• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.423-432
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• 2018

This study was performed to develop a new natural antimicrobial materials by analyzing the effect of extracts obtained from Ten Lauraceae Species on the inhibitory activity against Propionibacterium acnes. The plant materials were collected from Wando and Jeju islands, and the antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts was examined by the agar diffusion method with different part (i.e., leaf and branch), solvents (i.e., distilled water, 80% ethanol, and 100% methanol) and at different ultrasonic extracting times (i.e., 15, 30, and 45 minutes). The control agents used were synthetic antimicrobials, methylparaben and phenoxyethanol, at concentrations of 0.4, 1, 2, and 4 mg/disc. Altogether, extracts of 10 species used in the study showed inhibitory activity, which confirmed their antimicrobial action against acnes. Among these, leaves of Laurus nobilis L. which was extracted in 80% ethanol for 45 min showed the largest clear zone (19.8 mm). Leaves of L. nobilis L., showing highest antimicrobial activities among 10 species, were successively reextracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and n-butanol. As a results, in all fractions except butanol, clear zone above 10 mm were formed. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity (13.3 mm) and the inhibitory activity was significantly higher than that of crude extract (10.2 mm) and phenoxyethanol as a control (12.5 mm).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.1239-1247
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• 2020

Sedum kamtschaticum Fisch., a native plant of Korea, has been used in Korean traditional medicine in the form of water extract for its capacity to improve blood circulation and for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Since previous research suggests that S. kamtschaticum Fisch. has excellent antioxidant and mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activities, in this study, the root and stem parts of S. kamtschaticum Fisch. are extracted in 70% ethanol (SKS, SKR), fractionated with and in order of n-hexane (SSH), ethyl acetate (SSE, SRE), chloroform (SSC, SRC) and water (SSW, SRW) according to the polarity of each solvent, and tested for its applicability as a cosmetic material. According to the total polyphenol, flavonoid contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity of each fraction, the contents and scavenging activity of the root extractions (SKR) were higher than those of the stem extractions (SKS), ethyl acetate fractions (SSE, SRE) being the most effective. In addition, ethyl acetate fractions had the highest tyrosinase inhibition activity and melanin synthesis inhibition activity used on B16F10 melanoma cells, at the concentration of 10 ㎍/mL. HPLC analysis detected a variety of polyphenols including gallic acid and quercetin. This study suggests the potential role of S. kamtschaticum Fisch. as a natural cosmeceutical material.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2003

Korean mistletoes extracts were investigated for in vitro antioxidation activity, with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine(DPPH), and an inhibitory effect on oxidative DNA damage by using comet assay. The Korean mistletoes were 4 different kinds classified by their host plants (Korean Viscum sp. in Quercus acutissima Carr., Korean Viscum sp. in Castanea crenata, Korean Viscum sp. in Betula platyphylla, and Korean Viscum sp. in Salix koreensis). The samples were extracted with ethanol, and fractonationed with n-butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, n-hexane, and second distilled water. Among them, ethyl acetate fraction from Korean Viscum sp. in Betula platyphylla showed the strongest activities to electron donating ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and the protective effect on oxidative DNA damage.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.978-984
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the physiological functionality of the hot water and 70% acetone extracts obtained from the pine needle and mugwort. Flavanol tannin content was above 60% of the total polyphenol in pine needle extracts. 70% Acetone extract from pine needle exhibited inhibition percentage of about 82.2% on the mutagenicity of Trp-P-1. Angiotensin I converting enzyme(ACE) inhibition activity was 61% and 50% in the hot water extract and in the 70% acetone extract respectively. Electron donating ability(EDA) of the hot water and 70% acetone extracts obtained from the pine needle was significantly good above 80%. 70% Acetone extract from pine needle showed inhibitary effect against the polyphenol oxidase(PPO) of water dropwort. The nitrite scavenging ability was appeared in all the extracts examined and it showed $80{\sim}90%$ at pH 3.0. The oxidative stability was determined by POV. Results showed that ethyl acetate fraction is better antioxidants than chloroform and butanol fractions in the soybean oil. Then, in the mugwort extracts, antimutagenicity of 70% acetone extract was similar to that of pine needle. Ratio of ACE inhibition activity was higher than that of pine needle extracts. EDA of hot water and 70% acetone extracts was 45%. Extracts from the mugwort were lower in nitrite scavenging ability about $20{\sim}30%$ than extracts from pine needle.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.228-233
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• 2002

