• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 2003

We studied the effect of cadmium on chlorophylls and rubisco activation in Canavalia ensiformis L. leaves. Chlorophyll levels were reduced by 5.0 ${\mu}$M Cd. Rubisco activity at 5.0 ${\mu}$M Cd was significantly smaller than that at no treatment. Rubisco Content showed patterns of change similar to rubisco activity. These data suggest that rubisco activity was associated with an amount of rubisco protein, and that the activation and induction of rubisco is inhibited by Cd. The degree of intensity of 50 and 14.5 kD polypeptides identified as the large and small subunit of rubisco by SDS-PAGE analysis at 5.0 ${\mu}$M Cd was significantly lower than that at control, indicating Cd had a e f-fect on both subunits. Under the assumption that effects of Cd on rubisco may be r elated to rubisco activase, in addition to, its activity and content we re determined . The rubisco activase activity at 5.0 ${\mu}$M Cd was more decreased than the control. A similar change pattern was also observed in content of rubisco activase. Remarkable differences in the intensitiy of both the 45 kD and 41 kD band were found between at control and Cd-treatment. These results suggest that the change in the levels of rubisco activase leads to a subsequent alter action of rubisco levels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.1071-1076
• /
• 1998

Threetypes of Korean traditional kimchi were prepared using green onion, leek or godulbaegi as raw materials and stored at 5oC and 20oC for 13 days. Changes in salt and ascorbic acid contents, pH and total acidity as well as the relationship of the decomposition of chlorophylls and the production of their derivatives were investigated. For the all kimchi samples tested, salt content was not significantly changed during storage at both temperatures, whereas pH and total acidity were decreased and increased, respectively. Especially their remarkable changes were shown at the third day of storage. Ascorbic acid content was remained at high level in the leek kimchi for the experimental period at both storage temperatures, meanwhile godulbaegi kimchi retained the least amount of ascorbic acid. Chlorophylls were decomposed to pheophytin and pheophorbide during storage at both storage temperatures, and this phenomenon was apparent at the third day of storage. Reduction of chlorophylls and increasements of its decomposed products such as pheophytin and pheophorbide were the least in leek kimchi and the greatest in godulbaegi kimchi during storage at both temperatures. These results indicate that decomposition of chlorophylls in kimchi and increasements of pheophytin and pheophorbide were closely related to the ascorbic acid content in kimchi.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.120-123
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of brushing on overgrowth inhibition, growth, yield and starch content in spring-grown potato in the netted house. The plant growth of aerial parts was inhibited with growth stage and brushing duration. Especially, The number of lateral branches decreased greatly with brushing duration. The stem length and stem diameter were not different significantly between brushing and non-brushing on May 6. But the stem length was long in later growth stage but short in longer brushing duration. Chlorophyll content by SPAD increased with growth stage regardless of non-brushing duration and ranged from 30 to 36 mg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The fresh and dry weight of aerial part and tuber were heavy in longer brushing duration. Starch content was higher in brushing treatment as compared to non-brushing and increased with brushing duration.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 1998

Seasonal changes of nitrogen fixation and growth characteristics of Melilotus suaveolens population under different light conditions were quantitatively analyzed during growting period. Height growth of M. suaveolens population was promoted after April and the shade (site 2) showed 10-20% increase of height growth in compared with that of sunny (site 1). Seasonal changes of biomass were in creased after March, the biomass at site 1 attained 78.5% that of site 2 in May. Chlorophyll content was maintained high value from March to April but, Chlorophyll content of leaf at site 1 was decreased 11.7% compared to that of site 2 in May. The nitrogen content of each organ of M. suaveolens showed higher value in March and then decreased, the high nitrogen contents of reproductive organ were achieved at the flowering stage at site 1. The root nodule of M. suaveolens population appeared in March and showed maximum value in early June and decreased remarkably after July, the amount of nodule formation of M. suaveolens at site 2 showed higher than that of site 1. The nitrogen fixation activity of root nodule of M. suaveolens initiated with shoot growth and showed maximum value in mid April, and attained second peak in early June and then decreased after July. The total nitrogen fixation of the plant showed higher value at site 2 than that of site 1. From the overall results, M. suaveolens showed increased growth under half-shady, well ventilated barren soil than fertile sunny site.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.152-156
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to elucidate the changes of photosynthetic ability and cation content in barley cultivar seedlings cultured for 10 and 30 days with different NaCl concentrations containing 1/4 Hoagland solutions. At the highest NaCl concentration, the weight of dry matter and the shoot/root ratio (S/R ratio) were decreased. Thus, shoots were affected more than roots by NaCl treatment. The S/R ratio decreased more in 'Neulssalbori' than in 'Bunong' by the NaCl treatment. The. internal $Na^+$ concentration increased greatly with the highest NaCl concentration, but $K^+$ concentration in plants decreased with the highest NaCl treatment. The $Ca^{2+}$ concentration had a small change with NaCl concentrations. Thus $Na^+$/$K^+$and $Na^+$/$Ca^{2+}$ratios increased with the highest concentration. The chlorophyll content (%/dry weight) of seedlings decreased at higher NaCl levels except for Bunong in 30 day old seedlings. The photosynthetic ability decreased only for Neulssalbori in the 10 days NaCl treatment. The stomatal conductance, and transpiration had decreased in the 10 day old seedlings, but not with 30 day old seedlings.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.15 no.3 s.70
• /
• pp.453-460
• /
• 2005

