• 생약학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.262-269
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• 1988

The Forsythiae fructus is described to be used as an antiinflammatory drug, diuretics, antidotes and antibacterials in oriental literatures. In order to investigate the efficacy of Forsythiae viridissima (Oleaceae), the methanol extract and its fraction have been evaluated for the acute toxicity, antiinflammatory, analgesic and spasmolytic action in animals. The methanol extract of Forsythiae fructus was found to have significant antiinflammatory activity in the acute and subacute antiinflammatory model in rats, but have no analgesic action. Furthermore, through fractionation procedure, it was found that the active compounds were easily soluble in chloroform and butanol. It is also noted that the extracts had spasmolytic activities in the rat fundus and uterus and had low acute toxicity in mice.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.260-263
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• 2006

In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of 14 different herbal petal extracts on various foodborne and food spoilage bacteria. Herbal petal extracts were prepared with 70% ethanol followed by sequential hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractionation. Antimicrobial activity was highest in the ethanol fraction from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) petals as determined by the paper disc method. The roselle ethanol extract retarded the growth of food spoilage bacteria in kimbap (rice rolled in dried laver). Foodborne microorganisms (e.g. Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens), on the other hand, were most efficiently inhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction of the roselle petal extract as determined by growth inhibition curves. Our study shows that roselle petals harbor antimicrobial activity against foodborne and food spoilage microorganisms. The critical ingredient is highly enriched in the ethyl acetate fraction of the extract.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2001

The ethanol extract of Quercus mongolica leaf was fractionated by various organic solvents, and their antimicrobial and antioxidative activities were investigated against several microorganisms. The ethanol extract of Quercus mongolica leaf at two thousand $\mu\textrm{g}$ per disc showed 17~21mm inhibition zone against Gram postive and Gram negative bacteria. Among the various solvent fractions from ethanol extract of Quercus mongolica leaf, the hexane fraction showed the strongest antimicrobial activity. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of hexane fraction was 250$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL against Bacillus cereus, 250~500$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL against Listeria monocytogenes, 500$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Also, the hexane and chloroform fraction had the similar antioxidative activity compared to that of butylated hydroxy toluene(BHT).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.271-274
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• 1996

The antihepatotoxic activity of Bezoar Bovis and Moschus was investigated by in vitro assay method using galactosamine and carbon tetrachloride-induced cytotoxicity in primary-cultured rat hepatocytes. The antihepatotoxic activity was evaluated by measuring the level of glutamate pyruvate transaminase and sorbitol dehydrogenase which were released from the necrotic hepatocytes to the culture medium. In galactosamine-intoxicated hepatocytes, the chloroform fraction of Bezoar Bovis reduced the level of glutamate pyruvate transaminase and sorbitol dehydrogenase resulting in 65% and 59% protection, respectively. The n-Hexane fraction of Moschus resulted in 45% and 40% protection, respectively in this system. In the case of carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rat hepatocytes, Bezoar Bovis did not have significant effect and only the aqueous fraction of Moschus showed 42% and 40% protection, respectively.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2002

버들송이버섯(A. cylindracea)와 말똥진흙버섯(P. igniarius)의 균사체 추출액과 배양액을 용매별 분획 후 각 분획별로 항산화 효과를 검색하였다. 전자공여능의 측정 결과, A. cylindracea 균사체 추출액의 ethyl acetate 분획과 butanol 분획, 배양액의 butanol 분획 그리고 Phellinus igniarius 균사체 추출액의 diethyl ether 분획, 배양액의 diethyl ether 분획, ethyl acetate 분획에서 모두 70% 이상의 강한 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 과산화지질 생성 억제 실험에서는 A. cylindracea 균사체 추출액의 diethyl ether 분획과 butanol 분획, 물분획 그리고 배앙액의 물분획에서 과산화지질의 생성이 억제되었다. Xanthine oxidase의 활성 측정에서는 A. cylindracea 균사체 추출액에서 uric acid 양이 감소하는 것으로 측정되었다. 아질산염 소거능의 측정 결과에서는 A. cylindracea 균사체 추출액의 diethyl ether 분획과 배양액의 ethyl acetate 분획, 물분획 그리고 P. igniarius 균사체 추출액의 diethyl ether 분획과 배양액의 diethyl ether 분획, chloroform 분획, butanol 분획, 물분획에서 $50{\sim}60%$의 고른 활성을 나타내는 것으로 측정되었으며, melanin 생성 저해 활성에 대한 결과는 A. cylindracea 균사체 추출액의 물분획과 P. igniarius 균사체 추출액의 butanol 분획에서 무첨가구에 비해 2배 이상의 저해 활성이 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과 말똥진흙버섯과 버들송이버섯의 균사체추출액이 강한 항산화활성을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.804-808
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• 2011

