• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.297-314
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• 2016

With the mining depth continuously increasing, gas emission behaviors become more and more complex. Gas emission is an important basis for choosing the method of gas drainage, gas controlling. Thus, the accurate prediction of gas emission is of great significance for coal mine. In this work, based on the sources of gas emission from the heading faces and the fluid-solid coupling process, we established a gas continuous dynamic emission model, numerically simulated and applied it to the engineering. The result was roughly consistent with the actual situation and shows the model is correct. We proposed the measures of reducing the excavation distance and borehole gas drainage based on the model. The measures were applied and the result shows the overproof problem of gas emission disappears. The model considered the influence factors of gas emission wholly, and has a wide applicability, promotional value. The research is of great significance for the controlling of gas disaster, gas drainage and pre-warning coal and gas outbursts based on gas emission anomaly at the heading face.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.519-525
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 체육과 창의 융합교육이 강조되고 있는 시점에서 체육과 표현 활동 영역에서 실천가능한 창의 인성 요소를 제시하고 이에 따른 성취기준을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 총 25명의 델파이 전문가 위원을 선정하여 총 3회의 델파이 조사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 연구 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, 표현 활동 창의 인성 요소는 독창성, 정교성, 감수성, 신뢰, 용기, 절제 등 총 27개 요소로 제시되었다. 둘째, 표현 활동 성취기준은 27개의 창의 인성 요소에 따라 개발되어 총 54개로 제시되었다. 창의 인성 성취기준은 표현 활동의 주된 학습 내용인 창작, 표현, 감상 활동 별로 적용할 수 있는 모듈식으로 제시되어 있기 때문에 체육교사가 의도한 교육 목표에 따라 창의 인성 요소를 다양하게 선택하여 수업을 계획할 수 있다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2017

본 연구는 간호대학생의 자아탄력성, 간호전문직관, 사회적 지지가 학과만족에 미치는 영향에 대해 확인하고자 하였다. 2017년 4월부터 5월까지 간호대학생 272명으로부터 자료가 수집되었다. 연구도구는 자아탄력성, 간호전문직관, 사회적 지지, 학과만족이었다. 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과로 일반적 특성과 관련한 학과만족의 차이는 학과선택 이유, 동아리 활동, 성적에서 유의미했다. 자아탄력성, 간호전문직관, 사회적 지지, 학과만족은 유의미한 상관관계가 있었고, 간호대학생의 학과만족에 영향을 미치는 요인은 사회적 지지, 간호전문직관, 자아탄력성이었다. 간호대학생의 사회적 지지, 간호전문직관, 자아탄력성 증진을 위한 활동을 통해 학과만족이 향상될 수 있는 방안을 모색해야 할 것이다. 이는 그들이 대학생활에 적응하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2015

