• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1998

자궁 경부암으로 전 골반에 균일하게 방사선 치료를 받은 3명의 환자들을 대상으로 말초혈액임파구의 염색체이상 빈도를 정기적으로 측정함으로써 반복 피폭에 의한 염색체이상 빈도의 변화양상을 구명하고자 하였다. 방사선 조사전에 채취한 혈액에서 얻은 Ydr 값은 0.0060, 0.0000, 0.0029였다. 방사선량이 증가함에 따라 Ydr 값은 직선적으로 증가하였고 측정치들로부터 구한 선형 회귀식은 $Ydr=7.31{\times}10^{-5}D(cGy)+1.45{\times}10^{-2}$(r2=0.8798)이었다 Qdr(d, r)값도 선량 증가에 따라 직선적으로 증가하는 양상을 보였으며 회귀식은 $Qdr=1.01{\times}10^{-4}D(cGy)+1.04$(r2=0.5912)이었다. 따라서 신체 일부에 방사선을 분할 조사할 경우 일정범위 이하의 방사선량에서는 방사선에 의한 염색체이상의 빈도가 직선적으로 증가함을 알 수 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.39-57
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• 1985

Presented in this paper the data from a chromosome study of 397 patients referred for suspected chromosmal abnormalities. Karyotypes were obtained using short-term blood culture and direct method. Of these 238 patients had normal chromosome complements; 159 (40.1%) patients had chromosome abnormality. Among all patients with chromosome abnormalities, 82.4% (131/159) had aberrations of chromosome number, the others 17.60/0 (28/159\ had aberrations of chromosome structure. Ten had a chromosome rearrangement; Five of them were reciprocal and five Robertsonian translocations. Four patients with pericentric inversions and one with paracentric inversions and four with isochromosomes were observed. There were four patients with marker chromosome, two patients had a chromosome insertion; and three others. (additional abnormal chromosomes.) Thus the results of the present study indicate the importance of cytogenetic evaluation in clinically abnormal patients.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2002

Benzene is a widespread human carcinogen, inducing leukemia and hematotoxicity. Exposure to benzene metabolites has been shown to cause genetic damage, including aneusomy and chromosome aberrations. Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) procedure was used to determine if the benzene metabolite, 1, 2, 4-benzenetriol(BT), hydroquinone(HQ) and trans, trans-muconic acid(t,t-MA) induced specific chromosomal change in HL-60 cells. Treatment with BT, HQ and t,t-MA resulted in the induction of monosomy 8 and 21 in HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner. All of these metabolites also induced trisomy 8 and 21, but no correlation between frequencies of trisomy and concentration was found. Translocations between chromosome 8 and another unidentified chromosome ［t(8:\ulcorner)］, and between chromosome 21 and another unidentified chromosome ［t(8:21)］ were found. However, translocation between chromosome 8 and 21 ［t(8:21)］ was not found. Results indicate that the benzene metabolites, BT, HQ and t,t-MA, induce chromosome specific numerical and structural aberrations, and the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) approach may be a useful and powerful technique for detection of aneuploidy.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.633-645
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• 2015

This study investigates the genotoxicity of crude antifungal compounds produced by Lactobacillus plantarum AF1 (L.plantarum AF1) and Lactobacillus plantarum HD1 (L. plantarum HD1) isolated from kimchi. The genetic toxicity of crude antifungal compounds was evaluated in bacterial reverse mutation in Salmonella and Escherichia spp., chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster lung cells, and micronucleous formations in mice. In bacterial reversion assays with Salmonella Typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and WP2uvrA, crude antifungal compounds did not increase the number of revertant colonies in both the absence and presence of the 59 metabolic activation system. In the chromosome aberration test with Chinese hamster lung cells, crude antifungal compounds showed no increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the short-period test with/without the S9 mix or in the continuos test. In the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, crude antifungal compounds showed no increase in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei. The results show that crude antifungal compounds produced by L. plantarum AF1 and L. plantarum HD1 did not induce any genotoxicity.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 2002년도 국제심포지엄
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• pp.73-73
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• 2002

Nuclear transfer (NT) techniques have advanced in the last years, and cloned animals have been produced by using somatic cells in several species including pig. However, it is difficult that the nuclear transfer porcine embryos development to blastocyst stage overcoming the cell block in vitro. Abnormal segregation of chromosomes in nuclear transferred embryos on genome activation stage bring about embryo degeneration, abnormal blastocyst, delayed and low embryo development. Thus, we are evaluated that the correlations of the frequency of embryo developmental rates and chromosome aberration in NT and In viかo fertilization (IVF) derived embryo. We are used for ear-skin-fibroblast cell in NT. If only karyotyping of embryonic cells are chromosomally abnormal, they may difficultly remain undetected. Then, we evaluate the chromosome aberrations, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with porcine chromosome 1 submetacentric specific DNA probe were excuted. In normal diploid cell nucleus, two hybridization signal was detected. In contrast, abnormal cell figured one or three over signals. The developmental rates of NT and IVF embryos were 55% vs 63%, 32% vs 33% and 13% vs 17% in 2 cell, 8 cell and blastocyst, respectively. When looking at the types of chromosome aberration, the detection of aneuploidy at Day 3 on the embryo culture. The percentage of chromosome aneuploidy of NT and IVF at 4-cell stage 40.0%, 31.3%, respectively. This result indicate that chromosomal abnormalities are associated with low developmental rate in porcine NT embryo. It is also suggest that abnormal porcine embryos produced by NT associated with lower implantation rate, increase abortion rate and production of abnormal fetuses.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2017

This study was carried out to perform genotoxicological safety evaluation of crude antifungal compounds produced by Bacillus subtilis SN7 (B. subtilis SN7) isolated from meju. Bacterial reverse mutation assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 or Escherichia coli WP2uvrA in the presence and absence of the S9 metabolic activation system was carried out, and the crude antifungal compounds produced by B. subtilis SN7 showed no significant increase in the number of revertant colonies. In the chromosomal aberration tests using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells, sample treatment groups showed no increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations compared to the negative control group. Furthermore, in the micronucleus formation test, the crude antifungal compounds showed no significance increase in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei. These results suggest that the crude antifungal compounds produced by B. subtilis SN7 isolated from meju showed no harmful genotoxic effects.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.451-469
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• 1990

The present study was carried out to investigate whether the aloe had a radioprotective effect in mice exposed to cobalt-60 gamma radiation or not. The survival ratio of mice for 30 days, hematopoiesis of blood-forming stem cells by spleen colony assay, chromosomal aberration frequency of bone marrow cells and histopathological findings of bone marrow were investigated. The survival ratios of aloe administered groups with concentration of 250, 500, 1,000 and 1,500mg for 3 days before irradiation and control group in cobalt-60 gamma irradiated mice(700rads whole body irradiation, dose rate of 50rads/min.) were 77.4, 79.3, 80.6, 90.0 and 53.1％, respectively. The survival ratios of pre-irradiation aloe administered groups were superior to those of post-irradiation aloe groups and control group. In spleen colony assay, Aloe vera administration before irradiation enhanced the recoveries of numbers of blood-forming stem cells of bone marrow of irradiated mice. There were decreased chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow cells at the first day after irradiation in aloe administered groups compared to that of control group. Histopathological findings in the bone marrow of irradiated mice were hypocellularity due to the depletion of myelocytes, abundant of fat vacuoles and these changes were weakened in aloe administered groups compared to that of control group.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2006년도 Principles and Practice of Microarray for Biomedical Researchers
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• pp.71-76
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• 2006

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique for studying chromosomal changes in cancer. As cancerous cells multiply, they can undergo dramatic chromosomal changes, including chromosome loss, duplication, and the translocation of DNA from one chromosome to another. Chromosome aberrations have previously been detected using optical imaging of whole chromosomes, a technique with limited sensitivity, resolution, quantification, and throughput. Efforts in recent years to use microarrays to overcome these limitations have been hampered by inadequate sensitivity, specificity and flexibility of the microarray systems. The oligonucleotide CGH microarray system overcomes several scientific hurdles that have impeded comparative genomic studies of cancer. This new system can reliably detect single copy deletions in chromosomes. The system includes a whole human genome microarray, reagents for sample preparation, an optimized microarray processing protocol, and software for data analysis and visualization. In this study, we determined the sensitivity, accuracy and reproducibility of the new system. Using this assay, we find that the performance of the complete system was maintained over a range of input genomic DNA from 5 ug down to 0.15 ug.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.525-533
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• 1998

목적: 인체 말초혈액 림프구와 마우스의 골수세포에서 중기염색체 분석법과 미소핵 검사법을 각각 실시하여 저선량 방사선에 의한 적응반응이 몇 시간째에 가장 유의하게 나타나는지 알아보고, 중기염색체분석법과 미소핵 검사법간에 서로 상관관계를 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 건강한 비흡연자의 말초혈액과 ICR계 수컷 마우스 56마리를 대상으로 하였고, Cs-137 조사기를 이용하여 방사선을 조사하였다. 인체 말초혈액 림프구의 중기염색체 분석법은 세포 100개당 불안정 염색체인 반지형과 이 중 중심체형염색체의 숫자를 계수하였으며, 미소핵 검사법은 이핵세포 1,000개에서 나타나는 미소핵의 수를 계수하였다. 마우스 골수세포는 마우스의 대퇴골에서 추출한 후 중기염색체 분석법에 의해 불안정 염색체인 반지형과 이 중 중심체형 염색체의 숫자를 같은 방법으로 계수하였으며, 미소핵 검사법은 마우스 골수세포의 미성숙적혈구 1,000개에서 나타나는 미소핵의 수를 계수하였다. 대조군은 방사선을 조사하지 않은 군이며, 실험군은 0.18 Gy 및 2 Gy 단일조사군, 0.18 Gy 조사 후 4, 7, 12, 24시간 후에 다시 2Gy를 조사한 군으로 나누었고 각각의 군에서 두 검사법의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결과: 중기영색체 분석법과 미소핵 검사법 모두에서 저선량방사선을 조사한 후 7시간째에 고선량을 조사한 군에 적응반응이 가장 유의하게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 또한 중기염색체 분석법과 미소핵검사법은 인체 말초혈액림프구를 이용한 실험(r=0.98, p=0.001)과 마우스골수세포를 이용한 실험(r=0.99, p<0.001) 모두에서 매우 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 방사선에 대한적응반응이 생체내, 외 실험을 통하여 동신에 확증되었고, 저선량 조사 후 4시간 이후에 시작되어 7시간째에 가장 높은 효과를 나타내는 것으로 보인다. 또한 중기염색체 분석법과 미소핵 검사법은 인체 말초혈액 림프구나 마우스 골수세포를 이용한 실험 모두에서 매우 높은 상관관계가 있음을 알 수 있었고, 방사선에 의한 염색체 손상을 분석하고자 할 때 방법이 간편한 미소핵 검사를 사용하여도 중기 염색체분석법과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2004

The validation of many synthetic chemicals that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, the regulation and evaluation of the chemical hazard playa very important role to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 11 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast in vitro. Benzoyl chloride (CAS No. 98-88-4) induced chromosomal aberrations with statistical significance at the concentration of 31-123 $\mug/ml$ and 43 $\mug/ml$ in the absence and presence of S-9 metabolic activation system, respectively. 2-Propyn-l-o1 (CAS No. 107-19-7) and 2-Phenoxy ethanol (CAS No. 122-99-6) revealed clastogenicity only at the highest concentration in the presence of S-9 mixture. However, 1-naphthol (CAS No. 90-15-3) which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 11 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity both in the presence and absence of S-9 metabolic activation system. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 11 synthetic chemicals in CHL fibroblast in vitro, Benzoyl chloride (CAS No. 98-88-4), 2-Propyn-l-01 (CAS No. 107-19-7) and 2-Phenoxy ethanol (CAS No. 122-99-6) revealed positive clastogenic results in this study.