본 연구는 염생식물이라는 특성으로 인해 갯벌이 발달한 우리나라에서 쉽게 접할 수 있는 칠면초의 항산화활성을 검토하고자 이루어졌다. 70% ethanol로 추출한 추출수율은 9.74%였으며 이를 hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, water로 순차 분획한 수율은 water 층이 원물대비 8.73%로 가장 높은 수율을 보였고 대체적으로 극성이 높을수록 높은 분획 수율을 나타내었다. 하지만 분획물간 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량 측정 결과 ethyl acetate 분획물의 에서 가장 높게 측정되었다. Ethyl acetate 분획물의 항산화력을 hydroxyl radical 소거능, hydrogen peroxide 소거능, xanthine oxidase 소거능 등을 측정하여 합성항산화제인 BHA와 비교한 결과 BHA의 80~90% 가량의 활성을 보여주었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.556-562
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 비교적 성장이 빠르고 배양이 용이한 황갈편조 식물문 중 규조강에 속하는 P. tricornutum으로부터 선정하여 항 산화성 물질을 분리$\cdot$정제하여 물질의 구조를 밝혔다. P. tricornutum의 각 유기용매 추출물의 항산화성은 chloroform획분이 가장 좋았으며, 이 획분을 시료로 하여 silica gel column chromatography, PTLC 및 HPLC를 사용하여 항산화성 물질을 분리$\cdot$정제하였다. Silica gel column을 사용하여 분리된 획분의 항산화성은 dichloromethane: methanol (5: 1)로 용출시킨 획분에서 가장 높았으며, 이 획분의 PTLC 획분은 항산화성이 $20\%$ 증가하였다. 최종 정제된 물질의 $IC_50$값은 $8.3{\mu}g/mL$으로 화학적으로 합성된 항산화제인 BHT 및 BHA보다는 낮았지만 천연 항산화제인 $\alpha-tocopherol$보다는 다소 높게 나타났으며, 이 물질의 화학적 구조는 carotenoid류인 zeaxanthin으로 동정되었다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.196-204
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• 2003

Aqueous extract of Enicostemma littorale is reported to have antidiabetic activity. In the present investigation, we studied the effect of aqueous extract of E. littorale and its different fractions i.e., toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions and remaining residual fraction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neonatal type 2 diabetic rats. Fasting glucose and insulin levels in NIDDM were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control rats and they were significantly decreased by treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that aqueous extract and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions significantly (P<0.05) decrease both $AUC_{glucose}$ and $AUC_{insulin}$ values in NIDDM treated groups. Insulin sensitivity $(K_{ITT})$ index of NIDDM control was significantly lower as compared to normal control and this was significantly (P<0.05) increased after treatment with aqueous extract, its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions lowered the elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels observed in NIDDM rats. Treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol fraction showed significant decrease in creatinine, urea, SGPT and SGOT levels as compared to NIDDM control rats. However ethyl acetate fraction showed significant changes only in creatinine and SGOT levels, and not in the levels of urea, and SGPT as compared to NIDDM control rats. Treatment with toluene, chloroform and residual fractions of E. littorale did not produce any effect on glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, SGPT or SGOT levels as compared to NIDDM control rats. Our data suggest that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions contain the active compounds which may be responsible for the above activity and associated complications in NIDDM diabetes mellitus.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.498-502
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• 1998

천연식품보존제의 개발을 위해 우리나라 전지역에서 쉽게 구할 수 있고 산나물로 많이 이용되어온 질경이를 대상으로 식품부패미생물에 대한 항균효과를 검색하였다. 질경이 메탄을 추출물은 1.5mg/ml의 농도에서 곡류의 부패를 일으키는 B. subtilis와 호염균으로 식중독의 원인이 되는 V. parahaemolyticus의 성장을 완전히 억제하였다. 인공합성보존제인 Sodium propionate는 1%의 농도에서 B. subtilis는 80.97%, E.coli는 26.57%, S. aureus는 31.28%, L. monocytogenes는 72.71% 그리고 V. parahaemolyticus는 19.75% 저해되었으며 5% 농도에서는 5균주 모두 완전히 저해되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 질경이의 메탄올추출물이 sodium propionate 보다 10배 낮은 저 농도에서 식품부패 미생물의 성장을 완전히 저해하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 각 용매별로 분획하여 항균성을 살펴본 결과 ethylacetate 분획물이 다른 분획보다 높은 항균력을 보였는데 B. subtilis, E. coli와 V. parahaemolyticus는 1.0 mg/ml의 농도에서 성장이 저해되었다. 특히 chloroform 분획물은 S. aureus에 대하여 250$\mu\textrm{g}$/disc의 농도에서 강한 저해력을 보였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.273-281
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• 1987

In this work the antioxidant effects of browning reaction products prepared by xylose-tryrtophan reaction system were discussed. The antioxygenic brown pigments were separated by solvent extraction, and column chromatography and isolated by gel filteration. The functional groups of the brown pigments which had antioxidant activity were examined. The brown pigments extracted with methanol showed antioxidant effect and were fractionated in 5portions on DEAE-cellulose column. The elutes with methanol: acetic acid(10:30 v/v sol n(A), methanol: chloroform(95:5 v/v) sol n(C), and chloroform: acetic acid(10:30 v/v) sol n(E) only showed antioxidant activity and their compositions were 22.43, 21.51 and $34.43\%$ respectively. When each fraction on DEAE-cellulose column was reseparated on Sephadex LH-20 column, 2 fractions were obtained from portion A and C respectively. Molecular weights of A, C and E fraction of brown pigments were from 2,600 to 3,700. By elucidation of IR spectra, the pigment fractions which showed a strong antioxidant activity were tearing the indole group. It is suggested that the antioxidant function of the brown pigment is due to hydroxy and amino group. A higher activity of the brown pigment fraction E might be attributed to carboxylic acid or carboxylic ester compounds.