• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.556-559
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• 2007

The notion of linearity is fundamental in science and engineering. Much of system and control theory is based on the analysis of linear system, which does not care whether it is nonlinear and complex. The dynamic programming is one of concerned technology when users are interested in choosing best choice from system operation for nonlinear or dynamic system‘s performance and control problem. In this paper, we will introduce the dynamic programming which is based on discrete system. When the discrete system is constructed with discrete state, transfer between states, and the event to induct transfer, the discrete system can describe the system operation as dynamic situation or symbolically at the logical point of view. We will introduce technologies which are related with controllable of Controlled Markov Chain as shown example of simple game. The dynamic programming will be able to apply to optimal control part which has adaptable performance in the discrete system.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.63-75
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• 1985

This paper considers a statistical calibration problem in which the standard as wel as the nonstandard measurement is subject to error. Since the classicla approach cannot handle this situation properly, a functional relationship model with additional feature of prediction is proposed. For the analysis of the problem four different approaches-two estimation techniques (ordinary and grouping least squares) combined with two prediction methods (classical and inverse prediction)-are considered. By Monte Carlo simulation the perromance of each approach is assessed in term of the probability of concentration. The simulation results indicate that the ordinary least squares with inverse prediction is generally preferred in interpolation while the grouping least squares with classical prediction turns out to be better in extrapolation.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.253-257
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• 1999

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, a variant presentation of severe preeclampsia/eclampsia is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite several advantages to the use of epidural analgesia for the management of labor pain in preeclamptic parturients, this procedure is relatively contraindicated in the presence of severe thrombocytopenia. Determining the pain management of choice depends on the parturient's condition, fetal well-being, and the urgency of the situation. We report a safe case of epidural analgesia in a HELLP syndrome parturient with severe thrombocytopenia for labor pain management without any neurologic complications or epidural hematoma.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a new data fusion method to improve the performance of individual prediction models for time series data. Individual models used are ARIMA and neural network and their results are combined based on the weight reflecting the inverse of EWMA of squared prediction error of each individual model. Monte Carlo simulation is used to identify the situation where the proposed approach can take a vintage point over typical fusion methods which utilize MSE for weight. Study results indicate the following: EWMA performs better than MSE fusion when the data size is large with a relatively big amplitude, which is often observed in intra-cranial pressure data. Additionally, EWMA turns out to be a best choice among MSE fusion and the two individual prediction models when the data size is large with relatively small random noises, often appearing in tax revenue data.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.133-152
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• 2009

This paper analyze the fee structures of digital music contents and the revenue sharing ratios that are now on-going debates in Korean digital contents industry. Especially we consider Korean situation where copyrighters and telecom companies have conflict of interest. We found two major results. First, the choice between the flat rate scheme and the usage-based rate scheme is not important to telecom companies and copyrighters. The important thing is that copyrighters should decide the revenue sharing ratio and given that telecom companies should decide the retail price. Consequently, this way can lead to win-win solutions between them. Second, the flat rate scheme affects the relationship between consumers and telecom companies. Under the flat rate scheme, telecom companies have more benefits than consumers. In the vertical integrated structure, particularly, this tendency is more severe.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

In the ultimatum game two players have to divide a certain amount of money between them. One player is the allocator and proposes a division of the money. The other is the recipient and can either accept or reject the proposed division. If the recipient accepts, the money is divided as proposed. If the recipient rejects, however, both players receive nothing. Purchase decisions could be classified on two basic factors (or dimensions) : involvement and think/feel in the FCB grid model. In this study we studied the influences of the two factors in purchase decisions on the choice of strategy (or propensity to fairness) in the ultimatum game. The empirical study showed that a decision maker chooses rational strategy more frequently when he (or she) is thinkful (or cognitive) in high involvement level.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.828-834
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• 2007

Lately the usage of multimedia equipment with small LCD displays is rapidly increasing. Although many people use devices like cell phone and PDA, videos intended for TV or HDTV are sent to these mobile devices. Therefore, situation where it is hard for the user to view the desired scenes are growing more frequent. Currently, most services simply reduce the size of the content to fit the screen when they offer it for mobile devices. However, especially with sports broadcasts, there are many areas that cannot be seen very well because it was simply reduced in size. We are suggesting new motion how to let the user choose an area of interest based on Cognitive lattice. And present then sending it to the user in a way based on Focus Of Choice that fits the device.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

This study examined whether preschool children's meta-socialization (conceptions of social situations) and their responses differed according to the children's gender. The participants were 78 preschool children living in Seoul, Korea. The results showed gender differences in the children's conceptions of social situations and in their responses to social situations. Firstly, a girl's conceptual judgments about social situations were more developed and dependent on the teacher's authority. Secondly, the boys showed direct and physical responses, while girls showed indirect, linguistic, and emotional responses in moral and social-conventional situations. In addition, girls made more frequent responses to 'Choice Assertion' in personal situations than boys.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.52-85
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• 1995

This paper develops a new approach to dealing with qualitative reasoning processes involved in managerial decisions, drawing upon choice strategies that have been developed within the general framework of multi-criteria decision making. Issues such as choices under uncertainty and preference formulation are addressed. An MCDM DSS intended to assist in high-level management decisions must focus on helping the decision maker to properly define the problem by providing a structure to it and to dynamically evaluate the alternative courses of action. A conceptual architecture is developed and presented to propose a general model for designing decision support systems specifically designed to assist in MCDM in a managerial context. A commercial loan approval judgment case is described to illustrate the real-world situation where decisions are made under fuzziness and usually require a high degree of intuition and subjective judgment. Development of a prototype system intended to partially represent application of the architecture is described.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2003

Various flaps are using for reconstruction of esophageal defect. The choice of reconstruction is depended to the oncologic needs of the situation. If the entire esophagus or significant part of the thoracic esophagus is involved by tumor, then total esophagectomy and gastric pull-up or colon transposition is indicated. But for most hypopharyngeal tumors, laryngopharyngeal tumors, and cervical esophageal tumors, segmental resection of these area and replacement with a jejunal fee or forearm free flap has become the standard technique. The authors have experienced a case of total pharyngo-laryngo-esophago-gastrectomy and colon transposition in a patient of esophageal cancer following partial esophagectomy and gastic pull-up due to corrosive esophageal stricture. We report this case with brief review of the literatures.