• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.10.1-10.5
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• 2016

Setarches longimanus (Alcock 1894), in the family Scorpaenidae, was collected from Busan and the coastal waters of Jeju Island, Korea, in January and November 2014, respectively. Two specimens are characterized by XI, 10 dorsalfin rays; 19-21 pectoralfin rays; III, 5 anal fin rays; a second preopercular spine much shorter than the first and third; and an interorbital width 11.3 %-11.6 % of the standard length. We also analyzed 587 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences in order to confirm the taxonomic status of the specimen. As a result, the sequences of our specimen almost corresponded to those of Chinese S. longimanus (genetic distance, d = 0.005), but considerably differed from those of S. guentheri (d = 0.120-0.124). We propose the new Korean names "Ma-su-gam-peng-sok" for the genus Setarches, and "Bul-geun-ma-su-gam-peng" for the species S. longimanus.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.463-468
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• 1987

The present paper was investigated to elucidate the nitrite-scavenging ability of vegetable extracts. Vegetable extracts possessed the scavenging ability of nitrite. By fractionatioh of vegetable extracts,nitrite-scavenging ability of garlic (Allitum sativum for. Pekinense), chinese pepper (Zanthexylum schinifolium), onion (Allium cepa), welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts were effective in the water-soluble fraction, but carrot (Daucus carota uar. sativa) in the methanol-soluble fraction. Nitrite-scavenging ability of vegetable extracts was also pH-dependent, highest at pH 1.2 and lowest at pH 6.0. Particularly, nitrite-scavenging abilities of water-soluble fractions obtained from garlic and chinese pepper were similar to that of L-ascorbic acid at pH 1.2. After vegetable extracts were treated with sodium borohydride, nitrite-scavenging ability was remarkably decreased at pH 1.2. It is assumed that reducing powers of vegetable extracts participated in their nitritescavenging abilities.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2012

We investigated the effect of the Geum river Estuary Barrage, on the migration and spawning of the Chinese mitten crab from May 2007 to January 2009. The larvae were caught on May in the lower reachs of the estuary barrage, but the juveniles were not collected in the upper reaches of the estuary barrage. Adult crabs arrived at the Geum river estuary for spawning in early September, and spawned between March and April. Therefor if there are corridors which let the juveniles move to the upper stream, the crab population might be restored to the former state that they grow up to adults in the freshwater, and could be migrated easily to marine habitat for spawning.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.403-412
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• 2011

Hydroacoustic surveys were performed to clarify the density and spatial distribution of fish upstream and downstream of Changzhou Dam in the Pearl River, China, with regard to the condition of the spillways. Fish were densely distributed in the forebay of the upstream dam and the average fish density was 0.22 individuals/$m^3$ under open spillways on 24 June 2010, but when the spillways were closed on 25 June 2010, the fish in the upstream dam dispersed and the average fish density decreased to 0.007 individuals/$m^3$. Meanwhile, the average fish density in the downstream region was 0.28 individuals/$m^3$ before the spillway was opened on 24 May 2010, but it decreased to 0.08 individuals/$m^3$ on 26 June, just after the spillway was closed. The vertical distribution of fish upstream of the dam was not consistent. The target strength (TS) of fish upstream of the dam was larger than that of fish in the downstream region, although the distribution of TS was similar between the upstream and downstream regions. Therefore, we concluded that while numerous fish could swim to the upstream region while the spillways were open, closed spillways obstructed fish migrating upward from the downstream region.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.255-259
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• 2007

Genetic diversity among four populations of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis from Narodo, Yeonggwang, Taean and Chinese Bohai Bay was assessed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting. Total numbers of AFLP bands generated (ranging from 251 to 254) and average percent of polymorphic bands (27.1 to 28.1 %) were similar in the four populations. Heterozygosity and genetic diversity within or among the populations were very low for the populations with average values ranging from 0.1177 to 0.1288 and from 0.1099 to 0.1194, respectively. Analyses of pairwise distance, Fst index and genetic similarity among the populations also revealed the similar results with very low genetic differentiation each other. These results suggest that all the wild populations tested in the present analysis may be belonging to the same genetic origin, and also that they may have a close relationship in genetic structure without any significant differentiation.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2007

To find out the effect of the spat planting time and environmental factors in the arkshell, Scapharca broughtonii (Schrenck), we investigated the growth, survival rate of arkshell and habitat characteristics in Gamak Bay, Yeoja Bay and Saryang Island. We planted artificial spats of arkshell in Gamak Bay and Yeoja Bay at November 2004, and also planted domestic and Chinese natural spats in Saryang Island at March 2005. We measured growth, survival rate of arkshell, physiochemical parameters of the water mass (water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and chlorophyll a) and characteristics of the sediment (oxygen penetration depth, oxygen microprofiles, ignition loss and chemical oxygen demand) by monthly. The cumulative survival ratio of arkshell in Gamak Bay was the highest at December, whereas the ratio of arkshell in Yeoja Bay was recorded as 0% at October. The monthly growth rates of arkshell length in Gamak Bay and Yeoja Bay were the highest in May and the growth rate of the Korean arkshell in Saryang Island was higher than Chinese ones significantly. The high mortality (> 65%) of the arkshell in Yeoja Bay during summer probably caused by high water temperature, inflow of low salinity water, and low dissolved oxygen concentration in sediment. The concentrations of nutrient and sediment COD were considered to play an important role in the monthly survival ratio of arkshell in Gamak Bay and Sarayng Island. We suggest that the growth and mortality of arkshell might be influenced to the planting time of spat and the habitat characteristics.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 2003

