• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.934-942
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting problematic drinking by university students in the Chuncheon area. Lifelong drinking rate of subjects was 98.1%. Problematic drinking rates according to AUDIT (alcohol use disorders identification test) were as follows: 21.3% 'no problem', 58.0% 'at-risk drinking', 10.0% 'alcohol abuse' and 10.7% 'alcohol dependence'. Research has shown that problematic drinking is more prevalent among freshmen, early drinkers, those with hypochondria, and students who are less satisfied with their campus life or whose own parents are frequent drinkers. It has been shown that more serious problematic drinking is associated with higher 'positive alcohol outcome expectancies' and 'coping motives for drinking', and 'recognition level of drinking cultures' is considered less desirable. Multiple regression analysis revealed that 'coping motives for drinking' was the most significant variable affecting the problematic drinking of university students. Developing and fostering various alcohol-reducing programs that largely focus on 'coping motives for drinking' will greatly contribute to solving problematic drinking.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

This study quantified annual uptake and storage of carbon by urban greenspace in institutional lands and suggested improvement of greenspace structures to enhance carbon reduction effects. The study selected a total of five study cities including Seoul, Daejeon, Daegu, Chuncheon, and Suncheon, based on areal size and nationwide distribution. Horizontal and vertical greenspace structures were field-surveyed, after institutional greenspace lots were selected using a systematic random sampling method on aerial photographs of the study cities. Annual uptake and storage of carbon by woody plants were computed applying quantitative models of each species developed for urban landscape trees and shrubs. Tree density and stem diameter (at breast height) in institutional lands averaged 1.4±0.1 trees/100 ㎡ and 14.9±0.2 cm across the study cities, respectively. Of the total planted area, the ratio of single-layered planting only with trees, shrubs, or grass was higher than that of multi-layered structures. Annual uptake and storage of carbon per unit area by woody plants averaged 0.65±0.04 t/ha/yr and 7.37±0.47 t/ha, which were lower than those for other greenspace types at home and abroad. This lower carbon reduction was attributed to lower density and smaller size of trees planted in institutional lands studied. Nevertheless, the greenspace in institutional lands annually offset carbon emissions from institutional electricity use by 0.6 (Seoul)~1.9% (Chuncheon). Tree planting in potential planting spaces was estimated to sequester additionally about 18% of the existing annual carbon uptake. Enhancing carbon reduction effects requires active tree planting in the potential spaces, multi-layered/clustered planting composed of the upper trees, middle trees and lower shrubs, planting of tree species with greater carbon uptake capacity, and avoidance of the topiary tree maintenance. This study was focused on finding out greenspace structures and carbon offset levels in institutional lands on which little had been known.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.141-154
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• 2021

In this study, the effect of the restoration of Yaksa stream and the construction of an apartment complex by the urban renewal project in the Yaksa district of Chuncheon on air quality in the surrounding area was evaluated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model simulations. In orderto compare the impact of the project, wind and pollutant concentration fields were simulated using topographic data in 2011 and 2017, which stand for the periods before and after the urban renewal project, respectively. In the numerical experiments, the scenarios were set to analyze the effect of the construction of the apartment complex and the effect of stream restoration. Wind direction and wind speed data obtained from the Chuncheon Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) were used as the inflow boundary conditions, and the simulation results were weighted according to the frequencies of the eight-directional inflow wind directions. The changes in wind speed and NO_X concentration distribution according to the changes in building and terrain between scenarios were compared. As a result, the concentration of NO_X emitted from the surrounding roads increased by the construction of the apartment complex, and the magnitude of the increase was reduced as the result of including the effect of stream restoration. The concentration of NO_X decreased around the restored stream, while the concentration increased significantly around the constructed apartment complex. The increase in the concentration of NO_X around the apartment complex was more pronounced in the place located in the rear of the wind direction to the apartment complex, and the effect remains up to the height of the building. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the relative arrangement of apartment complex construction and stream restoration in relation to the main wind direction of the target area was one of the major factors in determining the surrounding air quality.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.199-205
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• 1997