In order to exploit as a new functional decocted beverage, chemical components, antioxidative and antimicrobial activities young stems of mulberry(Morus alba) were surveyed. The proximate composition was composed of crude fiber 51.12%, ash 13.46%, total sugar 10.38%, crude fat 9.10% and crude protein 5.01%. The P(295.9 mg%) was the highest mineral found in young stem of mulberry and Ca 289.6 mg%, K 209.6 mg%, Na 58.3 mg%, Mg 45.0 mg% and Fe 4.6 mg% in that order. Free sugars was composed of glucose 1.08%, galactose 022%, sucrose 0.20% and fructose 0.16%. Eight fatty acids in stem of mulberry were identified and the major fatty acids were linoleic acid(46.10%), palmitic acid(27.84%) and linolenic acid(10.85%). Among the 17 amino acids detected, total amino acid was 2,450.5 mg% and proline(313.7 mg%) was the most predominant. Methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed stronger activity of the hydrogen donating activities, each of 77.24% and 80.08%, respectively. The methanol extract from young stem of mulberry showed the strongest antimicrobial activities to Bacillus subtitis and Bacitus cereus. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions from methanol extract of young stem showed a inhibition zone of 9.0∼19.0 ㎜ in diameter against pathogen bacteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2007

An antibacterial substance to the Streptococcus mutans, a causative bacterium for decayed teeth, was isolated from the dried sea mustard, Undaria pinnatifida, and identified by GC and GC/MS. Acetone extract from the sea mustard (10.4 kg), was evaporated and partitioned to 4 fractions such as hexane, chloroform, butanol and water. The most active chloroform fraction were further purified through basic alumina, silicic acid and ODS column, successively, and finally, 3 antibacterial substances were isolated on the HPLC attached ODS column by using 95% MeOH and guided with UV detector (254 nm). Antibacterial substances (total 160mg, yield $1.5\times10^{-3}$%) had the same Rf value (0.42) on the TLC developed hexane diethyl ether acetic acid (80:30:1) and those methyl esters moved to 0.95. They were identified as the same unsaturated fatty acid, $C_{18:4,\;n-3}$ (3,6,9,12-octadecatetraenoic acid, stearidonic acid) compared relative retention times (15.5 min) with authentic fatty acid on the GC chromatogram. It was further confirmed unambiguously on the GC/MS giving molecular ion peak at m/z 290 which coincided with its methyl ester.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.175-180
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• 1984

Lipids in oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) were extracted by the mixture of chloroform-methanol (2: 1, v/v) and fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids by silicic acid column chromatography. Components and fatty acid composition of each fraction were deter- mined by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographies. Fresh oyster mushroom contained 0.5% total lipid in which the contents if neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids were 33.8%, 19.7% and 45. 6%, respectively, Triglycerides(38.2%), free fatty acids (20%) and free sterol (10%) were the major components among the neutral lipids. Diglycerides, monoglycerides, sterol esters and three unidentified neutral lipids were the minor components. Major components of glycolipids were steryl glycosides(35.9%) and esterified steryl glycosides (23.7%). Digalactosyl diglycerides, mono-galactosyl diglycerides and two unknown components were also present. Of the phospholipids, phosphatidyl cholines and serines (48.2%), and phosphatidyl ethanolamines(44.4%) were the major components. On the other hand, the major fatty acids of neutral lipids we.e linoleic, palmitoleic, oleic and palmitic acid. Linoleic and palmitic acid were the predominant fatty acids of both glycolipids and phospholipids.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 1994

