• 무역상무연구
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• 제31권
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• pp.155-183
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• 2006

Recently, the anti-dumping actions of China are becoming aggressive, resulting in the speculation that Korea's trade surplus to China will be reduced. Anti-Dumping Actions by the Chinese Government are also becoming harsh. According to KOTRA, 18 anti-dumping actions were taken by the Chinese government against Korean products. The Chinese government has opened two additional cases of dumping investigations again Korean products 2005 as well. Therefore, Korea will likely face more trade restrictions in the form of anti-dumping in China Accordingly, the Accused party need to understand Anti-Dumping Act of China. The trade related authorities are monitoring on the China related information, and builds system barring Anti-Dumping Actions. Also, companies strongly export the differential products to the China.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2009

On May 12th, 2007 a merchant vessel of Golden Rose (South Korea) sank into near 38 mile from Yentai in China after the vessel collided with a container vessel of Jinsung (China), leaving all 16 sailors, including seven South Koreans, missing. According to the official report. The Chinese vessel, authorities, and South Korean government did not coordination q rescue and salvage for the sailors and vessel properly as follows: 1) The Chinese vessel left the scene without rescue and salvage of the sailors, 2) Chinese authorities failed to comply with law of the sea that required them to report the collision to South Korea immediately after confirming the accident, and 3) The South Korean government is also being criticized for its slow response to the incident since the government did not set up a response team until 21 hours after the incident. In order to reduce this number of sailor missing in future incidents, this research is studied regarding assembling conferences, assigning SRR in ASEAN+3, simplicity to enter other territory waters and cooperative training and education for the SAR.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
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• pp.20-20
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• 2011

The purpose of this research aims to evaluate the emergence of new business mode in the Chinese water market since the mid-2000s - Transfer-Operate-Transfer(TOT) Projects. The study pays special attention to the case of the Hefei Wangxiaoying Wastewater Treatment TOT Project, which was awarded to the consortium of Berlin Water International and its Chinese partner in late 2004. The consortium secured an exclusive operating right for 23 years on the basis of a TOT scheme and would take responsibility of all the profits and losses in the operation of the plant. The total investment for the transfer amounted to RMB 491 million(US$70 million). The price was more than 288% of the original value, RMB 170 million (US$24 million). The project can be regarded as a successful case because of the following three causes. First, the Hefei government followed a series of standardized procedures in the international bidding, which ignited best-performed international players' competition for the project. Second, the project will bring in cutting-edge operation skills and management know-how. Third, the government succeeded in raising public asset values, and thanks to this, the government is able to consider other similar projects not only in the water sector but also other sectors in public utility services. Nevertheless, Berlin Water's point of view, there are several challenges. First, the company took a risk to pay such a large amount of cash to the Hefei government. Although such premium can be recouped in the operation period of 23 years, whether or not the company would be able to recover the initial investment and realize profits is in question due to an uncertainty of socio-political circumstances in China. Second, Berlin Water should expect a steep rise of water tariffs over the contract period in order to get the investment back. Water pricing is still a sensible matter to Chinese authorities, and therefore, it is uncertain if such rise of water tariffs would be possible. Third, the TOT mode leads to creation of a large amount of cash to government officials, which might have caused corruption between those who are involved in TOT deals. Then, the final contract fee would soar, which often results in the burden of normal customers. As discussed, the TOT mode has drawn much attention of foreign investors as a new alternative to enter into the Chinese water market. But it is important to note that foreign investors should be aware of possible risks in water TOT projects, which reflects some features of the Chinese political economy landscape and social norms. The Hefei case indicates that benefits can overshadow risks in TOT projects, which will continue to attract foreign investors that are dedicated to establishing their strongholds in the Chinese water market.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권11호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2007

