• 농촌계획
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

This Research was carried out to investigate landscape characteristics of the traditional Chinese village through the landscape analysis. The Purpose of this study was to offer suggestions for improving Korea's traditional village scenery. This research was conducted by analysis about an important component of the landscape in Ping-shan traditional village. It was studied natural landscape, life landscapes, agricultural production landscapes and symbols landscape. This study was carried out through literature research, field research and interviews. The results of Chinese traditional village's landscape characteristic was First, Ping-shan traditional village was located on the basis of Feng-Shui settings. Second, Ping-shan traditional village was clan-based. Third, It is composed of a large green space on the outskirts of the village. Fourth, Ping-shan traditional village was a typical channel village. Fifth, Ping-shan traditional village was a living landscape with various features. sixth, Ping-shan traditional village was a lot of space to agricultural production, most of the arable land surround village. Suggestions for improving Korea's traditional village scenery are as follows ; First, proposes actively re-design on the base of defense fengshi landscape interpreted as a modern sense. Seconds, when large-scale farmland project is established in Korea, you can expect to gain knowledge from traditional Chinese village spacing. Thirds, It seems to require a study of the public space for festival. in the case of china, ancestral shrine space is center and space for festival. Fourth, It was important to seek knowledge about protection for frequent in flood plains in Korea's traditional village. Ping-shan traditional village was well-known for housing with contact water, connected channels and beautiful defense pond. Fifth, for improving Korea's traditional village scenery, we need to make various focus landscape features. Most of the visitors to Ping-shan traditional village was interested in the big and small beautiful landscapes and shelters.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is an analysis of research trends concerning history of landscape architecture found in the Journal of Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (KILA). To do this, I reviewed the 905 articles from the journal from 1973 to 2003, from Which 104 journals were selected. In the articles, there were numerous studies on Oriental history and there was a lack of studies on Western history. Many of the oriental landscape history articles featured the landscape architecture history of the Korean Choseon Dynasty. There was much difference between the 1980s and 1990s. The topics of the 1980s were usually royal palaces, villages and temples, whereas those of 1990s expanded to include confucian memorial halls, walled towns and historical landscape areas. Also the topics of the 1990s included Japanese, Chinese ,md Western landscape architecture. Nevertheless, we had almost no focus on preservation and inheritance of historical cultural landscape sites. To solve this problem, we can find our motivation in the studies in history of landscape architecture.

• 건축사
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• 통권527호
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• pp.100-101
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• 2013

• 건축사
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• 통권521호
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• pp.104-105
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• 2012

• 건축사
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• 2호통권310호
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• pp.66-70
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• 1995

• 지식경영연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.147-170
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• 2014

This study investigates the main characteristics of Chinese automobile industry based on the technology learning, architecture theory and cluster. As a case study sample, we chose three most representative automobile firms from three main cities in China, FAW from northern part of China, SAIC from middle part of China, and BYD from southern part of China. According to the research findings, FAW has equipped self-production ability in virtue of political support but felled behind in future transportation due to lack of convergence with local cluster. In case of SAIS, similar phenomenon happened in spite of highest purchasing power of shanghai. BYD has achieved great quantum jump through the aggressive investment strategy in electric vehicle even though there are still many technological learning and experience to be cumulated. Overall, this research extends the current literature on key roles (technological learning, architecture, and cluster features) in the automobile industry growth by suggesting their crucial aspects in knowledge management and strategic planning to a newly emerging market, China, and sheds light on the relationship between regional characteristics and automobile growth.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2012

"Ohju Yeonmun Jangjeon Sango" written by Lee, Gyu-gyeng is one of the most important encyclopedias in the period of Chosun-Dynasty. There are two chapters related to architecture in this book, one is "ancestral rite governance·human"chapter, and the other is "architecture·human" chapter. Both of them are hard to understand because they are written in ancient Chinese and consist of various quotations in ambiguous way. This paper as a partial study is deal with the former. It makes difference between writter's original texts and quotations through textual research, and translates to modern Korean, and analyze information about ancient architecture in texts. The texts can divide to three sections. The first introduces three Chinese architectural theory books as "Gogonggi(考工記)", "Yeongjo Beopsik(營造法式)" and "Mokgyeng(木經)", and mentions about the prototype of the royal ancestral ritual building in "Gogonggi Toju(考工記圖注)". The second quotes "Seoyeong(書影)" to introduce "Yeongjo Beopsik". The third quotes "PaePyeon(稗編)" to introduce "Yeongjo Beopsik" and "Mokgyeng", and mentions about the counting unit of columns of the royal ancestral ritual building. Although the purpose for these quotations is not directly mentioned, but we can find it is intended to explain the architectural prototype and lay-out of the royal ancestral ritual building.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1233-1250
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• 2015

The behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns made from high strength materials was investigated experimentally. Six high-strength concrete specimen columns (1:4 scale), which included three with high-strength transverse reinforcing bars and three with normal-strength transverse reinforcement, were tested under double curvature bending load. The effects of yielding strength and ratio of transverse reinforcement on the cracking patterns, hysteretic response, shear strength, ductility, strength reduction, energy dissipation and strain of reinforcement were studied. The test results indicated that all specimens failed in splitting failure, and specimens with high-strength transverse reinforcement exhibited better seismic performance than those with normal-strength transverse reinforcement. It also demonstrated that the strength of high-strength lateral reinforcing bars was fully utilized at the ultimate displacements. Shear strength formula of short concrete columns, which experienced a splitting failure, was proposed based on the Chinese concrete code. To enhance the applicability of the model, it was corroborated with 47 short concrete columns selected from the literature available. The results indicated that, the proposed method can give better predictions of shear strength for short columns that experienced a splitting failure than other shear strength models of ACI 318 and Chinese concrete codes.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.175-190
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• 1998

The formation of Chinese Town in Malacca of Malaysia and Singapore would explain that Chinese gradually played an important role of commerce and urban service according to the Western European advance to southeast Asia and the construction of colonial cities from the 16th century to 19th and massed residence in many cites of southeast Asia. Chinese was usually separated from the Western European by western colonial policy and city planning. Common architectural characteristics in Chinese towns of Malaysia can refer to the transmission of the Chinese architectural material, the combination of dwelling and commerce in a house and the space organization centered on a court or an air well in the narrow and long site, lying adjacent to street etc. The Chinese dwellings in Malaysia rooted with Chinese settlement in southeast Asia. The Chinese dwellings was not always a shop on 1th floor and a dwelling on 2nd floor before the 19th century. But as Chinese immigration and commercial activity progressed in earnest in the early of 19th century, the row house of Chinese for dwelling was autonomously changed to two functional shophouse for dwelling and commerce. Chinese row house can refer to the use of Malay regional material, change of symmetrical Chinese traditional housing type by the narrow and long site and the tendency of the eclectic elevation of Western and China. Another architectural characteristics of the shophouse is an appearance of the continuous verandah with a cover regulated by Stamford Raffles in Singapore. This regulation was applied to architecture in Chinese Town as Stamford Raffles constructed Singapore. It was spread to South China reversely and became the regulation of streetscape for the modern city. Shophouse of Chinese towns in Southeast Asia and south China can be understood by context of Chinese immigration, colonialism, housing type of commerce and dwelling and the Western European city planning.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2012

국내에 중국인의 유입이 증가하면서 중국 이주민 거주지가 많이 생겨나고 있다. 이러한 이주민 거주지역은 도시내의 독특한 경관을 형성할 뿐 아니라 도시경관에 있어서 문화적 다양성이 드러나고 있다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 중국 이주민 거주지 내의 시장공간을 대상으로 문화경관을 해석하고자 한다. 연구대상지는 서울시 영등포구 대림동 중국 이주민 거주지내의 중앙시장으로 하였으며, 연구방법은 참여관찰법이다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약해 보면 다음과 같다. 중국인 상인들은 보행자 도로에 탄즈나 상품더미와 같은 개인의 물건을 놓고 거기서 상행위를 하고 있으며, 큰 규모의 차양을 설치하여 보행자 도로를 완전 점유함으로써 보행자 도로를 가게의 내부공간으로 변형시켰다. 또한 보행자 도로를 이용하는 행인들은 차량용 도로를 통해 이동하게 되어 차량용 도로가 자동차만의 공간일 뿐 아니라 보행자를 위한 공간으로 변형하게 되었다. 이러한 변화를 통하여 원상태의 공간분류인 건물 - 보행자 도로 - 차량용 도로에서 건물 - 보도 및 탄즈 겸용공간 - 차도 및 보도의 겸용공간으로 변형되었다. 중국인 거주자에 의해서 중앙시장의 공간의 이용행태는 원상태의 공간의 이용행태하고는 본질적으로 다르며, 공간 구분에서도 기존의 공간구분과는 다르다. 그리고 이러한 공간에 대하여 중국 이주자들이 어떻게 인지하는지를 살펴보면 먼저 중앙시장에서 상행위를 하는 중국상인은 가게공간에서 탄즈와 같은 중국식 시설물을 설치함으로써 공간을 이용하기가 편리한 공간으로 인식하고 있었다. 그리고 중앙시장을 이용하는 중국인 고객은 중앙시장을 중국의 음식이나 일상용품을 쉽게 구매할 수 있는 공간으로 생각하고 있었다. 또한 중앙시장의 경관이 중국현지 경관과 유사하다고 생각하고 있어 이 공간을 친근하고 익숙한 공간으로 생각하고 있었다. 이처럼 중앙시장은 중국인이 중심이 되는 소비의 공간이자 한국 안에 위치하는 작은 중국으로 생각하고 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 차이나타운의 건설 시 중국인 거주자의 입장에서 계획이 될 수 있도록 이론적 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다. 또한 참여관찰법을 통한 연구는 실질적이고 깊이 있는 정보를 현장에서 직접 수집하는 방법으로 조경분야에서도 정보를 수집하는데 방법론적 의미를 가질 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.