This investigation was performed to study Cd toxicity and the influence of Ca on Cd toxicity in growth, and photosynthetic pigments and enzymes in tobacco. Cd inhibited both growth and level of chlorophyll, but the inhibition was compensated by the treatment of Ca. Especially, chlorophyll content was significantly increased by the combination of Cd and Ca treatment compared with Cd treatment alone. In addition, activity and content of rubisco by Cd treatment was also significantly lesser than the non-treated control. The highly reduced activity of rubisco was minimized by the combined treatment of Ca to Cd. Rubisco activase activity and content also showed a pattern of change similar to the rubisco level, suggesting that Cd- and Ca-induced changes of rubisco could be caused by rubisco activase.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.418-421
• /
• 1997

This research was performed to understand physiological and ecological characterisities and to de stable production by the way of the establishment of cultivation in elephant food. The results of the investigation of developmental characterisitics, leaf area, photosynthetic ability, chloroplast content for collective varieties are as follows. In the ecological characterisrics for five varieties of elephant food collected from domestic and foreign countries, appearance days for Japanese collective varieties was 60 days, which was two days earlier than domestic collective variety, Jechon collective variety. In appearance rate, Japanese collective variety was 90%, which was higher than Kumsan collective variety, 85%. In the development and yield of the ground portion, Japanese variety was the highest during all developmental period follwed by Chinese and Jechon collective varieties. The larger leaf area, the higher photosynthesis was found. In the amount of chlorophyll content, the higher intercepting light rate, the higher chlorophyll amount was found, which was 30, 50, 70% higher amount than non intercepting light rate.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 1982

The effects of 6 biocides on the growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardii in pure culture were studied. For the batch culture assay of biocides, the growth rate in control tubes should be compared with in the test tubes and the effective concentration calculated on the basis of the percent decrease in growth rate at the different toxicant concentration. The concentrations at which 50% decrease in growth rate was observed are $40{\mu}g$/l for butachlor and $350{\mu}g$/l for alachlor in herbicide, $900{\mu}g$/l for phenazine-5-oxide and $3,400{\mu}g$/l for isoprothiolane in fungicide, and $3,330{\mu}g$/l for fenthion and $332,500{\mu}g$/l for trichlorfon in insecticide. The inhibitory effect on the growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardii by the treatment of various biocide concentrations was decreased in order of herbicide>fungicide>insecticide. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content per cell were increased, whereas chlorophyll a/b ratio was hardly affected by biocides. The effects of biocides on pigment content were also decreased in order of herbicide>fungicide>insecticide, which suggested the relationship between the effect of biocides on the pigment content and inhibition of growth rate.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.264-269
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to evaluate appropriate selenate ion concentration for the production of high functional vegetables. Sodium selenate was treated 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8mg/$\ell$ using herb nutrient solution developed by European R & D Vegetable Center in Belgium. Low level of Na2se04 concentration increased the growth of wormwood, but high selenate concentration decreased the growth. Total chlorophyll content was increased by sodium selenate. The higher selenate ion concentration in the nutrient solution, the more total chlorophyll content was. The vitamin C content in wormwood was high at 2 and 4mg/$\ell$ treatment, showing good growth, at higher concentration, however, the vitamin C content decreased. At 4mg/$\ell$ selenate ion concentration, essential oil content of wormwood was best. But higher selenate ion concentration decreased essential oil content. The uptake of Se by the plant increased with the increase of selenate ion concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.57-62
• /
• 1982

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in plant state, chlorophyll, free amino acids and vitamin C content of soybean sprouts during circulation periods. The experiment was carried out under the indoor natural light and complete darkness at $20^{\circ}C$. The results are summarized as follows; Soybean sprout was grown about one cm in the darkness for 7 or 24 hours, but under the indoor natural light it was not grown. Weight was decreased both in the darkness and under the light. In the darkness the color of sprouts were not changed, but under the light the color was changed in 7 or 24 hours. Chlorophyll contents was increased rapidly by light in the cotyledon. Chlorophyll formation brought about loss not only in amino acids but also porphyrins, but it did not in the amino acids of hypocotyl. The kinds of amino acids being brought about loss under the light were cystine, aspartic acid, serine, histidine and glycine. The 22$\sim$27% of vitamin C was lost in cotyledon by 7 hours exposured light and in hypocotyl after 5 hours.