Aggregate Production Planning determines levels of production, human resources, inventory to maximize company's profits and fulfill customer's demands based on demand forecasts. Since performance of aggregate production planning heavily depends on accuracy of given forecasting demands, choosing an accurate forecasting method should be antecedent for achieving a good aggregate production planning. Generally, typical forecasting error metrics such as MSE (Mean Squared Error), MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation), MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error), and CFE (Cumulated Forecast Error) are utilized to choose a proper forecasting method for an aggregate production planning. However, these metrics are designed only to measure a difference between real and forecast demands and they are not able to consider any results such as increasing cost or decreasing profit caused by forecasting error. Consequently, the traditional metrics fail to give enough explanation to select a good forecasting method in aggregate production planning. To overcome this limitation of typical metrics for forecasting method this study suggests a new metric, WACFE (Weighted Absolute and Cumulative Forecast Error), to evaluate forecasting methods. Basically, the WACFE is designed to consider not only forecasting errors but also costs which the errors might cause in for Aggregate Production Planning. The WACFE is a product sum of cumulative forecasting error and weight factors for backorder and inventory costs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed metric by conducting intensive experiments with demand data sets from M3-competition. Finally, we showed that the WACFE provides a higher correlation with the total cost than other metrics and, consequently, is a better performance in selection of forecasting methods for aggregate production planning.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.342-360
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aimed to develop nutrition education program for consumers to reduce sodium intake based on social cognitive theory (SCT). Methods: The main factors of SCT related to low sodium diet were investigated by using focus group interview (FGI) with 30 women who participated in consumer organizations. Results: The main target groups for the education program were housewives (H), parents (P), and the office workers (OW), for which we considered their influences on other people and the surroundings. According to the results of FGI, in carrying out low sodium diet, 'positive outcome expectation' were prevention of chronic disease and healthy dietary habit, and 'negative outcome expectation' were low palatability of foods, difficulty in cooking meals, and limited choice of foods. The contents of the program and education materials were individualized by each group to raise self-efficacy and behavioral capability, which reflected the results of the FGI. The program included 'salt intake and health' to raise positive outcome expectation. For improving the ability to practice low-sodium diet, the program contained the contents that focused on 'cooking' and 'food purchasing' for H, on 'purchasing and selection of low-sodium food with the children' for P, and on 'way of selecting restaurant menu' for OW. Also the program included 'way of choosing the low-sodium foods when eating out' with suggestions on sodium content of the dishes and snacks. Further, 'dietary guidelines to reduce sodium intake' was also suggested to help self-regulation. Conclusions: This nutrition education program and education materials could be utilized for the community education and provide the basis for further consumer targeted education program for reducing sodium intake.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.196-207
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of the visual evaluation for the Picture image combination of Clothing and Ground. The major finding were as follows ; 1) For the visual evaluation of the Picture image as Clothing variation there were significant differences in all factors 2) For the visual evaluation of the Picture image as Ground variation there were significant differences in Attractiveness Hardness and softness Cuteness Attention Cool and Warm factor 3) For the visual evaluation of the Picture image as Percentage of Clothing there were significant differences in Attractiveness cool and Warm factor. It will Percentage of Clothing there were significant differences in Attractiveness Cool and Warm factor. It will aid in choosing the most beneficial background for any clothing brand. It will enhance the picture images to their full potential in any advertising medium 4) As a result of Regression analysis image effecting on " Preference" is refined-country like harmonious-inharmonious comfortable-uncomfortable beautiful-ugly splendid-dull stable-uneasy live-gentle 5) For the Image effecting on "Harmony" according to clothing image there were significant differences. the results analyzed according to the change of background are as follows. Mdern and strong images formed charming urban and cool visual images with urban and neat artificial backgrounds. Mature images were created with romantic and static artificial backgrounds. Mannish straight and conservative images created charming and rigid visual images in urban and formatted artificial background. Using a white natural background for the urban style created a cool visual image. The use of an interior background lead to warmer images and more defination lines Causal images created a rural and warm image which expressed charm and a soft visual while using a rural and natural background. A most unharmonious and hard image was created when using an urban and formatted artificial background. The coolest visual image was created with a cool and natural background. Feminine and flawless images created urban and neat visual image using an urban and formatted artificial background. The coolest visual image was fresh created with a cool and natural background. natural background.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2004

정보통신 기술의 발달로 인해 커뮤니케이션 환경이 급격하게 변화하고 있다. 그러한 변화 중 하나로 아바타가 인터넷상에서 새로운 커뮤니케이션 수단으로 대두되고 있으며, 디지털 콘텐츠의 수익모델로서도 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 이에 따라 인터넷 커뮤니티 내에 서 아바타 사용자는 급격히 증가하고 있지만, 사용자들이 아바타를 선택할 때 어떻게 의사결정을 하는 지에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 아바타 사용자들의 행동을 근거로 의사결정 모델을 구축하여 아바타의 디자인 개발에 활용할 수 있도록 하는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 연구에서는 아바타 사용자의 의사결정에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인과 과정을 조사, 분석하고, 사용 목적에 따라 의사결정 요인들과 정보탐색의 특성이 어떻게 달라지는지에 대해 고찰하였다. 이를 토대로 목적적 모델과 인지적 모델을 구축하고 각 모델의 프로토타입을 제작하였다. 끝으로 모델별로 디자인 가이드라인을 제시하였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2003