한국 애니메이션 산업에게 있어 중국시장 진출은 필수적 과제이다. 그러나, 중국 정부의 강력한 수입 애니메이션 규제정책은 한국 애니메이션 완성작의 수출은 물론, 한국에서 기획된 작품에 중국으로부터 투자를 유치하는 형태의 한중 공동제작마저도 어렵게 만들었다. 이제껏 거대 중국시장과 투자자금 유입을 기대하면서 한국기업들이 추진해온 방식의 중국진출 전략은 더 이상 유효하지 않으며, 자금까지와는 다른 새로운 접근법이 필요한 시점이다. $5{\sim}10$년 내에 세계적인 애니메이션 대국을 지향하는 중국정부의 정책분석을 통해 높은 중국시장 진입장벽을 확인하였고, 중국 정부와 애니메이션 산업을 중국시장의 '우선 고객'으로 간주하여 이들 고객의 니즈(Needs)를 파악한 결과, 이제는 한국 애니메이션 프로젝트가 아니라 '한국 애니메이션 산업'을 소구(Appeal)하는 것이 필요하며, 중국 정부와 산업의 니즈(Needs)를 만족시킬 수 있는 한국 애니메이션 산업의 전략적 포지셔닝(Positioning)만이 현 상황을 타개해 나갈 수 있을 것이라는 결론을 도출하였다. 전략적 포지셔닝 확립은 적절한 실행방안을 통해서만 실현가능한 것인 바, 실현방안으로서 바람직한 형태의 중국과의 공동제작 방법론을 제시하였다. 문제는, 본고에서 제시되고 있는 중국시장 진출 방안도 현재 중국 애니메이션 산업의 발전 속도로 볼 때, 그 유효 기간이 몇 년 남지 않았다는 사실이다. 이에 대한 한국 애니메이션 산업의 인식전환과 신속한 대응이 필요하며, 그를 위한 정부의 지원정책도 절실한 시점이다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제27권
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• pp.415-434
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• 2012

The Hanja used in Korean are traditional Chinese characters, but what Chinese people use now is simplified characters. So, there are differences in pronunciation and meaning between the characters used by Korean and Chinese. More than 70% of the Korean language vocabulary derived from or were influenced by hanja. For the inheritance and development of traditional culture,and for the communication among countries of the Chinese characters cultural circle in Northeast Asia, should we build up an authentic Chinese education system. But the government hasn't pay much attention to this work, and the government's policy can't implement the efficient education. Consequently, in these days, there are more and more Korean people who are functionally illiterate in Chinese. Recently, proficiency tests of Chinese characters are expected to promote the development of Chinese education. But, most Koreans' motives for Chinese study are usually to pass the college entrance exam or to compete for jobs. However, after passing the test, the motive for studying gradually fade away. It is the basic problem faced by Korean Chinese character education. Since the 1950s, various character education methods have been studied in China, the research results were appliedin their textbooks and other materials. Therefore, a well-organized and efficient learning-by-step education system was built up. At present, China's literacy education in the textbooks utilizes a range of methods including revisional centralized and distributed. Unfortunately, there is still one shortcoming worthy of concerns: how to solve the problems due to the simplification of traditional Chinese characters? Is it possible to revive traditional Chinese characters? Before adopting the results of research on China's literacy education and applying them to our character education, we should consider our specific situation carefully. Adopting the research results with cautious review and objective criticism should have a positive impact on Korean Chinese character education.

• 정보화정책
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.61-84
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• 2013

이 연구는 중국이 인터넷에서 반체제 정보유입을 어떻게 차단하는지 기술적인 부분에 초점을 두어 인터넷 통제 메커니즘을 규명하였다. 중국은 경제적 이익 때문에 북한이나 쿠바처럼 전면적으로 인터넷 통제를 하기보다는 하드웨어 기반의 기술 통제와 노동 집약적인 물리적 통제를 병행함으로써 당-국가 체제를 위협할 수 있는 행위자 출현에 대비하고 있다. 이에 대한 일환으로 중국 정부는 인터넷을 이용해 시위 확산에서 민주화로의 이행에 연결고리가 될 수 있는 반체제 정보 차단에 심혈을 기울이고 있다. 본 논문은 우선 보편적인 인터넷 통제의 개념과 국가별 유형에 대해 알아보았다. 그런 다음 중국의 인터넷 통제 기술이 어떤 과정을 거쳐 발전되었는지, 90년대부터 현재까지 인터넷 통제 방법을 다각도로 고찰해 보았다. 마지막으로 집단시위 이슈에 따라 인터넷 정보가 어떻게 차단되고 표출되는지 중앙정부와 지방정부 간의 역학 관계로 분석하였다. 이러한 분석을 바탕으로 향후 중국에서 정보화 기기를 이용한 파급적인 인민의 저항이 발생한다 하여도 대규모 물리력과 기술력을 동원한 중국정부의 유연한 통제를 전망할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.286-303
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• 2009

