• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.86-107
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 발명교육을 운영하는 다양한 교육기관에서 발명교육 프로그램을 설계하고 준비할 때 활용할 수 있는 기초적 평가준거를 제시하여 발명교육의 효과와 효율성을 높이기 위함이다. 이에 따른 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발명교육 프로그램의 단계는 '계획(Planning), 준비(Preparation), 과정(Process), 산출(Product)'의 4단계로 '4P 단계'로 명명하였다. 둘째, 발명교육 프로그램의 계획 단계 평가 영역은 '목표 설정, 요구 분석', 교육과정 설계'이다. 준비 단계 평가 영역은 '발명교육 프로그램 개발, 인적 자원 확보, 물적 자원 확보'이다. 과정 단계 평가 영역은 '프로그램 운영, 프로그램 관리, 학습자 관리'이다. 산출 단계 평가 영역은 '교육 실적, 성취 결과, 교육 평가'이다. 이상의 발명교육 프로그램 평가준거는 발명교육 프로그램의 질을 제고하고 관리할 수 있는 역할을 할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 다양한 발명교육 기관에서의 환류와 관계 전문가들의 타당화 과정을 통한 조정과정을 거쳐 최종적으로 발명교육 프로그램의 평가준거를 개발하는데 기초 자료가 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate using and evaluative criteria for purchasing of sleepwear in winter. Subjects were 523 males and females aged from twenties to fifties, living in Chongju and Taejon. For data analysis, frequency, descriptive analysis, t-test, and F-test were used. The results are as follows. First, the ownership of sleepwear was sweat suits with zippered top, pajamas, T-shirts/pants, underwear, and nightgown in order. The mean of using sweat suits was used the highest, and subjects used more home wear than sleepwear in winter. Second, the using or sleepwear had a significant difference in cold-sensitiveness and body types. Cold-sensitive group used sweat suit and T-shirts/pants more than cold-insensitive group. Also, groups who are thin wore sweat suit the most while groups who are corpulent, used underwear the most when they slept. Third, subjects, who are married women and use bed, used nightgown, but pajamas were used by groups who are older, married, and professional. Sweat suits and T-shirts/pants were used the most by single aged twenties. Forth, consumers considered the wearing comfort when they purchased sleepwear for winter, and they evaluated washing/management, fabric, design/style, economic, service, brand, and others' response in order, for judging the quality of sleepwear. Also, the evaluative criteria had a significant difference in demographic variables such as sex, occupation, and marital state. These results implied that sleepwear would be needed for winter in terms of behavioral temperature regulation. Especially, cold-sensitive and thin group would wear knitted and two-piece sleepwear for thermal comfort when they sleep in winter. Also, Using and evaluative criteria of sleepwear would be different in demographic characteristics. For winter, sleepwear should be develop based on physiologic as well as demographic variables.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.205-223
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• 2011

This study examines diagrams of space organization and classroom activity zoning through Korean Childcare Accreditation Criteria, and compares space diagrams with childcare facilities in Daejeon, and looks at similarities and differences between them. Space diagram from accreditation criteria show the classroom, adjoining toilets, napping areas, and community areas for playing, reading, cooking, teaching and holding materials. Classroom zone diagrams show 8 activity zones for entering, washing and toilet, making art, playing, reading, studying science, resting, playing role and wooden block. Six case studies in Daejeon, Korea were surveyed and classified into big, medium and small size facilities by the number of children. The space organization of case studies are similar to the diagrams, except that outdoor playground and indoor playrooms were not large enough at the small and medium size facilities. Classroom activity zoning was very similar to the conceptions, excluding the playarea from classroom, integrating the rest areas for reading, subdividing art into music and art, science, and into math and science, roleplay into roleplay and wooden block. In conclusion childcare centers in Daejeon are designed to the concept diagram of the accreditation criteria, with some flexibility, exclusion, integration, and subdivision of space and activity zones. It has been requested as to make each criteria fit to the facility sizes-big, medium and small.

• 대기
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.481-495
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• 2011

This study is performed to consider the threshold values of heavy rain warning in Korea using 98 surface meteorological station data and 590 Automatic Weather System stations (AWSs), damage data of National Emergency Management Agency for the period of 2005 to 2009. It is in need to arrange new criteria for heavy rain considering concept of rainfall intensity and rainfall damage to reflect the changed characteristics of rainfall according to the climate change. Rainfall values from the most frequent rainfall damage are at 30 mm/1 hr, 60 mm/3 hr, 70 mm/6 hr, and 110 mm/12 hr, respectively. The cumulative probability of damage occurrences of one in two due to heavy rain shows up at 20 mm/1 hr, 50 mm/3 hr, 80 mm/6 hr, and 110 mm/12 hr, respectively. When the relationship between threshold values of heavy rain warning and the possibility of rainfall damage is investigated, rainfall values for high connectivity between heavy rain warning criteria and the possibility of rainfall damage appear at 30 mm/1 hr, 50 mm/3 hr, 80 mm/6 hr, and 100 m/12 hr, respectively. It is proper to adopt the daily maximum precipitation intensity of 6 and 12 hours, because 6 hours rainfall might be include the concept of rainfall intensity for very-short-term and short-term unexpectedly happened rainfall and 12 hours rainfall could maintain the connectivity of the previous heavy rain warning system and represent long-term continuously happened rainfall. The optimum combinations of criteria for heavy rain warning of 6 and 12 hours are 80 mm/6 hr or 100 mm/12 hr, and 70 mm/6 hr or 110 mm/12 hr.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2017

한국은 세계 2위의 LNG 수입국이고 2017년 기준 약 70기의 LNG 저장탱크가 상업운전 중에 있다. LNG산업의 핵심설비인 LNG 저장탱크는 1986년 상업운전 이후 설계보증 연한인 30년이 경과 되면서 도시가스사업법 개정을 통해 2014년부터 정밀안전진단을 수행하고 있다. 정밀안전진단 시 LNG 저장탱크의 외조 콘크리트에 대해서 상태평가를 할 수 있는 기준이 부재한 상태이다. LNG 저장탱크의 구조적 특성과 기존 토목구조물 상태평가 기준 분석을 통해 저장탱크의 대표부재에 대한 상태평가기준을 개발하였다. 개발된 객관적 상태평가기준은 LNG 저장탱크의 안전성 및 신뢰성을 향상시키고 보수기준을 제시할 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.397-408
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• 2004

Due to the growing impact of non-point source pollution and limitation of water treatment technology, a new policy of water quality management, called a source protection, is now becoming more important in drinking water supply. The source protection means that the public agency purchases the pollution sensitive area, such as riparian zone, and prohibit locations of point and non-point sources. Many studies have reported that this new policy is more economical in drinking water supply than the conventional one. However, it is very difficult to determine location and size of the pollution sensitive zone in the watershed. In this paper, we presented the scientific criteria for the priority of the pollution sensitive zone, along with a case study of the upstream watershed of the Paldang Reservoir, Han River. This study includes applications of the analytical hierarchy process(AHP) and a watershed-based land prioritization(WLP) model. After major criteria affecting water quality were selected, the AHP and geographic analysis were performed. The WLP model allowed us to include both quantity and quality criteria, using AHP as the multi-criteria method in making decision and reflecting local characteristics and various needs. By adding a travel-time function, which represents the prototype effectively, the results secured adaptability and scientific objectivity as well. As such, the WLP model appeared to provide reasonable criteria in determining the prioritization of land acquisition. If the tested data are used with a validated travel-time and AHP method is applied after further discussion among experts in such field, highly reliable results can be obtained.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.326-333
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• 2008

