• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.536-547
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• 2014

With the changing safety services and social order systems accompanied by the economic development and changing public security environment since the Chinese economic reform, the security service industry in China is growing daily and related problems are increasing. For the Chinese security service market to be activated, the monopoly of security services by the public security agencies must be removed. In addition, the research and development, expansion, and applications of safety and crime prevention technologies regarding the safety and protection of exhibition, sales, culture, sports, commerce activities, combinations of safety technologies and crime prevention processes, the provision of relevant technical operations, and the expansion of security service areas are required. Furthermore, the administration rights, property rights, and business management rights of security companies must be separated, the security headquarters must be integrated and coordinated for optimization of various resources solely by market needs, and their rights and affiliation relations must be clear. Besides, the competitiveness of security companies in the security service market must be enhanced by unifying the business management, and optimizing and sharing their resources. The security service ordinances of China that have been implemented now must be applied realistically, methods to activate the true market economy for security services must be researched, and various ordinances related to security services must be realigned in line with the characteristics of security services. Finally, for the mutual cooperation system between public and private security services, the public security agencies must acknowledge the importance of private security services and the status of security service providers in crime prevention and social order maintenance. They must establish partnership relations with each other beyond the unilateral direction and management system for security services and drive with positive attitudes the security service industry which is still in its infancy.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.253-275
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• 2006

Ever since the open and reform policy in 1987, China has adopted the socialistic market economy system and has been moving forward in economic reform. This gradually expanded their market economy. The open and reform policy achieved the highest average annual GDP growth rate of 9% and helped the country maintain high growth. China's economic growth in recent years has a lot to do with the international trading and direct investment by foreign corporations. China's entry into the WTO dramatically increased their amount of capital and investments due to their aggressive investments with foreign corporations. It is quite amazing that investments in China has been constantly increasing while the direct investments worldwide is decreasing. Moreover, increase in such investments is contributing to China's job creation, as well as, the expansion of international trading. When international economic exchange started between Japan and China in the 1970s, it was in the form of aid for developing countries, hence the collection of the investment was out of the question. It was in the 1990s that Japan started the full-scale investments with China and it was mostly centered in transfer of the production base. Japanese corporations aim was to mass produce goods less expensively using abundant and cheap labor and to sell them to Japan and other countries. The amount of Japan's exports and imports compared with China is increasing every year but the trade deficit has gone into the red. The dollar amount has been decreased from $ 27 billion in 2001 to $ 18 billion in 2003. The problems and damages in the system of justice and administrative confrontation that Japanese corporations are facing are continuously at a stand-still even after China's entry into the WTO. It has been 20 years since Japan's advance in China and during that period, the Japanese corporations brought many changes ranging from exports/imports to direct investment. Although Japan's new corporations tend to be located in the mid-western part of China, rather than the coastal areas, the region itself is not the cause for the confrontation. The problem stems from the Japanese treating the Chinese as if they were Japanese because they look similar due to their Asian ancestry. In reality the Chinese have completely different ways of doing business. Here we will take a look at the international trading and direct investment of Japanese corporations in China and study the conflicts that occurred in business transactions with China through real examples.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.607-627
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• 2007

By reviewing the current application of Environmental Fiscal Instruments in China, existing policy gaps and weakness, and the feasibility of using EFIs in China, this paper pointed out that the Chinese government faces an historic opportunity for promoting the development of a comprehensive environmental fiscal system. It is proposed that as far as possible the real economic and social costs of pollution and environmental degradation should be reflected in the prices charged for the use of environmental and natural resources. Chinese government should systematize existing environmental fiscal funds and policies, gradually setting up a framework for integrating environmental fiscal instruments into the public financial system.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

This study examines the impact of trade facilitation on China's trade for the period 2010-2017 using a gravity model with a measurement of APEC trade facilitation through principal component analysis. The empirical results confirmed that trade facilitation was a key factor to have a positive effect on Chinese exports and that the higher the level of trade facilitation in APEC countries, the more positive the increase in exports and quantities with China. Further, the size of the economy, the total population, and the border between the trading partner had a positive effect on Chinese trade volume. To promote economic growth through increase in trade volume, countries should actively improve trade facilitation and participate in global trade facilitation reform through continuous cooperation with trading partners.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.193-210
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• 2013

China has emerged as the world's factory since the economic reform in 1987, and the Chinese economy has been growing at a rapid pace. Now, China is considered as one of the biggest markets in the world. Thus, many Korean IT service companies including open market operators have interests in expanding their business into China. However, to be successful in Chinese online shopping market, Korean open market operators should check the cultural differences between the online shoppers in Korea and China at first, Under this background, this study proposes the factors affecting user satisfaction in open market services based on the revised Delone and McLean model. Then, it investigates the differences in the effects of these factors across Korea and China. For empirical analysis, we collected the survey data from open market users in both countries, and applied multiple regression analysis to the data. As a result, we found significant differences between Korean and Chinese open market users. Also, we found that most of these differences could be explained using Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions theory. The findings of this paper imply that Korean and Chinese users may respond differently to IT services, though Korea and China are geographically close and share a similar cultural background.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.692-699
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• 2009

