• Journal of architectural history
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.77-85
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• 2019

The Fisher House, the first Korean Legation in the USA was located at 1513 O Street in Washington, D.C. This house was a three-story brick building with a height of 12.2m(8.84m up to the eaves) and a mansard roof. Facing the street, it is 7.32m (24 feet) wide and 23.6m(77.4 feet) depth. There is a long hallway after the entrance and a parlor with a grand fireplace next to it. This long hallway leads to a central hallway with another fireplace and a central staircase connecting the 2nd and 3rd floors. After the stairs a dining room is with a fireplace in the middle, which then leads to a pantry for dishes and the kitchen. It can also be argued that The Fisher House was the first Western-style residence for Koreans who were officially dispatched from the government. On the other hand, when living in The Fisher House, Park Jung-yang, who was sent on the three premises of the Yeonjak, directly experienced how the United States sought independence from the U.K. through the Declaration of Independence, Mount Vernon, the Washington monument, the Arlington National Cemetery, and battlefields. Even though he was summoned back to Korea by China in less than a year, Park Jung-yang actively supported the independence movement when he became acting prime minister in 1896. In this regard, The Fisher House arguably is the birthplace of Korea's independence movement.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.53-66
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to estimate the location and space configuration of Sauidang(四宜堂), which is a house in the late Joseon period. Sauidang was built by Hong Man-hoe(洪萬恢), the last son of Princess Jeongmyeong(貞明公主), was used as a house for Pungsan Hong clan(豊山 洪氏) for approximately 150 years, and is now defunct. However, the existence was estimated through Sauidang-ji("四宜堂志") compiled by Gwan-am Hong Gyeong-mo(冠巖 洪敬謨) in 1824. Based on the mention that "Sauidang was located in Hundo-bang(薰陶坊) of Ihyeon-dong(梨峴洞)" and the literature referring to "the site of Myeongryegung Palace(明禮宮)", this study estimated the location of Sauidang. Maps and photographic data in the modern age enabled us to examine the utilization cases of medium- and large-sized lots by examining the correlation with the current Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Korea. In addition, it was possible to estimate the spatial configuration of Sauidang with a focus on words to clarify the detailed explanation of Sauidang mentioned in the literature and spatial relationship.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

The types of China Ancientry Architecture are rich and colorful. Among all these architectures, the Traditional Residence Architecture have the closest relationship with the mass's life. Traditional Residence Architecture reflected the connotation of the culture, philosophy ideology, especially the relationship between dwelling house and the nature, which can't be ignored by our modern people as well as the modern design. Beijing Sahap-won residence architecture is one of the apotheosis of China Traditional Residence Architecture, it'svery suitable for family's habitation. There's brilliance layout in space; around symmetry and radioactivity in plane, discretion grade in line, independence and continuity in inner spatial, with high privacy and benignity, Before the development and explore of modern APT Architecture design, we should fully understand the feature of Ancientry Residence House, inherit and carry forward its culture. The proposed design is started from the consolidation of the traditional feature of Beijing Sahap-won and the modern residence architecture, therefore to satisfy the modern people's fierce pursuing to the traditional culture.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.185-193
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• 2006

The study is designed to understand on the farmer's life in Yanbian, China. The major findings are: 1) The people in farmhouse use wood as a fuel for cooking and the method of cooking is traditional style using their iron pots. The floor heating of the house and cooking food can be carried out simultaneously. Most of the farmer use pump system. 2) Korean traditional foods should be inherited and they usually eat rice. Kimchi, Soy-sauce, and Hot-pepper paste are mostly made at home. 3) Housewives do actively participate in income management. Results indicated that overall Korean immigrants in China maintain their ethnic identity, ethnic language and culture.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.205-214
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• 2014

As a result of the rapid economic growth and birth control policy, China is experiencing low fertility rates and increasing life expectancy, which makes Chinese population aging very quickly and unprepared for their retired life. The reverse mortgage may be an attractive option for the elderly because it is a loan against a house that they do not have to pay back as long as they live there. In this paper, in order to introduce the reverse mortgage scheme in China the factors that could influence the demand of reverse mortgage are reviewed and the Chinese market environment is analyzed. Then the principal component analysis is performed in order to recommend the regions or cities that have higher potential for successful implementation of a reverse mortgage than any other ones in China.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2015

To investigate the influence of blade profiles on cavitation behavior in impeller of centrifugal pump, a centrifugal pump with five different blade profiles impellers are studied numerically. The impellers with five different blade profiles (single arc, double arcs, triple arcs, logarithmic spiral and linear-variable angle spiral) were designed by the in-house hydraulic design code using geometric parameters of IS 150-125-125 centrifugal pump. The experiments of the centrifugal pump have been conducted to verify numerical simulation model. The numerical results show that the blade profile lines has a weak effect on cavitation inception near blade inlet edge position, however it has the key effect on the development of sheet cavitation in impeller, and also influences the distribution of sheet cavitation in impeller channels. A slight changing of blade setting angle will induce significant difference of cavitation in impeller. The sharp changing of impeller blade setting angle causes obvious cavitation region separation near the impeller inlet close to blade suction surface and much more flow loss. The centrifugal pump with blade profile of setting angle gently changing (logarithmic spiral) has the super cavitation performance, which means smaller critical cavitation number and lower vapor cavity volume fraction at the same conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

