• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.81-82
• /
• 2001

The human ribosomal protein 54 genes, RPS4X and RPS4Y are located on the X and Y chromosomes. They have been postulated as candidate for Turner syndrome which was characterized by gonadal dysgenesis, short stature, and various external and internal anomalies. Using the BLAST search program, we identified sixteen RPS4 pseudogenes from the human genome and analyzed them phylogenetically. The RPS4-C12-1, C12-2, and C12-3 pseudogenes from chromosome 12 have been evolved independently during hominid evolution. The RPS4X gene from X chromosome it closely related to the RPS4-C12-2 from chromosome 12 and RPS4-C5 from chromosome 5, whereas the RPS4Y gene is very closely related to RPS4-C16 from chromosome 16. The exact mapping of the RPS4 pseudogene family was peformed, indicating that the RPS4 pseudogene family was mapped on human chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19 and 20. Taken together, the precise chromosomal localization and phylegenetic relationship of the RPS4 pseudo-genes could be of great use in further study for understanding the Turner syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.161-167
• /
• 2008

New somatic chromosome numbers and karyotype analyses of 33 medicinal herbs (30 genera, 23 families) in Korea were investigated. The chromosome numbers of 4 taxa, Euryale ferox, Rodgersia podophylla, Cirsium japonicum var. ussurience, Eehinops setifer, showed results that are different from previous reports. Among 33 taxa, 23 taxa were reported for the first time, and karyotype analyses were newly conducted for 2 taxa (Tiarella polyphylla, Crepidiastrum denticulatum) in Korea. In addition, we observed for the first time the new chromosome numbers for 4 taxa distributed evenly over the world (Lindera erythrocarpa, Corylopsis glabrescens var. gotoana, Ardisia crenata, Callicarpa japonica var. luxurians).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.311-319
• /
• 2001

In order to evaluate taxonomic status of Latcuca hallaisanensis H. $L{\acute{e}}v$., an endemic species of the Jeju-do Island, we investigated fruit wall structure and chromosome morphology. The fruit wall structure had 10-11 obtuse costae in the transverse section. The costa was wholly occupied by libriform fiber cells, and the underlying fibersclereid tissue was only one to three cells layers thick. Also, the intercosta lacked fiber-sclereid layers. Somatic chromosome numbers and karyotype of Latcuca hallaisanensis were recorded for the first time. This diploid species (2n=10) with the same basic number of x=5 has the total chromosome length $23.3{\mu}m$ and the length of each chromosome falls in $1.9{\mu}m-2.9{\mu}m$. It possess the karyotype complement i.e., 3sm+2st and a characteristic chromosome pair (No. 1 and 2) with a secondary constriction at the distal portion of the short arms. The overall similarity in external morphology (involucre, achene etc), chromosome morphology as well as in fruit wall anatomy between Lactuca hallaisanensis and Crepidiastrum s. lat. clearly indicated that this species should be treated as Crepidiastrum, rather than Lactuca.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.287-292
• /
• 2001

Selection of oocyte cryopreseivation method is a prerequisite factor for developing an effective bank system. To develop an effective vitrification method, we examined whether damages in spindle and chromosome morphology induced by vitrification. Intact cumulus-enclosed oocytes were vitrified with DPBS with 5.5 M ethylene glycol and 1.0 M sucrose, and loaded onto eletron microscopic copper grid for storing in liquid nitrogen. Intact vitrified and thawed oocytes were immunostaining for tubulin and karyotying for chromosome. Vitrfied and thawed oocytes had a higher rate of chromosome (32.8% vs. 19.6%) and spindle (32.3% vs. 20.2%) abnormalities compared with fresh oocytes. Mouse oocytes after vitrification at the mature stage showed increased incidence of chromosomal and spindle abnormalities.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2003

Karyotype analysis and chromosomal localization of 5S and 45S rDNAs using FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) technique were carried out in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. Somatic chromosome number of N. plumbaginifolia was 2n=20 and kyarotype was composed of three pairs of metacentric chromosomes (1,2 and 7) and seven pairs of submetacentric chromosomes (3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10). Length of chromosomes was ranged from 2.29 to 4.50 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Chromosome 1 and 2 were identified as satellite chromosomes. In FISH experiment, one pair of 5S rDNA signals was detected on the centromeric region of chromosome 2 and one pair of 45S rDNA signals was detected on the terminal region of chromosome 1.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.342-347
• /
• 1989