In China, the Reform-Open policy was executed in 1978. During the following 30 years, the economic regime in China had been changed to a socialist market economy from a socialist planned economy, and the construction industry in China has been achieved high economic growth. However, as the construction project increasing, a lot of problems which affect the construction expense payment occur. And it is a fact that the construction expense payment disputes have become a serious problem now. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the problem of Chinese construction expense payment. In this paper, we would like to clarify the difference of the legislation of construction expense payment between China and Taiwan Region.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.27
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• pp.255-292
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• 2009

This thesis is to study on the prospect of contemporary and theory of contemporary Chinese Neo-liberalism philosopher in the 1990s. The previous Chinese liberalists focused only on political and cultural liberalism, neglecting economic liberalism. As a result, liberalism has not taken root in China. Therefore, the social problems of contemporary China are caused by immature and unregulated market economy controlled by the government, not by the market economy. On the other hand, the social relationship in China is not capitalistic yet. The Chinese need to take the gradual developing step to modernize China. China needs to begin an effort to reform China by the way and speed of the refolution, which lies between reform and revolution; not by making new value system, but by keeping daily ethics and rediscovering the Chinese value system, which is the same as universal ethnics. Moreover, it can solve the mental, cultural problems of modern society. Modernization will be achieved not by ruining the Chinese traditions, but by adjusting the traditions, keeping, and strengthening. Consequently, China will be able to move from agricultural absolutism to modern democracy. The democracy can exist only based on the market economy. Therefore, the goal will be accomplished by democracy based on the market economy starting from Confucian tradition.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.177-198
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• 2016

China has retained economic growth rate of average 9% for more than ten years recently after China introduced capitalistic market economy system in 1979 by Deng Xiaoping. China has attracted foreign direct investment for a long time because it has retained very high economic growth rate, low labor cost, and various policies for foreign investors. This paper tries to analyse the determinants of foreign direct investment inflow after reform-opening of China with empirical analysis methods utilizing each province·city's specific characteristics by using the panel data from 1985 to 2013. For the empirical analysis we use random effect model, fixed effect model, pooled OLS, and random coefficient model. The results by pooled OLS and random coefficient model are presented for the comparison with the main results in the process of research. The research shows the results by fixed effect model are better than those by random effect model after doing Hausman's test. The results shows that GRDP, capital stock, and telecommunication exert a positive relationship with foreign direct investment, while express way variable exerts a negative one. China's education level surprisingly does not attract foreign direct investment even though it is not at a critical level. Therefore, the Chinese government should try to increase national income level as it symbolizes market size; encourage domestic investment; and construct high quality telecommunication infrastructure.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2014

Since the reform and opening up in 1978, Chinese economy has been increasing rapidly with a high growth rate, but after 2012 the growth rate decreased as the reform of economic system. While economy in Africa began booming since 2000. Influenced by Global Financial Crisis and European Debt Crisis, economy in Africa slightly slowed down, but it was rebounding apparently from 2010. The urgent demand for energy and the sharp increasing in foreign exchange reserve pushes China to seek overseas markets. As Africa keeps a well relationship with China and the complementarity between China and Africa economy, Africa becomes one of the target markets for China's foreign development. Recently more and more enterprises begin to invest in Africa market. But till now the study on Africa mainly focuses on theoretical research based on real cases, and empirical research are very few and need to be increased. This thesis studies the influence of enterprise feature; local market feature and investment in foreign market on the result satisfaction of Chinese enterprises that invest in Africa markets. At the same time this thesis also studies and analyzes the market access strategy and marketing strategy for Chinese enterprises after entering overseas markets and put forward effective recommendation and suggestion for these enterprises. In order to proceed this study, 317 Chinese enterprises which invest in Africa have been investigated by me. And frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and simple regression analysis have also been conducted by SPSS18.0 APP to verify the hypothesis. The study result suggests that onlu investment in foreign market affects the Performance satisfaction of Chinese enterprises. And the market access strategy and marketing strategy play a role of the mediational effects when Chinese enterprises are investing in Africa.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.97-118
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• 2015

As China has quickly emerged as a global economic power, the total number of international commercial disputes arbitrated by Chinese arbitral institutions has increased dramatically. Along with this, the annulment procedure of arbitral awards in China have been newly brought to the fore. In accordance with the historical background and the demand of the times, the Chinese annulment procedure of arbitral awards reveals distinctive Chinese features. Although it was enacted in the face ofof an unwarranted prejudice against the dispute settlement system by arbitration as well as a deep mistrust of domestic arbitral institutions, the annulment procedure of arbitral awards showed a certain degree of justification and rationality in its initial stages of legislation. However, it is also the case that it has not adapted well to new domestic or foreign arbitration circumstances in the last twenty years. At present, there is a keen interest in revisions to and debates on arbitration law of China. It is necessary to take an active part in the amendment discussion and process of arbitration law. Moreover, we need to reform the annulment procedure of arbitral awards in order to meet the global trend of arbitration law.