Water quality of streams and ground water from areas of different agricultural practices in the small catchments of the Han River basin was investigated. Water samples were collected from upper, middle and lower reaches of the Han River Basin where three types of agricultural management have been practiced : (1) highland agriculture and livestocks in Daegwanryung area, (2) typical upland and paddy farmings in Dunnae (Jucheon River) and Chuncheon (Soyang River) areas, and (3) intensive farming in the plastic film house in Guri area (Wangsuk stream). Water quality was monitored for EC, pH, COD, TSS, N, rations and anions. Concentrations of N, especially nitrate, and phosphorus in both stream and ground water exceeded the standard water quality criteria in many cases, but those of heavy metals were non-detectable or trace in most cases, except for Wangsuk stream where a high level was detected in a specific sampling time. Chemical criteria such as pH, EC and COD of the stream were suitable for irrigation purpose, but nitrate concentrations in ground water used in the intensive plastic film house were high enough to require a special management consideration. A model on the irrigation water quality incorporating EC and nitrate concentrations was suggested in view of fertilizer management and environmental quality.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.208-219
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• 2020

Forest thinning brought the large variation to forest ecosystem including environment and animal. Our study was result of long-term monitoring for ground-dwelling arthropod communities after thinning in forest ecosystem. In this study, we conducted field study on plantation forest in Chuncheon, Korea in 2018, and compared with previous study data (2006 and 2008). We found that the effect of thinning was still existent 10 years later from thinning with difference of habitat environment(depth of ground organic matter, coverage rate of ground vegetation and canopy). And ground-dwelling arthropod communities showed changes of abundance and taxa at the study area and thinning conditions. Ground-dwelling arthropod communities in 2018 were dominant in the order of Diptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera (Insecta), Araneae (Arachnida) and Collembola (Collembola). Among the conditions of thinning, Araneae (Arachnida), Coleoptera and Hymenoptera (Insecta) showed amount of abundance in heavy thinning. And Collembola (Collembola) and Diptera (Insecta) were most common in area of light thinning. In 2018 ground-dwelling arthropod communities, abundance of Diptera and Coleoptera (Insecta) and Isopoda (Crustacea) were decreased although Hemiptera and Orthoptera (Insecta) were increased than 2008 arthropod communities. Arthropod communities in 2018 were more similar with those in 2008 (after thinning) than with those in 2006 (before thinning).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.635-644
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the intake patterns of health food according to the kind of disease of the elderly aged over 60 years living in the Chuncheon area. This study was conducted by using a questionnaire from December 1999 to the March 2000. The data was analyzed using a SPSS program. The results were summarized as follows : The poorer the self- perceived health condition, the lower the level of activity of daily living(ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL) were the higher. the frequency score of health food intake. The incidence of disease, such as arthritis(44.7%), hypertension(18.8%), digestive diseases(17.1%), diabetes(10.5%) were found to be higher. than other chronic diseases among the elderly. The frequency score of health food intake was not significantly different according to self-perceived health status, disease status, or the level of ADL and IADl.. The must important source of information for health food intake was the recommendation of friends and relatives(68.7%). Twenty eight point two percent of the elderly considered health foods to be effective, however 8.3% of the elderly considered them to be ineffective. The elderly with chronic diseases had taken health floods in the descending order of neuralgia-arthritis, hypertension, digestive disease, diabetes. The elderly with digestive diseases, diabetes, renal disease, neuralgia- arthritis and respiratory disease were inclined to habitually take health floods once or twice per year. Intake of Korean traditional folk food was as high as intake of registered health food and Chinese tonic medicine. The most frequently taken health food was tonic medicine, which is fo11owed by pumpkin, ginseng products, herbal tea formula with black goat, deer antler and Kye-so-ju. Intakes of health food such as tonic medicine, blood of the deer, royal jelly, aloe were found to be higher among the elderly with chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and digestive disease. However, intakes of ginseng products, deer antler, pumpkin, herbal tea formula with black goat and Kye-so-ju were found to be higher among the healthy elderly. The elderly with neuralgia-arthritis had taken sixteen kinds of health foods. From these results, a wide consumer education program should be developed to convince people of the importance of well-balanced diet and to choose proper health foods according to the elderly's health conditions. Also, comprehensive and scientific research into Korean traditional folk foods are needed for the correct use.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 2009