본 논문은 누적통과톤수에 의한 레일교체기준 개정을 위한 기초 데이터를 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 국외의 누적통과톤수에 의한 레일교체기준의 산정근거를 조사하였으며, 일본에서 조사된 레일용접부 결합유형 및 원인과 국내 철도운영기관인 서울메트로의 궤도유지관리이력을 조사하여 실제 레일절손과 누적통과톤수의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 또한, 누적통과톤수 기준치에 도래한 노후레일 용접부를 현장에서 발췌하여 레일용접부 휨시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 누적통과톤수와 레일절손간의 상관관계는 뚜렷하지 않았으며 레일용접부의 시공불량에 의한 절손사례가 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 노후레일휨시험 결과 신규레일용접부에 비해 파괴강도가 $17{\sim}18%$만이 저하된 것으로 나타나 레안교체기준에 도래한 노후레일은 사용성 측면에서 충분한 내구성 및 내하력을 확보하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2020

This study aims to establish an approach to assess urban flood vulnerability by identifying social characteristics such as the road transportation and the vulnerable groups. Assessment procedures comprise three steps as: (1) composing the assessment criteria to reflect the urban characteristics; (2) calculating the weight; and (3) evaluating the vulnerability. The criteria were adopted by Delphi survey technique. Four criteria as land cover, residents, vulnerable areas, and disaster response were adopted in the current study. To determine the weight set of criteria, subjective and objective methods were combined. The weight set was determined using the combined method which reflects the Delphi method and Entropy analysis. In the process of data-based construction, GIS tools wwere used to extract administrative unit materials such as land cover, road status, and slope. Data on population and other social criteria were collected through the National Statistical Office and the Seoul Metropolitan statistical data. TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) technique, which uses materials from cell units in order to rank the closest distance to the best case and the farthest distance from the worst case by calculating the distances to the area of assessment, was applied to assess. The study area was the Dorimcheon basin, a flood special treatment area of Seoul city. The results from the current study indicates that the established urban flood vulnerability assessment approach is able to predict the inherent vulnerable factors in urban regions and to propose the area of priority control.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2008

Purpose: National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS) criteria and the Canadian Cervical Spine rule (CCR) are commonly used in cervical trauma patients to determine whether a plain cervical X-ray should be performed. However, plain cervical X-rays are so inaccurate that cervical spine computed tomography (CT) is often considered as a screening test. We studied the usefulness of the NEXUS criteria and the CCR for determining the need for a CT evaluation in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from January 2007 to March 2008. Plain X-ray and CT scans of the cervical spine were performed on blunt trauma patients with neck pain. The relevancy of CT was examined using the NEXUS criteria and the CCR. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value, and negative predicted value analyses were performed to diagnose the cervical spine injury. Results: During the study period, 284 patients were enrolled in this study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value, and negative predicted value of the NEXUS criteria were 87.5%, 1.1%, 5.0%, and 60.0% respectively, while those of the CCR were 87.5%, 8.2%, 5.3%, and 91.6%. There were two missed fracture cases when the NEXUS criteria and the CCR were applied independently, however, no cases were missed when both were applied. Conclusion: This study suggests the NEXUS and the CCR in combination can be used as a guide to CT evaluation for cervical spine injury in the ED.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2019

저수지의 붕괴 발생 시 인명 및 재산피해의 예방 및 저감을 위하여 붕괴예보 시스템의 필요성은 대두되고 있는 상황이다. 붕괴 예보시스템의 효율적 활용을 위해서는 실시간 계측한 이상거동 및 붕괴징후에 따라 대응할 수 있는 관리기준은 가장 중요한 요소이다. 기 연구된 수위 관리기준의 검증을 위하여 저수량에 따라 10여개의 저수지를 선정하고 수위변화 자료를 분석하여 적정성을 검토하였다. 1년 동안의 수위계측 자료에서 가장 급격한 변화구간을 선정하여 가중치 및 추세선을 적용하여 분석한 결과 3분위로 수립된 관리기준값은 7%이내의 표준편차를 보여주었다. 이는 수립된 관리기준값은 적정하다고 판단된다.