{-1}$, Ar carrier gas flow rate of 50 mL $min^{-1}$. Two species are separated at 112 and 354 seconds each. The sensitivity is enhanced by 10 times for $200{\mu}L$ of sample and the detection limits are 3.0 ppb and 7.0 ppb for $Sb^{3+}$ and $Sb^{5+}$, respectively. When compared with the standard samples, this method showed accurate results.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 2013

Liposomes, which can deliver payload at target site, have been studied as drug carrier. However, conventional liposomes have limitation for drug release at target site. Therefore, we developed hydroxyapatite (HA) coated ultrasound sensitive liposomes to increase drug release at target site and to enhance stability in blood stream. Control liposome was prepared using hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and cholesterol, and then we assessed HA coating on the surface of control liposomes using calcium acetate, phosphoric acid, and 25% ammonium solution. Doxorubicin was used as a model drug. Size of HA coated liposomes was 120 nm and encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin in liposomes was up to 95%. Size of HA coated liposomes are not changed in 30% serum solution, however, the control liposomes was 1.4 fold increased. After ultrasound triggered drug release from liposomes, intracellular efficiency of drug released from HA coated liposomes was 3 fold increased compared to control liposomes. In this study, we developed ultrasound sensitive liposomes to enhance drug release, which will be applied in controlled drug release at disease site.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.84-98
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• 2020

In this study, we analyzed the influences of lecture design using CoRe upon the professor's teaching professionalism in the aspects of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). The participants are three professors from the college of science-engineering located in Chungcheong-do. After collecting their syllabi, we observed their lecture and conducted the orientation. Afterward, we collected the CoRes which they prepared before the lecture. Then we observed their lecture and conducted semi-structured interviews. This process was carried out twice. We analyzed their syllabi, CoRes, videotaped lectures, field notes, the teaching materials, and interview transcripts. The results revealed that professors not only clarified the learning objectives and the characteristics of students but also reflected them in the lecture. In addition, they established the teaching strategies according to the characteristics of contents in the unit. As they recognized the necessity of understanding students' achievement, they selected the assessment method and applied it in the lecture. In some cases, however, they lacked presenting learning objectives specifically and explained students' misconceptions without inducing new concepts. They also presented a shortage of considering students' prior knowledge. They lacked providing students with an opportunity to participate in lectures, and their assessment method was not effective. Based on the results, we discussed implications to improve teaching professionalism using CoRe.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.295-300
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• 1987

This experiment was carried out to review the chemical composition and microbiological aspects of seasonal raw milk collected from the dairy plants in Kangwon, Kyunggi, Seoul, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Jeorbuk, Jeonnam, Kyungbuk and Kyungnam of Korea. The results were summarized as follows: 1. The average composition of raw milk produced during spring season in each area showed moisture 88.00%, protein 3.49%, fat 3.43%, lactose 4.37%, and ash 0.75% but in summer it showed moisture 88.30%. protein 3.28%, fat 3.32%, lactose 4.26%, and ash 0.70%. 2. The microbiological aspects of raw milk in spring season showed viable bacteria counts $3.7{\times}10^6$, coliforms $2.2{\times}10^5$, thermoduric bacteria $1.4{\times}10^5$, thermophiles $1.4{\times}10^5$, psyclrotrophic bacteria $8.2{\times}10^5$, mould and yeast $1.9{\times}10^4$ per milliliter but in summer it showed viable bactteria counts $3.7{\times}10^6$, coliforms $2.3{\times}10^5$, thermoduric bacteria $2.3{\times}10^5$, thermophiles $7.5{\times}10$, psychrotrophic bacteria $5.0{\times}10^5$, mould and yeast $1.3{\times}10^4$ per milliliter.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.129-138
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• 2012

Despite of increasing pressure of opening to free for medical market by an advanced nation and increasing number of portal websites for health information, there have been few studies on the issues of enhancing the service quality of health information websites. The survey exhibited that the quality factors mainly affect significant and satisfied level of health information websites were usability, information structure and contents, interaction, and revisiting. This study was conducted to develop the consumer-focused quality factor of health information websites using WebQual model which was valued at efficient evaluation tool for this information system The methods taken in this research was to survey quality factors for significant and satisfied level of 323 consumers live in Chungcheong-do which is based on 48 questionnaires of WebQual quality factors. Our research extracted quality factors, usability, information quality (information structure and contents), interaction (personalisation and privacy) about view of criticality and satisfaction and relevant degree of revisiting. The research results presented in the paper will provide an efficient way of installing healthcare websites, moreover stone toward a marketing strategy for the consumer focus website provides under fierce competition.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.293-298
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to survey the effects of planned exercise over the age of 65 in male and female with regard to their self-efficacy, depression, and life satisfaction, based on the literatures of 14 master and doctoral dissertations published between 2004 and 2014. The subjects with program exercise habit were chosen considering the generalization of the physical characteristics of elderly subjects. The exercise duration was 50 minutes for 3 times a week for 12 to 24 weeks. Exercise intensity was an optimal aerobic exercise plan that the subjects themselves could perform. The average effect size of self-efficacy was 0.793 (26.1% increased), depression was -0.91(31.9% decreased), and life satisfaction was 1.506 (43.4% increased). These indicate that post-exercise psychological variables had a positive effect on self-efficacy and life satisfaction by lowering depression after regular exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to increase regular exercise participation and to provide sustainable scientific information for the aged and healthy living of the elderly.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.3 s.144
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• pp.357-362
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• 2006

Bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from the domestic soil and a strain was selected that had a new host range and high toxicity against agriculture insect pest. The 142 samples of soil were sampled from the mountains, paddy fields and patches, in Daejon, Chungnam, Chungbuk and Jeonbuk and used for the investigation. Sixteen B. t strains were isolated from 12 samples among collected samples. There were 11 strains that showed toxical activity on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), 7 steins on Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 5 strains on Arete coerulea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 5 strains on Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) among the 16 isolated B. t strains. But there were not any strains that showed activity against Hyphanria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Rhynchophoridae). And also some of B. thuringiensis strains showed insecticidal activity with 2, 3 or 4 kinds of insects. But there were also 3 strains that did not show any activities to the 6 insects which were used in the experiment. When examined with a phase-contrast microscope, the insecticidal crystal protein produced from 16 selected strains had 13 bipyramidal and 3 spherical shapes. The insecticidal bioactivity of the S. litura showed 100% mortality when there were $1.3{\times}10^{7}\;(cfu/ml)$ of CAB109 isolates.

• Korean Educational Research Journal
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.211-230
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of secondary school SMART education. In order to achieve this, the paper separated the high school which implements the smart education for the high school and the high school which did not apply the smart education concept, then figuring out the answer about what school is more effective, the influence of the smart education concept on the students' emotions and academic achievement. This paper analyzed the effectiveness of SMART Education between Hansol high school in SeJong city and Jungang high school in Gwachen city by using 'schoolinfo (www.schoolinfor.go.kr) SMART education.' This study first presented the SMART Education's concept and characteristics through reviewing some literature, and then categorized the characteristics by using the items included academic achievement and emotional effect. These items consist of the 'students academic scores' for the academic achievement, 'the number of students dropped out' and 'the damage rate of school violence' for the emotional items. The conclusion of this study is that Hansol high school indicates lower school violence rate than Gwachen high schools with the two school's violence rate decreasing. Moreover, students' score of Hansol high school is higher than high schools in Gwachen city. The SMART education school budget structure is 'Common type', which requires a lot of investment to 'Basic education activities', 'educational activities support', 'School general operating expenses' among education budget items.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.140-144
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to investigate the proper planting method of Rehmannia glutinasa Liboschitz. A Chungbuk local cultivar was sown on the seed bed of 200cm with the planting density of 30cm(6 rows) $\times$ 8.5cm(30 rhizome per $\textrm{m}^2$). The experimental design was randomized block design with 3 replications. And the result was summarized as follows. The emergence date of level Planting(control : 0$^{\circ}$) was May 23, but the emergence dates of Oblique planting(45$^{\circ}$) and Upright planting(90$^{\circ}$) treatments were later than the control by 2~4 days. And the leaf length and the ratio of leaf length/leaf width were not significantly different. As compared with the 29.2cm and 10.0mm of the rhizome length and the rhizome diameter of level planting treatment, the rhizome length of Oblique planting treatment was decreased by 3.4cm and 0 mm. The length and diameter of rhizome of the Upright planting treatment was decreased by 2.8cm and 1.0mm. And the order of sugar content was level Planting > Oblique planting > Upright planting. The total yields were decreased by 9% in the Oblique planting and by 15% in the Upright planting compared to 1,203kg/10a in the control, and the commercial yields showed the same tendency. The level planting treatment was found to be most proper for sowing of Rehmannia glutinasa Liboschitz in the middle inland region of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1996

Chungbuk native Polygnatum stenophyllum Max. for used in this experiment were regional groups that collected at Cheongju and Jecheon, and then classified by seed tuber weights as 15, 30, 45, 60g. Shoot emergency time was faster about $4\sim7$days in Chengju regional group than that of Jecheon. In different seed tuber weights, shoot emergency time was the faster, seed tuber weight was the heavier. All of growth factors such as plant height, stem length and leaf length were worse Cheongju regional group in compared with that of Jecheon but leaf width was not different. Yields per 10a in both of Cheongju and Jechon were 1,600kg. After due consideration to seed tuver cost, approximately 40g is regarded as the most suitable weight for cultivation of Polygnatum stenophyllum Max.