• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-301
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to know the perception on acne for the college students to provide basic data for the suitable care of acne. Self-administrated questionnaires were completed by 641 college students. Dietary attitude, food habit, general perceptions on acne, knowledge level on acne, and relationship perception between special food and acne were analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. Self reported health status, smoking, obesity index were significantly different by experience of acne. 2. Dietary attitude and food habits were not significantly different by experience of acne. 3. Acne experienced subjects had acne on their face mostly and responded positively to specialized treatment. Proportions of getting the knowledge on acne were 40.6% from friends, 35.4% from magazine and 21.7% from TV or radio. 4. Proportions of correctly answered for the questions about pregnancy, hair cosmetics, oily food, male hormone, family history, constipation related with acne were less than 50% for acne experienced subjects. 92.5% of acne experienced subjects were answered eating chocolate, nut, and fat were related with breaking out and aggravating of acne. Perceptions on breaking out factors and aggravating factors of acne were not significantly different by gender. 5. More than 70% acne experienced subjects stated that instant foods, oily foods, meats, cookies, nuts were related with developing and aggravating acne. Soybean, Seaweed, fermented fish were recognized as less related with developing and aggravating acne.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to find injurious factors and to propose an improvement plan on workers' musculoskeletal disorders at a bakery workplace through analyzing the symptom, work posture and quantitative estimate. For this study, a survey and ergonomic estimate methods were adopted. According to the survey, it was analyzed that 429 workers corresponding to 68.2% of the response have been experienced the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders such as an ache, prickle and numbness. The result of QEC analysis shows that shoulder and waist are highly exposed to musculoskeletal disease. The result of RULA analysis shows that injurious factors of muscle, weight and repeated operations are a little higher than those of operation posture. The result of SI estimate shows that pre-treatment of making bread requiring highly repeated operation gets the highest point of 81, on the other hand, chocolate-coating job requiring relatively low speed and short time gets the point of 4.5. Based on the analyzed results, improvement plan to prevent the musculoskeletal disorders against injurious working process of a bakery workplace. The goal of this study is to propose the improved scheme that prevents the workers against musculoskeletal disorders. A questionnaire and an ergonomic assessment method were adopted to analyze the symptoms of workers' musculoskeletal disorders, and an analysis of working postures and a quantitative assessment on various processes were performed to find out harmful factors of workplace.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.475-488
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• 2010

The daily caffeine intake from elementary school children's favorite foods was surveyed and evaluated. Children may respond to caffeine differently from adults because they have different physiological makeup and are functionally immature. Therefore, caffeine exposure may have more serious consequences for children than for adults, irrespective of sensitivity. Their preference, perception, and intake of caffeine from children's favorite foods were investigated by questionnaire for 355 children. The order of children's preference over foods containing caffeine was ice cream and ices, confectionary, milk and milk products, and soft beverage. The daily caffeine intake of children was estimated to range from 0.16 to 917.28 mg/day, with an average of $36.04\;{\pm}\;82.7$ mg/day and $36.9\;{\pm}\;96.0$ mg/day for boys and girls, respectively. The daily caffeine intake according to body weight was $1.08\;{\pm}\;2.23$ mg/kg and $1.12\;{\pm}\;2.66$ mg/kg for boys and girls, respectively. The percentage of acceptable daily intake (ADI) of caffeine was 43.4% for boys and 44.9% for girls. The sources of caffeine for boys and girls were soft beverage (18.3 mg and 16.1 mg), milk and milk products (8.9 mg and 8.5 mg), ice cream and ices (5.7 mg and 7.3 mg), chocolate (1.6 mg and 3.2 mg), and confectionery (1.6 mg and 1.8 mg).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.251-257
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• 2008

Different types of milk products, such as kwacha golla, mawa, cheese, curd, and chocolate are popular in Bangladesh. However, the microbiological safety of these products is poorly understood. This study was performed to assess the microbiological quality of kwacha golla, a local milk product. Kwacha golla samples were collected from ten different areas of Rajshahi and Kushtia regions, and the quality of the each sample was assessed using various parameters including standard plate count, total coliform, fecal coliform, total fungi, and spore-forming bacteria, as well as food-borne microorganisms. Out of 300 samples, total coliform was detected at 56.66% (n= 300), exceeding the minimum allowable limit of 36.66%. Similarly, experiments were carried out with fungi and food-borne pathogens including Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp., and Staphylococcus aureus. Results revealed 85.33, 53, and 49.33% of the samples were contaminated by fungi, E. coli, and L. monocytogenes, respectively. However, all samples showed no contaminations of Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus sp. Therefore, this study could be helpful to the people of Bangladesh by providing information on the possibility of a major health problem caused by the consumption of kwacha golla.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.209-214
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• 2020