본 연구는 한국에서의 산.학 e-Learning 운영 실태를 조사 분석하여 중국에서의 e-Learning 운영을 위한 발전 전략을 탐색하는 것이 목적이다. 연구방법은 주로 문화 기술적 연구 방법인 문헌 조사법, 전문가 상담법과 자료 분석법을 이용하였으며 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국의 정책적 경험을 거울삼아, 중국 정부가 기업 e-Learning에 관련된 정책 (기업 e-Learning 제도, LMS, 표준화, 품질 보장 등)을 지속적으로 수정.보완하여야 하며 국제 교류와 합작 등은 중국의 기업e -Learning 운영에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 한국의 e-Learning은 LMS의 표준화 및 콘텐츠 개발 등과 같이 실제적인 발전을 중시하여 좋은 효과를 얻고 있다. 그러나 중국에서의 e-Learning은 외형적인 관리제도만을 중시하였다. 따라서 e-Learning의 확대일로 시점에 있는 중국은 한국 사례를 통해 LMS의 표준화 및 콘텐츠의 질 관리 등과 같이 실제적인 발전 전략을 도모하여야 할 것이다. 셋째, 한국의 WBI, LMS, 팀워크 등의 학습 방법을 중국 e-Learning에 도입하면 개별화 학습과 협동학습이 적절히 혼합하여 발전할 수 있을 것이고 Blended Learning 등의 학습 방법을 중점적으로 다루어야 할 것이다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제71권
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• pp.297-324
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• 2016

China not only has the largest amount of rare earth reserves, but it also produces the most rare earth products. However, China lacks appropriate supervision and management systems of its rare earth industry. The Chinese government's inappropriate mechanisms have been cause for reckless development by national rare earth providers characterized by excessive competition, environmental pollution, and smuggling. In response to the problems, China implemented regulatory measures to restructure the rare earth industry. The Chinese central government intensifies its efforts to control the total quantity of rare earth products and tackle environmental pollution. Six leading conglomerates have been selected to promote the Chinese central government's policy. A new environmental guideline has been drawn up to reduce the discharging of wastewater and air pollution substance. Huge transition and a great influence of its policy changes are expected. These policy changes are bound to entail huge transitions, and the policy is expected to have a great influence in the future structure of the rare earth industry. In consideration of these changes, the Korean government, in collaboration with private enterprises needs to take appropriate measures, such as overseas resources development, R&D expansion, tactical stockpiling, professional manpower training and so on.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.53-74
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• 2017

This paper focuses on the recent extraordinary growth of Chinese cross-border online shopping and draws implications for firm strategies and government policies in Korea to utilize the phenomenon as an opportunity to expand into a broader market via e-commerce exports. I conduct a survey of Chinese cross-border online consumers to identify constraining and determining factors during the stages of their purchase decisions of Korean products. Given the fact that Chinese cross-border online shopping is at the incipient stage and consumers have expressed a strong intent to repurchase, future strategies should focus on attracting new consumers. Accordingly, Korean firms should build a powerful brand image, improve product quality and post-purchase services, and take full advantage of the popularity of the Korean Wave. Meanwhile, the government must step up policy efforts by, for instance, improving e-commerce export statistics, simplifying logistics and clearance procedures, and building trust in Chinese consumers.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2019

The after China's reform and opening up, the country has been facing the era of material abundance based on its economic power. The Chinese food industry has been growing along with economic growth, high quality, and diversified customer needs. Also, as Chinese people have strong attachment to food, many food franchise companies have been also growing rapidly. As the Chinese government encourages and supports the field of food franchises, so that the quality and quantity of the Chinese restaurant industry have been improved largely. Meanwhile with the support of the Korean government to enter the overseas market, the number of Korean franchise companies are increasing to operate their business in China. Under the influence of Chinese food industrial climate, Korean companies are also in search of global market advancement to China. However, the risks in China are unexpectable, which means that the recent move of China is literally showing rugby action, criticism of operating businesses in China has been climbed up and the domestic SMEs are seriously considering whether to stay or leave. This study investigates the environmental risks of Chinese enterprises, in which the food franchise companies could experience, to manage any risks from entering the Chinese market with uncertainty. Through SWOT analysis and cases, strategies to avoid the risks are suggested for Korean companies to enter the Chinese markets. Therefore, this study researches in the current status of Chinese and Korean restaurants, explores any risks in China in terms of exports to China and market advance, develops strategies to avoid those risks, and provides essential suggestions for entering into Chinese market.