Conventional Doenjang, three kinds of Improved Doenjang(A; koji: soybean: salt=53: 100: 33, B; koji: soybean: salt=100: 100: 40, C; koji: soybean: salt= 200: 100: 40) prepared with different ratio of koji and salt were made to study the changes in the general contents, characteristics bitter peptides, correlations between bitterness and overall eating quality. 1. Total nitrogen contents increased a little, and amino nitrogen contents in all samples increase markedly. Especially, Amino nitrogen contents of conventrional Doenjang increased more than others. Reducing sugars of doenjang prepared with Asp. oryzae were higher than conventional Doenjang and increased throughout the aging period and Doenjang prepared with Asp. oryzae were more acidic. 2. To characterize bitter peptides in fermented Doenjang, peptides were extracted with 2: 1(v/v) chloroform-methanol and separated by Gel chromato-graphy with Sephadex and TLC. After Gel chromatography and TLC, each fraction examined presence of bitterness and evaluated intensity of bitterness. Amino acid composition of the fractions showing bitter tastes were as follows. Conv. peak 1-1 Trp-(Asp, Arg, Thr, Ser, Glu, Pro)-Phe Imp. A peak 1 Trp-(Glu, Val, Arg, lie)-Phe Imp. B peak 1 Trp-(lie, Pro, Asp, Lys, Val, Glu)-Trp. Imp. C peak 1-2 Trp-(Try, Thr, Glu, Pro, Gly)-Phe 3. Sensory evaluation revealed that correlation coefficient between bitterness and overall eating guality was not high.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.587-593
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• 1998

To elucidate anti-tumor promoter from seaweed, the anti-tumor promoting activity of Ecklonia stolonifera, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria japonica extracts were determined by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-early antigen (EA) induction caused by a tumor promoter, teleocidin B-4. The methanol extracts of seaweed were subsequently fractionated with diethyl ether, distilled water, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Among the solvent fractions tested, chloroform and ethyl acetate fraction of E. stolonifera showed a high anti-tumor promoting activity at the levels of 88.0 and $85.9\%$ by the addition of 20 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. To characterize anti-tumor promoters from solvent fractions of E. stolonifera, the effects of phenols, chlorophyll derivatives and carotenoids on the anti-tumor promoting activity were investigated. Phenols, such as bromophenol and phloroglucinol showed anti-tumor promoting activity of $57\~66\%$ at 20 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Pigments, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids exerted high anti-tumor promoting activities. Chlorophyll a and pheophorbide a exhibited the activity of $77.4\%$ and $66.6\%$ at 5${\mu}M/m{\ell}$, respectively. The active compounds of carotenoids were tentatively identified as lutein and $\alpha-cryptoxanthin$ from the profiles of visible spectra and R_f value of their authentic compounds, and showed anti-tumor promoting activities of $76.9\%$ and $84.4\%$ at dose of 20 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.106-110
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• 2004

The objective of this study was carried out to investigate nutritional characteristics and biological activities effects of Korean leaf of Rosa davurica Pall. in vitro. They were extracted with methanol and then further fractionated to n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and water from methanol extracts. Methods of the antigenotoxic used in this experiment were UVA/UVB absorption property and DPPH radical scavenge. The proximate compositions of leaves of Rosa dauvrica Pall were 67.5％ of crude Moisture, 0.7％ of crude fat, 6.8％ of crude protein, 6.1％ of crude ash, and 20.8％ of crude fiber. The major minerals were K (1637.2 mg％), Ca (219.5 mg％), P (182.1 mg％), and Mg (135.1 mg％). Most of the fractions of methanol extract which leaves of Rosa dauvrica Pall. have strong absorbency at UVB region (308 nm) and UV A region (350nm). These fractions have a good absorbency property as synthetic filter and could be served as substitutes for synthetic UV sunscreen agents. All fractions (n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and water) from methanol extracts except chloroform fraction exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC$\_$50/ of 35.3, 6.0, 14.0, and 18.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL.