• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and radiographical results of anatomical reconstruction by Chen method for chronic lateral ankle instability. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with chronic lateral ankle instability who had undergone anatomical reconstruction of anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments by Chen method were evaluated retrospectively. Average age of the patients was 31.3 years, and average follow-up period was 15.5 months. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs including varus stress view and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analyzed. The clinical evaluation was performed according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale. Results: Radiographically average talar tilt angle was $15.3^{\circ}$ preoperatively, and the difference with contralateral normal side was $10.1^{\circ}$. At last follow up, talar tile angle and the difference with contralateral side improved to $5.9^{\circ}$ and $1.3^{\circ}$ respectively. AOFAS scale was 66.6 preoperatively and 87.3 postoperatively. In MRI findings, four patients had associated intra-articular lesion such as articular cartilage defect, synovitis and osteoarthritis. The talar tilt angle improvement and AOFAS scale of patients without intra-articular lesion was better than those of four patients with intra-articular lesions. Surgical wound pain occurred in six patients and sural neuropathy in three patients. Conclusion: The anatomical reconstruction by Chen method was an easy and effective procedure for symptomatic chronic lateral ankle instability. Careful operative technique may prevent the surgical wound pain and sural neuropathy.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.797-805
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this clinical case is to evaluate the efficacy of traditional Korean medicine as a treatment for fibromyalgia. Methods: The patient was treated with Korean medicine therapy (herbal medicine, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and Chu-na therapy). We measured the status and progress of this patient using a numerical rating scale (NRS), EuroQol-5D, range of movement (ROM), and a special test. Results: After the treatments, the patient's pain was controlled and the NRS score decreased. The overall symptoms of the patient and the EQ-5D score were both improved. The ROM and special test score were also improved. Conclusions: Traditional Korean medicine may have positive effects as a treatment for fibromyalgia.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1115-1124
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• 1996

An MCL(Molten Caustic Leaching) treatment is a chemical refinery process which is used for the desulfurization and demineralization by alkali treatment. The MCL treatment removes ash by converting mineral like Si, Fe, V, Ni etc. in petroleum cokes into soluble salts. The MCL has an advantage minimizing carbon loss in comparison to other desulfurization process. Reaction variables for the desulfurization and demineralization in the study were leaching temperature, leaching time, ratio of caustic to cokes, acid concentration and time for washing, and particle size. At the optimum condition, above 99% of desulfurization and about 90% of demineralization was obtained. FT-IR and SEM analysis showed that the structure and surface of the particle was closely related with the degree of sulfur and ash removal, and leaching temperature as well.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2017

Recovery of sulfuric acid is very important after biomass converted to sugar by acid hydrolysis. In this work, the separation of sulfuric acid from sulfuric acid/glucose solution was studied by electrodiaysis. Three chamber method, which requires both anion membrane and cation membrane, is the most commonly used in the electrodialysis process, but two chamber method using only an anion membrane was the focus of this study. Sulfuric acid was perfectly separated from a mixture of 10~30 wt% glucose and 1~3 M sulfuric acid by electrodialysis using two chamber method. The separation rate of sulfuric acid lineary increased with higher current density when the affect of diffusion and convection of the membrane was small. Without electric energy, 45% of sulfuric acid was separated by diffusion and convection only.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 2008

Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory disease, and chemokines play an important role in both initiation and progression of atherosclerosis development. Leukotactin-1 (Lkn-1/CCLl5), a new member of the human CC chemokine family, is a potent chemoattractant for leukocytes. Our previous study has demonstrated that Lkn-1/CCL15 plays a role in the initiation of atherosclerosis, however, little is currently known whether Lkn-1/CCL15 is associated with the progression of atherosclerosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human coronary atherosclerotic lesions playa crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis by altering the vulnerability of plaque rupture. In the present study, we examined whether Lkn-1/CCLl5 modulates MMP-9 release, which is a prevalent form expressed by activated macrophages and foam cells. Human THP-1 monocytic cells and/or human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) were treated with phorbol myristate acetate to induce their differentiation into macrophages. Foam cells were prepared by the treatment of THP-1 macrophages with human oxidized LDL. The macrophages and foam cells were treated with Lkn-1/CCL15, and the levels of MMP-9 release were measured by Gelatin Zymography. Lkn-1/CCL15 significantly enhanced the levels of MMP-9 protein secretion from THP-1 monocytic cells-derived macrophages, human PBMC-derived macrophages, as well as macrophage-derived foam cell in a dose dependent manner. Our data suggest that the action of Lkn-1/CCL15 on macrophages and foam cells to release MMP-9 may contribute to plaque destabilization in the progression of atherosclerosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.543-547
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• 2019

Toxoplasma gondii can infect humans worldwide, causing serious diseases in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. T. gondii rhoptry protein 13 (ROP13) is known as one of the key proteins involved in host cell invasion. In this study, we generated virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccine expressing T. gondii rhoptry ROP13 and investigated VLPs vaccine efficacy in mice. Mice immunized with ROP13 VLPs vaccine elicited significantly higher levels of T. gondii-specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA antibody responses following boost immunization and challenge infection, whereas antibody inductions were insignificant upon prime immunization. Differing immunization routes resulted in differing antibody induction, as intranasal immunization (IN) induced greater antibody responses than intramuscular immunization (IM) after boost and challenge infection. IN immunization induced significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA antibody responses from feces, antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), $CD4^+$ T, $CD8^+$ T cells and germinal center B cell responses in the spleen compared to IM immunization. Compared to IM immunization, IN immunization resulted in significantly reduced cyst counts in the brain as well as lesser body weight loss, which contributed to better protection. All of the mice immunized through either route survived, whereas all na?ve control mice perished. These results indicate that the ROP13 VLPs vaccine could be a potential vaccine candidate against T. gondii infection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.649-660
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• 2021

In this study, soybean pods of 45 soybean landraces (or varieties) were classified as yellow (19 samples), black (23 samples), or black in green (3 samples) based on soybean seed coat color. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were measured, and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and estrogen-like activities were assessed. Total polyphenol and flavonoid content ranges were 24.13-108.03 mg GAE/g and 3.31-72.02 mg CE/g, respectively, and were highest in the black group followed by the yellow group and were least in the black in green group, while ABTS and DPPH activities followed the order black in green > black > yellow. Estrogen-like and estrogen receptor-α activity ranges were 29.06-35.58 pg/mL and 7.05-10.13 pg/mL and were followed the order yellow > black > black in green and black in green > yellow > black, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory and UCP-1 activities followed the same order as estrogen receptor-α activities. Our findings suggest that soybean pods are excellent sources of antioxidants and high-quality functional materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.503-523
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to select 30 representative Korean dishes by a systematic review of preferences and recognition of Korean foods. The papers for the review were located using the keywords 'hansik', 'hanguk eumsik' from DBpia, KISS, NDSL and RISS, and 18 relevant papers were finally short-listed. To analyze the preferences of Koreans and foreigners for Korean dishes, respondents were chosen from various regions such as Asia, Europe, South Pacific, Africa, and North/South America. A total of 4,053 respondents participated in the selected papers and Korean dishes were classified according to the content analysis based on books published by the Rural Development Administration (RDA). Among the main dishes, two kinds of cooked rice were selected, bibimbap and kimbap. Also, noodles, dumplings, and sliced rice cake soup varieties mul-naengmyeon, guksujangguk, mandu, and tteokguk were selected as main dishes. The side dishes selected included 6 kinds of soup, miyeokguk, yukgaejang, samgyetang, gomtang, seolleongtang, and galbi-tang. Other side dishes selected were six types of stews namely doenjang-jjigae, kimchi-jjigae, sundubu-jjigae, haemultang, maeuntang, and dakbokkeum-tang. Three kinds of grilled side dishes selected were bulgogi, galbi-gui, and samgyeopsal-gui. Galbi-jjim was selected in the category of braised or steamed foods. Tteokbokki and japchae were the stir-fried food selected. Pan-fried foods and fried foods selected included a kind of haemul-pajeon and dak-gangjeong respectively. Seasoned vegetables selected were samsaek-namul including gosari-namul, sigeumchi-namul and doraji-namul. Two kinds of baechukimchi and kkakdugi were selected as kimchies, and sikhye was selected in the category of beverages and teas. These results could be used as selection criteria in developing recipes for representative Korean menus.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2022

In this study, Pukyong National University's floating population survey and analysis were conducted using Raspberry Pie, an open source hardware, and object detection algorithms based on deep learning technology. After collecting images using Raspberry Pie, the person detection of the collected images using YOLO3's IMAGEAI and YOLOv5 models was performed, and Haar-like features and HOG models were used for accuracy comparison analysis. As a result of the analysis, the smallest floating population was observed due to the school anniversary. In general, the floating population at the entrance was larger than the floating population at the exit, and both the entrance and exit were found to be greatly affected by the school's anniversary and events.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.519-528
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• 2022

The Cheonggukjang used in this study was made with four soybean cultivars grown and harvested at the National Agrobiodiversity Center of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences: C1 (KLS87248), C2 (Nongrim 51), C3 (GNU-2007-14613), and C4 (Daewon). The soybeans were inoculated with Bacillus subtilis AFY-2 and fermented for 0, 12, 21, 36, 45, and 60 h in a culture room at 35℃. ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities were significantly increased upon fermentation for 12 hours in all samples and maintained or decreased after 21 hour The inhibition of NO production was significantly increased compared to the LPS-treated group, and the C2 sample showed inhibition of NO production at 12 hours of fermentation, and the C3 sample showed inhibition at 21 hours of fermentation. PCA analysis revealed that the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity and NO production inhibitory activity reached peak levels around 12 h fermentation time for all samples. Our results indicate that the optimal fermentation time of the Cheonggukjang sample is 12 hours, confirming the high correlation of all experiments.