• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제45권10호
• /
• pp.573-578
• /
• 2008

In the preparation of hydroxyapatite(HAp)/gelatin(GEL) nanocomposite, GEL matrix was modified by the introduction of chondroitin sulfate(ChS) to obtain a strongly organized composite body. The formation reaction of the HAp/GEL-ChS nanocomposite was then investigated via XRD, DT/TGA, FT-IR, TEM and SEM. The organic-inorganic interaction between HAp nanocrystallites and GEL molecules was confirmed from DT/TGA and FT-IR. According to the DT/TGA results, the exothermal temperature zone between 300 and $550^{\circ}C$ showed an additional peak temperature that indicated the decomposition of the combined organics of the GEL and ChS. From the FT-IR analysis, calcium phosphate(Ca-P) was covalently bound with the GEL macromolecules modified by ChS. From TEM and ED, the matrix of the GEL-ChS molecules was mineralized by HAp nanocrystallites and the dense dried nanocomposite body was confirmed from SEM micrographs.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.872-877
• /
• 2009

By-products of marine organisms including salmon, skate, flatfish, and yellow goosefish were investigated to search for new source of chondroitin sulfate (CS). Agarose gel electrophoresis with chondroitinase depolymerization showed that purified chondroitin sulfate did not contain any other glycosaminoglycans. 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were acquired to confirm the structure and purity. The average molecular weight ranging from 22 to 64 kDa was determined by high performance size exclusion chromatography. Disaccharide compositions and purities were determined by strong anion exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (SAX-HPLC) after chondroitinase ABC depolymerization. SAX-HPLC data exhibited that the purity was from $81.7{\pm}1.3$ to $114.2{\pm}2.5%$ and the yield was from 1.3 to 12.5%. All analytical results indicate that salmon cartilage, skate cartilage, and yellow goosefish bone could be promising sources of CS to substitute shark cartilage CS in commercial neutraceuticals.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.308-316
• /
• 2010

상아모세포는 부착분자들을 이용하여 기질에 부착하는 세포이며, 인테그린과 같은 부착분자들이 일련의 세포와 세포외기질을 인지하는 신호전달분자로 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 상아모세포(MDPC-23 세포)와 I형 아교질과의 상호작용과 TGF-${\beta}1$과 TNF-${\alpha}$가 세포부착분자의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 본 연구에서 MDPC-23 세포는 농도의존적으로 I형 아교질에 부착했으며, 면역형광염색법에서 MDPC-23 세포가 아교질에 부착할 때, 국소부착점에서 인테그린 ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}2$, CD44, FAK 그리고 paxillin의 발현양상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 싸이토카인 TGF-${\beta}1$은 MDPC-23 세포의 아교질에 대한 부착성 및 인테그린 ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}2$와 chondroitin sulfate의 발현을 증가시켰으며, RT-PCR의 결과에서는 인테그린 ${\alpha}1$의 mRNA의 양이 TGF-${\beta}1$에 의해서 증가되었음을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 MDPC-23 세포는 아교질에 부착 친화성을 갖고 있으며, 부착 시에 인테그린 ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}2$와 CD44 그리고 chondroitin sulfate와 같은 부착분자들이 관여한다. 그리고 TGF-${\beta}1$은 인테그린 ${\alpha}1$, ${\alpha}2$ 그리고 chondroitin sulfate와 같은 부착분자의 발현을 증가시켰다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.72-80
• /
• 1997

식용 및 약용으로 이용한 역사가 오래인데도 불구하고 구성성분의 조성에 대하여 충분한 연구가 되어 있지 않은 해삼에서 당단백질과 황산콘드로이친을 추출정량하여 이들의 화학적 조성과 구조적 특성을 GC. MS및 IR로 검토하였다. 동결건조 해삼분말의 화학적인 조성은 sulfate esters함량이 0.90~l.21%, 다당류 함량이 23.08~26.97%였고 이를 구성하고 있는 구성단당류는 fucose의 함량이 30%이상을 차지하는 것을 비롯하여 glucose, N-acetylglucosamine, mannuronic acid, ribose의 5종이 거의 88%이상을 차지하고 있었고 그외 mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosaminne, D-glucuronic acid도 소량 검출되었다. 추출당단백질의 sulfate esters의 함량은 0.96~l.13%, 다당류의 함량은 58.7%~62.7%로 나타나고 주요 구성당은 fucose가 30%내외로 가장 많았으며 mannose, glucose와 ribose가 86%이상을 차지하며 galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, D-glucuronic acid, N-acetylglucosamine도 소량 함유하고 있었다. 동결건조 해삼분말에서 추출한 황산콘드이친의 황산기의 함량은 3.52~3.72%이었다. 이들의 구성성분은 fucose, N-acetylgalactosamine 및 D-glucuronic acid 이며 IR spectrum에서 1240$cm^{-1}$ /의 S=0신축진동과 850$cm^{-1}$ /나 820$cm^{-1}$ /의 C-O-S 신축진동이 나타나 fucose의 $C_4$의 결합위치를 나타내고 있었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 1992