by use of HCl-Giemsa technique and light microscope, dividing vegetative nuclei in hyphae of Fusarium species were observed and the results are summerized. The chromosome number of these fungi was ranged 4 to 8. Of the 20 strains, the highest haploid chromosome number is 8 in F. solani S Hongchun K4, F. moniliforme (from banana) and F. raphani (from radish). The lowest is 4 in F. sporotrichioides NRRL 3510 and F. equiseti KFCC 11843 IFO 30198. F. solani 7468 (from Sydney), F. solani 7475 (from Sydney), F. oxysporum(from tomato). F. roseum (from rice), F. sporotrichioides C Jngsun 1, F. equiseti C Kosung 1 and F. avenaceum 46039 are n=7. F. moniliforme (from rice) F. graminearum, F. proliferatum 6787 (from Syndey), F. proliferatum 7459 (from Synder) and F. anguioides ATCC 20351 are n=6. F. moniliforme NRRL 2284, F. poae NRRL 3287 and F. trincinctum NRRL 3299 are n=5. From these results, it may be concluded that the basic haploid chromosome number of the genus Fusarium is 4 and mat have been evolutionary variation of chromosome number through aneuploidy and polyploidy.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.216-219
• /
• 2009

The somatic chromosome of two taxa, Galium elegans Wall. ex Roxb(Sect. Cymogaliea Pobed) and Galium asperifolium Wall. ex Roxb(Sect. Leptogalium Lang), in Yunnan, China were investigated. The taxa were reported for the first time. The somatic chromosome numbers of G. elegans was 2n = 22(X = 11), diploid, from two regions, Mt. Canghsan and Hutiaoxia Valley. Those of G. asperifolium were found as 2n = 33, 44, 55(X = 11) with triploid, tetraploid, pentaploid. Most of G. elegans in the Yunnan were confirmed as diploid. The somatic chromosome number of G. asperifolium was found polyploidy, and the investigation revealed that triploid and tetraploid are living together as mixed population in the Mt. Canghsan.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.58 no.8
• /
• pp.313-316
• /
• 2015

Interstitial deletions involving the chromosome band 15q22q24 are very rare and only nine cases have been previously reported. Here, we report on a 12-day-old patient with a de novo 15q22q23 interstitial deletion. He was born by elective cesarean section with a birth weight of 3,120 g at 41.3-week gestation. He presented with hypotonia, sensory and neural hearing loss, dysmorphism with frontal bossing, flat nasal bridge, microretrognathia with normal palate and uvula, thin upper lip in an inverted V-shape, a midline sacral dimple, severe calcanovalgus at admission, and severe global developmental delay at 18 months of age. Fluorescence in situ hybridization findings confirmed that the deleted regions contained at least 15q22. The chromosome analysis revealed a karyotype of 46,XY,del(15) (q22q23). Parental chromosome analysis was performed and results were normal. After reviewing the limited literature on interstitial 15q deletions, we believe that the presented case is the first description of mapping of an interstitial deletion involving the chromosome 15q22q23 segment in Korea. This report adds to the knowledge of the clinical phenotype associated with the 15q22q23 deletion.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 1991

During the years 1984 to 1989, in order to determine of chromosome abnormalities are associated with recurrent spontaneous abortions, cytogenetic studies were performed 384 couples. Abnormal karyotypes were found in 51(13.3%) couples. There was no apparent relation with the number of abortions. The abnormalities were as follows: 17(4.4%) balanced translocation; 15(3.9%) mosaicisms; 17(4.4%) pericentric inversion; 2(0.5%) addition or isochromosome. Chromosome abnormalities were observed in 34(67%) of the wives and 17(33%) of the husbands. In addition, we detected polymorphic variants of chromosomes in 89(23.2%) subjects. Reciprocal translocations(13/17) were more common than the robertsonian type(4/17). All of the mosaicisms were associated with the sex chromosomes in 10 females and 5 males subjects. Pericentric inversions were most common in chromosome 9. Compared to previously studied general populations, significantly higher frequencies of translocations, mosaicisms and inversions were found in couples with repetitive spontaneous abortion. This suggests that couples should have chromosome studies after two or more abortions.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.219-229
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study is to investigate college science students' and science teachers' understanding of chromosomal behavior in the context of cell division. The research problems were as follows: 1. What is the level of college science students' understandings of chromosomal behaviors? 2. What is the level of science teachers' understandings of chromosomal behaviors? 3. What is the level of understanding by grade and major area? The sample consisted of 28 sophomore, 17 junior and 23 senior biology students; and 23 middle school science teachers and 14 high school biology teachers. The instrument of the study was a short answer required paper and pencil test. The results of the study were as follows: 1) About 15 percent of the sample could not count the number of chromosome in a cell in appropriate. 2) Seventy percent of the students, and 80 percent of the teachers identified homologous chromosomes as ones with the similar shape and size, and 30 percent of the whole sample could not pair two homologous chromosomes. 3) About 70 percent of the students and 30 percent of the teachers could not mark corresponding allele on chromosome. 4) Biology major students showed higher understanding of overall chromosomal behaviors than non Biology students. Based upon the results, some implications were made. The major one was a development of a teaching model in which students can improve the ability to connect chromosome theory to mendelian genetics.