This study has been carried out to develop a standard method for quantifying of 3 permitted artificial sweeteners (including sodium saccharine, aspartame, acesulfame potassium) contained in foods by HPLC-DAD. A simple and rapid sample pretreatment method was used to remove fat and protein from the test solution with Carrez clearing regent precipitant know to be effective for protein and fat removal. The artificial sweeteners in the test solution purified through sample pretreatment were detected by high performance liquid chromatograph using a Reverse phase C18 column (5 ㎛, 4.6 × 250 mm). The simultaneous quantitative test of 3 kinds of artificial sweeteners can be effectively performed on the high fat emulsified foods containing a large amount of fat. Using the established simultaneous quantitative test method, artificial sweeteners were tested in foods such as dairy products, snacks and chocolate. The results calibration curve showed good linearity with high regression coefficients and the result of recovery test showed satisfactory recoveries within 80~110 %.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.545-559
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• 2006

The function of product design has been an important part for success on new product development We deeply studied 'Chocolate-Phone' case which is considered as a representative of adopting design-oriented new product development strategy. According to this study, we found three contextual factors and nine key success factors for design-oriented new product development. The contextual factors consist of the strong needs for innovative product development, customer's needs for the emotional value, competitive situation for the new product launching. The key success factors consist of design, development marketing, overall sides. The key success factors of design side are to select talented designers and take an insight for market and communication skill. The key success factors of development side are to possess high technological abilities, to do divergence with removing or giving up some function management's strong support. The key success factors of marketing side are to bring core marketers from outside, capacity to gather ideas from outside. The key success factors of overall side are to share design-oriented principle with other parts and to change member's mind from engineer-oriented to market-oriented.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.383-394
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• 1997

This study was done to examine adherence of oral bacteria to titanium dental implant and to know the effective prophylactic antibiotics using an in vivo model. Three samples each of the implant material were set in an acrylic resin flange and placed in the maxillary buccal sulcus of twenty volunteers. At 6- and 54-hour intervals, each sample was placed on blood agar plate (BAP) and chocolate agar, and then they were incubated and identified. Also antibiotic susceptibility test was performed. The results obtained mere as follows ; 1. The microorganisms were chain-like Gram positive cocci and staphyline Gram positive cocci, Gram positive bacilli in order of frequency were found at 6-hour and 54-hour samples by Gram staining. 2. Streptococci was found predominantly at both 6-hour and 54-hour samples, but number of streptococci was decreased as compared to 6-hour samples. 3. There was no difference in the bacterial species adherent to implant between 6-hour and 54-hour samples. 4. All the microbes were sensitive to AMC (amoxacillin clavulanic acid), chloramphenicol, quinolone and vancomycin in the antibiotic susceptibility test. Above results suggest that streptococcus are mainly adhered to titanium implant after implant was placed in the oral cavity and AMC is the most recommendable antibiotics to prevent the peri-implant inflammation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.154-161
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• 2010

With Jewelry industry is becoming active with gradual increase of transactions of pearl and diamond. The pearl market of recent times the size of that market was magnified because the pearls of various type are imported. The necessity of new design development and grasps properties of pearl is demanded clearly because like that. This research analyzed the cultivated brown pearl and black pearl which is sold from market with gemological Analysis. As result, it is ascertained the dyed fresh water pearl. I suggest the design which uses the chocolate brown color pearl beads which the consumers prefer and another pearl design which is concept of wedding gift through CAD/CAM works.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.364-377
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• 2011

This study was conducted to provide basic information on toothbrushing habits, snack intake frequency, and current dental caries in elementary school students. A total of 188 students (105 boys and 83 girls) in Changwon city participated in this study. Dental examination was conducted by two dental hygienists in July, 2010. The results were as follows. Exactly 86.2% of students were shown to have dental caries, which includes a sealant and removed teeth due to decay. The average number of teeth with dental caries per student was 3.8. Exactly 60.6% of students were shown to maintain correct toothbrushing habits to prevent dental caries, but only 12.8% brushed their teeth immediately after a meal or snack. Exactly 82.4% percent of participants received toothbrushing education, 47.1% of them received it from an expert, 43.9% received from their parents, and 28.2% used tooth paste with fluorine. Regarding snack intake frequency, ice cream was the most consumed cariogenic food and white milk was the most consumed protective food. The >=7 teeth with dental caries group consumed higher frequency of carbonated beverages intake than the 'no dental caries' group (P<0.05), and the '5~6 teeth with dental caries' group consumed higher frequency of chocolate intake than 'no dental caries' group (P<0.05).

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.253-270
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to illuminate how Suzan-Lori Parks reveals colonized oppression and violence in a black woman's body in Venus. The body of Hottentot Venus is an 'object' of white male spectators' gazes and a dissection from a medical study. The report on her pathologic anatomy gives the audience the illusion that the body of a black woman is inferior to those of others. Not only 'subjective' aesthetics, but also 'objective' medicine makes us confuse 'fact' with 'truth' about black women. By publicly exhibiting her erotic body, Venus is represented as a singular emblem for nineteenth-century colonial discourse on race and sexuality. Her body stands for the powerful signifier of raped Africa. A distinctive feature of black Venus is her raciality. The ownership of her body is only transferred from Mother-Showman to Doctor Baron. She had no right to her ownership. Her body is an object of hatred and curiosity and at the same time a site which is represented by conflicting desires. Parks' eventual goal in Venus is to investigate 'hindsight' of Venus Hottentot, 'the past' and 'the posterior'. As the meaning of original chocolate can be regained, the insulted and damaged body of Venus should also be recovered and resurrected.