• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.273-279
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• 1992

Polymerized vesicles were prepared from monomeric cholesterol-containing surfactant. These vesicles were used to extract the free cholesterol. A polymerized vesicle was formed both monomeric cholesterol-containing surfactant and monomeric surfactant containing two alkyl chain(50 : 50 weight ratio). This vesicle got the better extracting capacity compared with the vesicle which got the other weight ratio of the surfactants. This vesicle also exhibited the fastest substrate permeability. These all results showed that considerable vacant room is necessary in polymerized vesicles in order to extract more cholesterols.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 1991

The study was accomplished to know the effects of garlic on body weight, and serum lipid, protein and glucose in male rats. The rats applied in this study were Sprague-Dawley strain of 42. In addition to basal diet, they were fed together raw garlic juice or ethanol garlic extract with 2.5% cholesterol solution solved by corn oil for 8 weeks respectively. These results were as follows. 1. The growth rate and efficiency ratio appeared to be more increased in ethanol garlic extract groups than in raw garlic juice groups. 2. The content of serum total cholesterol appeared to be the most decreased in 0.4ml ethanol garlic extract group. 3. The level of serum HDL-cholesterol had a tendency to be increased in all garlic groups. 4. Albumin/Globulin ratio appeared to be more decreased in raw garlic juice groups than in ethanol gar lie extract groups. 5. The level of serum glucose appeared to be more decreased in ethanol garlic extract groups than in raw garlic juice groups. Therefore we think that garlic is able to have an effect on atherosclerosis and diabetes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.537-545
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the improvement effect of 5% (w/w) mung bean (Phaseolus aureus L.) on lipid composition and protein concentration in hyperlipidemic rats. Seven-week-old male (Sprague-Dawley) rats were divided into four groups (n=6, each), and fed experimental diets containing mung bean meal [basal diet+5% (w/w) mung bean (BM), basal-hyperlipidemic diet+5% (w/w) mung bean (BHM)], basal-hyperlipidemic diet (BH), and control (basal diet, BD). Lipid composition in the mung bean diet groups (BM and BHM) evidenced significant reductions in serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, cardiac risk factor, triglyceride, phospholipid, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, blood glucose, nonesterified fatty acid, and an elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The serum albumin/globulin ratio was increased in mung bean diet-supplemented rats compared to that in hyperlipidemic rats (p < 0.05). Total calcium, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in sera were higher in the BM, BHM and BD groups than in the BH group. Concentrations of sodium and chlorine in sera were lower in the mung bean diet-supplemented groups than in the hyperlipidemic group. The in vivo experiments showed that ingestion of mung bean was effective in improving lipid composition, protein concentration, and blood glucose.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.626-631
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• 2005

The effects of Pleurotus (P.) eryngii on the weight gains, food efficiency ratios, serum and hepatic lipid concentrations were investigated in male rats fed the high fat diets. Twenty one week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were given three different types of diet for 10 weeks, respectively: a control diet (high fat; $20\%$ lard), two kinds of P. eryngii diet supplemented with $3\%\;or\;5\%$ of dry P. eryngii powder in substitutes for the same amounts of cellulose in the control diets. The body weight gains and food efficiency ratios of the rats fed $3\%\;and\;5\%$ P. eryngii diets were significantly lower than those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations of hepatic total lipid and triglyceride in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets were significantly lower than those in the rats fed the control diet. But the hepatic cholesterol contents of the rats fed the P. eryngii diets were similar to those of the rats fed the control diet. The concentrations in serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index ratios were significantly lower in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets compared to those fed the control diet. The HDL-cholesterol/total- cholesterol ratio was significantly higher in the rats fed the P. eryngii diets compared to those fed the control diet. There were no significant difference found in the serum triglyceride, phospholipid and HDL-cholesterol concentrations among the experimental groups. These results showed that feeding of P. eryngii powder feeding decreased the total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index and increased the HDL-cholesterol/total-cholesterol ratio in serum of the rats fed high fat diet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.30-31
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• 1992

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.195-207
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• 1982