This research investigated the consumption of various rice-based processed foods of 279 housewives in Daegu. 70% of the housewives that responded to the question graduated from a high school or college, was 30∼40 years old and full-time housewives. The main places for purchasing the rice-based processed foods were large size discount store and supermarkets, as other industrial products and the family′s preference was the most critical factors in choosing the products. The fact that the main reason of purchasing the rice breads and cookies, instead of wheat, was "They may be good for health” indicated many housewives have a positive perception of rice-based foods. Among the rice-based processed foods, the using frequency of rice cake (dduk) was the highest, with rice cookies and rice drinks being the next most frequent. However, the frequencies of cooked rice (bob) and rice flour were very low. An analysis of the correlation for the using frequency of 15 rice-based processed foods showed that the use of rice cookies and breads, instead of wheat, was highly correlated to another 13 foods. The critical reasons why they do not consume cooked rice and rice flour were uncertainty of the purity of the rice and the addition of preservatives, and that with rice bread and noodles there was no information available about the products, and hey have a poor taste. The most common reasons of using cooked rice were no time to cook and simple curiosity about the products. However, the consumers were suspicious of containers, which were a potential cause of environmental hormones, and the high price of the products. Packed rice flour was mainly used as an ingredient to give the viscosity to a product. The advantages of using rice flour were that it was available to control the amount of buying and the convenience to buy. However, it was pointed out that the taste of products containing packed rice flour were poorer than that of rice flour ground at a mill.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.286-296
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The aim was to study the masking ability of high-translucency monolithic zirconia and provide guidance in selecting resin luting cements in order to mask discolored substrates. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 160 high-translucency zirconia specimens were divided into 32 groups depending on their thickness and shades. Using five shades of try-in paste, the specimens were luted onto the substrates (Co-Cr, precious-metal, opaque porcelain-sintered Co-Cr, opaque porcelain-sintered precious-metal, and 5M3-shade zirconia). All CIELAB color parameters were measured and statistically analyzed. RESULTS. Zirconia shade and thickness and try-in paste shade affected CIELAB color parameters (P=.000) in different substrates groups, and there were interactions among these factors (P=.000). All five try-in paste shades can be chosen to achieve ${\Delta}E$ values of zirconia with 1.2 - 1.5 mm for masking dark-tooth-like 5M3-shade and zirconia with 1.5 mm for masking precious-metal groups < 2.6. Only suitable try-in paste shades were used, can ${\Delta}E$ values that less than 2.6 be achieved when applied translucent monolithic zirconia with 0.7-1.0 mm for masking dark-tooth-like 5M3-shade and zirconia with 0.7 - 1.2 mm for masking precious-metal groups. CONCLUSION. Choosing suitable resin cement shades is necessary for high-translucency monolithic zirconia to achieve ideal masking ability (${\Delta}E$ < 2.6) on the dark-tooth.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.370-376
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• 2019

Background: Respirator fit testing is a method to assess if the respirator provides an adequate face seal for the worker. Methods: Workers from four Norwegian smelters were invited to participate in the study, and 701 respirator fit tests were performed on 127 workers. Fourteen respirator models were included: one FFABE1P3 and 11 FFP3 respirator models produced in one size and two silicone half masks with P3 filters available in three sizes. The workers performed a quantitative fit test according to Health and Safety Executive 282/28 with 5-6 different respirator models, and they rated the respirators based on comfort. Predictors of overall fit factors were explored. Results: The pass rate for all fit tests was 62%, 56% for women, and 63% for men. The silicone respirators had the highest percentage of passed tests (92-100%). The pass rate for the FFP3 models varied from 19-89%, whereas the FFABE1P3 respirator had a pass rate of 36%. Five workers did not pass with any respirators, and 14 passed with all the respirators tested. Only 63% passed the test with the respirator they normally used. The mean comfort score on the scale from 1 to 5 was 3.2. The respirator model was the strongest predictor of the overall fit factor. The other predictors (age, sex, and comfort score) did not improve the fit of the model. Conclusion: There were large differences in how well the different respirator models fitted the Norwegian smelter workers. The results can be useful when choosing which respirators to include in respirator fit testing programs in similar populations.