These experiments were undertaken to investigate the rate of in vitro fertilization of bovine follicular oocytes treated with glycosaminoglycans(GAGs). Bovine follicular oocytes were obtained from the ovary of slaughtered animal and matured in media containing the various concentrations of hydluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate or heparin for 26 hours. Epididymal spermatozoa were capacitated and insemination was made by introducing about 10~15 matured oocytes into the suspension of spermatozoa. Six hour after insemination the eggs were transferred to TCM-199 supplemented with FCS(10%) and then examined the embryo development. After in vitro insemination, percentages of ova fertilized were 61.3 or 48.3%, respectively, for the cumulus intact or removed in the percentages of GAGs. However, in case of cumulus-free oocytes treated with GAGs, the fertilization rates were 58.8, 62.1, 58.8, and 61.8%, respectively, showing significant effect compared to 48.3% in cumulus-free oocytes. Our findings suggest that cnondroitin sulfate and heparin are superior to hyaluronic acid in the fertilizatin and pronuclear formation of bovine oocytes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.105-109
• /
• 1980

A general spectroscopic method is described for studies on the complex formation between metal ions and ligands, and is applied to $Cu^{2+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$binding to glycosaminoglycans. The order of binding constants for both ions is heparin >dermatan sulfate >chondroitin sulfate. The electrostatic forces are shown to be the predominant factor in the interaction. The 2- to 3-fold higher affinity for $Cu^{2+}$ than for $Ca^{2+}$ is obtained for heparin and dermatan sulfate, but little difference for chondroitin sulfate. These results are explained as chelation of both carboxyl and sulfate groups to $Cu^{2+}$ in former cases. The difference of binding constants among glycosaminoglycans is related to proposed various biological functions of the biopolymers.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.290.1-290.1
• /
• 2002

The surgically ovariectomized rat induces aging by reactive oxyyen species(ROS) generation. Free oxygen radicals have been proposed as important causative agents of aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Chondroitin Sulfate(CS) to prevent ovariectomy(OVX) induced oxidative stress and atherosclerosis. The OVX rats were given intraperitoneally CS at dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg daily for fifteen weeks. (omitted)

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.269-279
• /
• 2000

최근 많은 연구자들에 의해 무혈청 배양 체계에 대한 관심이 증가해가고 있다. 이러한 연구 동향에 대한 접근의 일환으로 GAGs의 첨가는 무혈청 배양 체계 확립의 가능성을 제시해 주었을 뿐만 아니라 수정란 이식에 있어서도 동질의 수정란을 공급할 수 있는 배양 체계 확립으로의 접근이 가능해졌다. 특히, 배양액에 혈청인자의 대체물질로 hyaluronic acid 0.1, 0.5, 1.0mg/$m\ell$의 첨가와 chondroitin sulfate 0.5mg/$m\ell$ 을 첨가하였을 때 혈청의 대체효과가 나타났는데, 이러한 결과를 통해 혈청인자 대신 GAGs를 첨가함으로써 기존의 포유동물의 체외배양에 있어 혈청 첨가에 의해 발생되는 세포 이상과 기형을 줄이고, 각 혈청 인자간에서 생기는 조성분의 차이를 줄이므로 생명 공학 연구의 기초적인 연구 자료가 될 뿐 아니라 수정란 이식에 있어 더욱 체계적이고 보편적인 배양 효과를 가져올 것으로 사료된다. 그러므로 더 나아가 GAGs의 다양한 조합을 통한 배양액 첨가와 시기별로 다른 순차적 (sequencial) 첨가에 의한 수정란의 발달에 대한 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 1994

혼합물 중에서 미량 존재하는 황산콘드로이틴나트륨을 정량하기 위하여, Chondroitinase ABC를 사용하여 효소반응을 시킨 후 얻어지는 ${\Delta}Di-6S$(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-0-(${\beta}$-D-gluluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-6-0-sulf-D-galactose)를 지표성분을 설정하여 고성능 액체크로마토그래피(HPLC)를 이용하는 방법을 확립하였다. 230nm에서 흡광도를 측정하였고, 검출한계는 $1{\mu}g/ml$였다. 본 분석법을 재제에 적용하였을 때 캅셀제는 $100.01{\pm}1.58%$, 점안제는 $99.89{\pm}1.80%$로 재현성이 있는 결과를 나타내었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2000

Kunitz-type soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) and chondroitin sulfate (A, and C type) were conjugated using sodium periodate method. And the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic properties and immunogenecity of the conjugates (Chon-A-SBTI or Chon-C-SBTI) were characterized. We expected the conjugation using chondroitin sulfate to reduce the immunogenecity and to improve the pharmacological effect. As the results, the mean molecular weight of the conjugate highly increased. After I.V. injection of the radiolabeled conjugates or native SBTI into mice, it was found that native SBTI showed rapid elimination from plasma, whereas Chon-A-SBTI and Chon-C-SBTI were slowly eliminated. Organ distribution of the two agents at 30 min after I.V. injection was different : Chon-A-SBTI or Chon-C-SBTI accumulated to a large extent in the liver (13% in Chon-A-SBTI and 16% in Chon-C-SBTI), whereas native SBTI was taken up more rapidly by the kidney (107% dose/g of tissue) and excreated into the urine (26%). In addition we evaluated the therapeutic value of the conjugates by using the sublethal septic shock model caused by pseudomonal elastase and tested the immunogenecity by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis shock (PCA). The conjugates were more effective than native SBTI against pseudomonal elastase induced septic shock in guinea pig. In case of the conjugates, the pharmacological and therapeutic effect lasted over 3 hours long. In immunogenecity test, both of the conjugates showed the reduction of their immunogenecity, especially Chon-A-SBTI looked most effective.