Bisphenol A (BPA), nonylphenol (NP), and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) are known endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with estrogenic activity in fish. This study compared the effects of BPA, NP and OP on in vitro vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis in primary cultures of hepatocytes of the Chinese minnow Phoxinus oxycephalus. The VTG secreted into the culture medium was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which we developed in this study using an antibody prepared from homogenates of Chinese minnow egg. VTG synthesis was induced by estradiol-17$\beta$ ($E_2$) and phenols (BPA, NP and OP) treatment. $E_2$ at concentrations of 10$^{-6}$ M or higher increased VTG levels significantly (P < 0.05). Exposure to 10^5\;M\;BPA\;or\;10^-4$M NP and OPinduced in vitro VTG synthesis (P < 0.01). However, $10^-3$ M BPA, NP or OP did not induce VTG synthesis. These results suggest that SPA has the highest estrogenic potential in Chinese minnow hepatocytes. Tamoxifen, an anti-estrogen, drastically blocked the production of VTG by phenols (BPA, NP and OP) suggesting that phenols (BPA, NP and OP) may act via binding to estrogen receptor (ER) in Chinese minnow hepatocytes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2021

Today, energy bars are consumed not only as snacks but also as meal replacement foods. Convenience and nutritional supplementation are the main factors accounting for the increasing use of energy bars. Two hundred Chinese customers who attended the China Fisheries & Seafood Exposition in China, and had no inhibitions about consuming cereal bars were selected. The questionnaire was composed of CATA choices that selected both the reasons for liking and disliking four different types of cereal bars, namely topokki flavor (hot pepper paste), seaweed flavor, kimchi flavor, and ginseng flavor cereal bars with 10% of dried anchovy content produced by BadaOne Co. (Seoul, Korea). The purpose of the study was to investigate Chinese consumer's attitudes and acceptance of different flavored cereal bars containing protein and calciumrich anchovy. For the selected Chinese customers, the acceptance score for the seaweed flavor was the highest, followed by topokki, red ginseng, and kimchi. The acceptance for the topokki flavor was higher than for seaweed for the attributes of color except for general acceptance, flavor, aroma, and texture. The results of the survey showed that the acceptance of kimchi was the lowest, contrary to earlier predictions. The results of the Check All That Apply (CATA) analysis showed that the reasons for liking the seaweed & anchovy flavor were the most diverse, and there was no reason chosen for disliking this flavor. The reasons for liking this flavor were listed as sweet flavor, healthy, seafood flavor, malty flavor, texture, new/unique, and umami. In the case of topokki and kimchi, the reason for disliking the flavor was umami, and in the case of red ginseng, the ginseng flavor was the reason for both likes and dislikes. CA analysis showed that both the flavor and emotional factors were positive for seaweed & anchovy and topokki, but negative for red ginseng. As a result, seaweed & anchovy flavor, which is familiar to the Chinese people, should be the first cereal bar considered for a launch.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.105-107
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• 2002

To get basic data for the utilization of S. herbacea L. as a raw material in food and Chinese herbs, chemical compositions of its leaves, stem and root were investigated. Leaves had the highest level of moisture and the lowest bevel of total sugar. The crude protein and crude lipid contents of the stem were similar to those of the root. Crude ash and salt contents (dry basis) in leaves were considerably higher than those of the stem and root. Total amino acid contents of leaves, stem and root were 1,270 mg/100 g, 1,525 mg/100 g, and 1,569 mg/100 g, respectively. Although the amino acid compositions of loaves, stein, and root were different, their major amino acids were glutamic acid, leuicine, isoleucine and aspartic acid. The rich minerals in leaves, stem and root were Na, K and Ca.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.346-354
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• 2006

The full-length cDNA of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was obtained from liver. The grass carp UCP2 cDNA was determined to be 1152 bp in length with an open reading frame that encodes 310 amino acids. Five introns (Intron 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) in the translated region, and partial sequence of Intron 2 in the untranslated region of grass carp UCP2 gene were also obtained. Gene structure comparison between grass carp and mammalian (human and mouse) UCP2 gene shows that, the UCP2 gene structure of grass carp is much similar to that of human and mouse. Partial UCP2 cDNA sequences of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) and mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella), were further determined. Together with the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) UCP2 sequence from GenBank (AJ243486), multiple alignment result shows that the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the UCP2 gene, were highly conserved among the five major Chinese carps that belong to four subfamilies. Using beta-actin as control, the ratio UCP2/beta-actin mRNA (%) was determined to be $149.4{\pm}15.6$ (common carp), $127.4{\pm}22.1$ (mud carp), $96.7{\pm}12.7$ (silver carp), $94.1{\pm}26.8$ (bighead carp) and $63.7{\pm}16.2$ (grass carp). The relative liver UCP2 expression of the five major Chinese carps, shows a close relationship with their food habit: benthos and detrituseating fish (common carp and mud carp) > planktivorious fish (silver carp and bighead carp) > herbivorious fish (grass carp). We suggest that liver UCP2 might be important for Chinese carps to detoxify cyanotoxins and bacteria in debris and plankton food.