To determine the influence of vegetarian diet on serum lipoprotein, cholesterol and protein levels, 45 young Buddhist nuns (age: $20{\sim}34$ years) and 29 female students(age: $20{\sim}22$ years) were examined. Daily caloric intakes were 1,945 Kcal for the Buddhist nuns and 1,815 Kcal for the students. The ratio of% calorie of carbohydrate: protein: fat from total calories in the Buddhist nuns was 84:11:5 and that in the students was 70:15:15. The Buddhist nuns had significantly higher carbohydrate intake but markedly lower lipid intakes than the students. Anthropometric measurement showed that the Buddhist nuns had significantly higher values of body weight, skin-fold thickness, body surface area and obesity index than the students. Both systolic and diastolic pressures of the Buddhist nuns and students were similar. Serum levels of total lipid, cholesterol and proteins in the Buddhist nuns were not different from those of the students. However, when comparing the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions, the Buddhist nuns had lower level of HDL but significantly higher LDL levels than the students. Furthermore, the Buddhist nuns had significantly lower levels of serum HDL-cholesterol but significantly higher LDL-cholesterol levels. There were significant correlations between LDL and LDL cholesterol (r=0.40), VLDL and VLDL-cholesterol(r=0.85), HDL and HDL-cholesterol(r=0.45), total serum lipid and total cholesterol (r=0.66) and total serum cholesterol and LDL(r=0.79). On the other hand, values of both serum total protein, and fractions of serum proteins were similar in the Buddhist nuns and students(ratio of albumin: ${\alpha}_{1}-:\;{\alpha}_{2}-:\;{\beta}-:\;{\gamma}-$globulins=55:3:10:13:19). Hematocrit and hemogloblin levels were similar in the Buddhist nuns and students. Above results suggest that vegetarian diets of the Buddhist nuns produced alterations in the metabolism of the lipoproteins and cholesterol.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.262-269
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breeder age and stocking density on performance, carcass characteristics and some stress parameters (H-L ratio, serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, tonic immobility test (TI), antibody production, relative asymmetry (RA) and external appearances). This experiment was carried out with 705 one-day old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) obtained from three different ages of broiler breeder (32, 48 and 61 wks). Each age group was randomly divided into two stocking density groups (11.9 and 17.5 broilers per $m^2$) with 5 replications per group. The experimental period was 6 weeks. Broilers from 32 wk-old breeders had lower initial weight (p<0.001), body weight gain of the first 3 week of rearing (p<0.01), the percentage of abdominal fat (p<0.001) and serum cholesterol level (p<0.01); higher percentage of gizzard (p<0.01) and longer TI duration (p<0.001) than those from 48 and 61 wk-old breeders. Broilers reared at 17.5 b/m2 had lower final BW, body weight gain, feed consumption, feather condition and foot health (p<0.001), higher percentage of heart, H-L ratio, serum glucose and cholesterol levels (p<0.001), and longer TI durations (p<0.001). There were no significant interactions in examined parameters except for feed to gain ratio between breeder age and stocking density.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.803-813
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometric and blood biochemical characteristics, the dietary behaviors and health-related lifestyles of obese children in Incheon. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using anthropometric measurements, biochemical assessments and questionnaire analysis. The subjects included 7,055 obese children residing in the Incheon area (from 106 elementary schools). The degree of obesity was classified using the Obesity Index (OI) as light 20% ＜ OI ＜ 30% ; Medium 30% ＜ OI ＜ 50% ; Severe 50% ＞ OI. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 10.0 program. Most subjects fell within the medium range of obesity. Most subjects had dietary problems such as overeating, unbalanced meals and skipping breakfast. The ratio of boy subjects eating green and yellow vegetables was lowe. when compared to that of the girl subjects. The boy subjects exercised more frequently and longer than the girls. As the Obesity Index increased, hypercholesterolemia significantly increased. The blood cholesterol levels of the subjects were positively correlated with body fat, waist/hip ratio and BMI; HDL cholesterol levels of the subjects were negatively correlated with the anthropometric data and the LDL cholesterol levels of the subjects were positively correlated with body fat. The blood triglycerides levels of the subjects were positively correlated with body weight, body fat, waist/hip ratio and BMI. Therefore, proper nutritional education and intervention are required for an improvement of obese children＇s dietary behavior, heath-related factors and blood lipid profiles.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.866-871
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• 2012

A novel cholesterol-based cationic lipid containing a tri-2-hydroxyethylamine head group and ether linker (Chol-THEA) was synthesized and examined as a potent gene delivery vehicle. In the preparation of cationic liposome, the addition of DOPE as helper lipid significantly increased the transfection efficiency. To find the optimum transfection efficiency, we screened various weight ratios of DOPE and liposome/DNA (N/P). The best transfection efficiency was found at the Chol-THEA:DOPE weight ratio of 1:1 and N/P weight ratio of 10~15. Most of the plasmid DNA was retarded by this liposome at the optimum N/P weight ratio of 10. The transfection efficiency of Chol-THEA liposome was compared with DOTAP, Lipofectamine, and DMRIE-C using the luciferase assay and GFP expression. Chol-THEA liposome with low toxicity had better or similar potency of gene delivery compared with commercial liposomes in COS-7, Huh-7, and MCF-7 cells. Therefore, Chol-THEA could be a useful non-viral vector for gene delivery.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.377-382
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• 2006

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the herbal extract mixture of Cnidium officinale, Petasites japonicus and Coptis chinensis (CPC) on the lipids metabolism in mice with tyloxapol. ICR mice weighing between 30-40 g were divided into four groups: normal group, 600mg/kg tyloxapol injected group, $50\;{\mu}g/g$ CPC treated group 6h after tyloxapol injection (SAM1), and tyloxapol and CPC treated group (SAM2), respectively. Tyloxapol or CPC was injected intraperitoneally. Tyloxapol caused an elevation of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides(TG), and LDL-cholesterol and a decrease of HDL-cholesterol. In addition, tyloxapol induced accumulation of lipid including cholesterol in both the liver and kidney. Serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-cholesterol were decreased whereas HDL-cholesterol was increased by CPC. CPC increased in HDL-cholesterol /total cholesterol ratio and lowered atherogenic index. The levels of TC, TG and LDL-cholesterol by CPC were rather lower in SAM2 than SAM1. CPC also inhibited lowering HDL-cholesterol by tyloxapol. CPC reduced lipid blots and cholesterol particles in both the deposition and size in the liver and kidney with tyloxapol. These results suggest that CPC might be expected to be beneficial for protection and treatment of hyperlipidemia by the disturbance of lipid metabolism.