Traffic accident risk index Computation model's development apply traffic level of significance about area of road user group, road and street network area, population group etc.. through numerical formula or model by countermeasure to reduce the occurrence rate of traffic accidents. Is real condition that is taking advantage of risk by tangent section through estimation model and by method to choose improvement way to intersection from outside the country, and is utilizing being applied in part business in domestic. However, question is brought in the accuracy being utilizing changing some to take external model in domestic real condition than individual development of model. Therefore, selection intersection estimation element through traffic accidents occurrence present condition, geometry structure, control way, traffic volume, turning traffic volume etc. in 96 intersections in this research, and select final variable through correlation analysis of abstracted estimation elements. Developed intersection design model taking advantage of signal type, numeric of lane, intersection type, analysis of variance techniques through ANOVA analysis of three variables of intersection form with selected variable lastly, in signal crossing through three class intersection, distinction variable choice risk in model, no-signal crossing risk distinction analysis model and so on develop.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2015

This study examined pre-service secondary physics teachers' epistemological beliefs about scientific knowledge, science learning, and science teaching in two different science content topics, Lamarckism and the impetus theory. Two sets of open-ended questionnaires, for each of the topics respectively, were developed in the same format. The pre-service teachers completed the questionnaires at one month intervals. The beliefs were analyzed in two dimensions, knowledge justification and knowledge change for each belief area. The findings show that the majority of pre-service teachers held sophisticated epistemological beliefs about scientific knowledge regardless of content topics. On the other hand, more pre-service teachers exhibited sophisticated beliefs about science learning in the context impetus theory than Lamarckism. In the area of science teaching, the majority of pre-service teachers demonstrated a sophisticated view in knowledge justification but a naive view in knowledge change. When consistency across science topics and belief areas were examined, few pre-service teachers held consistent epistemological beliefs across all topics and areas. The difference in the levels of sophistication in belief areas showed that the pre-service teachers did not connect their epistemological beliefs about science knowledge to their ideas about science teaching and learning. This disconnection seems to make the consistency across topics and areas complicated. The difference in epistemological beliefs about science learning and teaching between two science topics need further inquiry. Implications for teacher education are offered.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.291-304
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• 2021

Updating a forest type map is essential for sustainable forest resource management and monitoring to cope with climate change and various environmental problems. According to the necessity of efficient and wide-area forestry remote sensing, CAS500-4 (Compact Advanced Satellite 500-4; The agriculture and forestry satellite) project has been confirmed and scheduled for launch in 2023. Before launching and utilizing CAS500-4, this study aimed to pre-evaluation the possibility of satellite-based tree species classification using RapidEye, which has similar specifications to the CAS500-4. In this study, the study area was the Chuncheon forest management complex, Gangwon-do. The spectral information was extracted from the growing season image. And the GLCM texture information was derived from the growing and non-growing seasons NIR bands. Both information were used to classification with random forest machine learning method. In this study, tree species were classified into nine classes to the coniferous tree (Korean red pine, Korean pine, Japanese larch), broad-leaved trees (Mongolian oak, Oriental cork oak, East Asian white birch, Korean Castanea, and other broad-leaved trees), and mixed forest. Finally, the classification accuracy was calculated by comparing the forest type map and classification results. As a result, the accuracy was 39.41% when only spectral information was used and 69.29% when both spectral information and texture information was used. For future study, the applicability of the CAS500-4 will be improved by substituting additional variables that more effectively reflect vegetation's ecological characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.166-185
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• 2013

After analyzing the location, arrangement, inner structure, and form of the hunting pit in the Bronze Age, this paper sets up three types and talks about types of hunting pits. After analyzing the types of the hunting pit, three types of hunting pits are derived: mountain district - large group's arrangement - long oval - I II type(A), mountain district - arrangement in a line - oval - I type(B), flat area - arrangement in a line - oval - I III type(C). Literature, the ways in hunting pits, the purpose of the installations, and the characters are studied and compared with those of the anthropological cases. Even though hunting pits of types A and B are constructed to hide and get protein and bone of animals for breeding, there are differences in the ways in hunting and characters. Type of A seems to be constructed only for occupation that is the standardized hunting method on a small works. However, type B is the chasing method to hunt as a group and it has various purposes including main occupation. For example, it is for improving the war skills by practicing the hunting strategies and cooperating with the people. In addition, it is for getting a sacrifice for god. The type C hunting pit is estimated that it plays a role to protect themselves from invasion. It's inferred that there are many purposes for military defense and protection of people or animals within the village. It is the reason why the construction is spread in hunting pit including various purposes in the Bronze age that originates in social and economical specialization like the increase in agricultural productivity and appearance of a chief.