This study is to solve this problem, as the center of China in the east started the investigation. In eastern China : rapid economic growth, Population is concentrated, Migration of rural population to large cities. So I chose this as the survey area. Including central and eastern China : Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Zhejiang Province, Fujian Province, Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province and Shanghai. Research studies as a whole is divided into three main parts: The first is the basic situation of rural housing survey. Including : housing age, wall materials, roof form, house equipment, housing composition, etc. Then home for further investigation of these houses exist in the main room on the device and the joint space problems. Finally, to address these issues, the survey specifically classified as a pure compound the family home and two cases. Through interviews, to understand the survey requirements for housing improvement. Finally, comparison summary, conclusion.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.264-267
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• 2009

Today, our lifestyle and residential culture has been changed have been changed by interchange with various countries in various sides. In order to become an internationally recognized residential environment designer in this environment, we must understand the housing viewpoint of residents in a country first. Therefore, this study was intended to obtain useful material for residential environment design of both countries by comparing the housing viewpoint between Chinese students studying in Korea and Korean students. A questionnaire was conducted on 205 Korean students and 193 Chinese students (Korean race) from Y University in random sampling basis. The result is as follows. First, both Korea and China have a higher ratio of apartments in both current and previous types of house. But, both Korea and China have similar ratios between detached house and apartment for a desired type of house at the time of moving in. Second, Korean and Chinese university students consider and as the most important functions of residence, and Chinese university students consider more functions of residence than Korean students. Third, both Korean and Chinese consider a living room as the most important space among housing spaces, but Chinese consider a private room more importantly than Korean. Fourth, overall satisfaction rate of Korean students for current houses was average, and most Chinese students were generally satisfied with their houses.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.167-181
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• 2010

This research was designed to explore the meaning of housing among Korean Chinese in Harbin, China. In particular, the meaning of housing was examined by using the pathway approach. Utilizing qualitative research methods, this study administered the in-depth interview on the oral history of an individual life, and the 5 elderly persons in their 60s and 70s participated in the individualized interviews that were conducted from May 28 to 31 in 2010. The main findings of meaning of housing were as follows; 1. Similarly to the meaning of housing in 1970s and 1980s in Korea, house was viewed as both a shelter for family members and relatives and a place for their comfort. 2. Prior to multi-story residences, Harbin had only 3 different forms of single-story houses available; Chinese style with Kang and soil room(地室), Korean style with 'Ondol', and Russian style with open floor and Pechka, The promotion at work enabled participants to move to multi-story residences, their moving time varied from 1970 to 1991, and the residential moving determined their current housing status. 3. Multi-story residences were available around 1970s, floor-heating system was introduced from 1990s, and high-rise apartments were built from 1998. Korean Chinese(朝鮮族) weren't satisfied with the spatial composition of individual units embedded into the Chinese culture, especially, entrance, kitchen, bathroom and veranda. 4. Based on assimilation through socialism, adaptation to socialist society and capitalist acculturation, the lifestyles of the interviewees were categorized into five types - capitalist-proactive(Ms. KS), socialist-pragmatic(Ms. J), socialist-inducive(Ms. KY), family centered-conservative(Ms. L), and socialist-adaptive(Ms. P). This study implies that housing-related services for Korean Chinese are necessarily provided so as to embrace their life style and cultural identity in housing design, and further studies need to be explored.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.34
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• pp.138-171
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• 2001

This paper, based on the filed survey conducted from August 14 to 21, 2000, examines the architectural characteristics of traditional dwellings of Sujeonchon(수전촌, 水田村) village. Sujeonchon village is located on the northen slope of Changbaishan Mt., Andohyun(안도현, 安圖縣) of jilin Province(吉林省), a province in the northeastern region of China. The village was established between late 1940's and early 1950's by the Korean-Chinese. Later on, some of the Korean-Chinese residents moved out of the village and presently, the residents are composed of both the Korean-Chinese and the Chinese consisting about fifty-fifty. Since the cultural background and the living custom are different from each other ethnic group, that is, the Korean-Chinese and the Chinese, their dwellings reveal some differences between them. Through the study, the architectural characteristics and distinctions of the Korean-Chinese and Chinese dwellings are found and summarized as follows: 1.The way of building layout is different between them: the Chinese mainly follows the north-south direction of building layout, while the Korean-Chinese considers the surrounding environmental condition. 2.The floor level of kitchen is different between them: that of the Chinese house is same as the outdoor earth level, while that of the Korean-Chinese is lower than the outdoor level. 3.The way of providing the kitchen space is different between them: the kitchen of the Chinese house is consist of one separate room, while that of the Korean-Chinese is open to the living area. 4.The way of heating system is different between them: the Chinese house has kang only at the sleeping area, while the Korean-Chinese install whole under-floor heating of gudeul in the living area. 5.The attitude to the way of building is different between them: the Chinese are easily adapt to the new building materials and construction method, while the Korean-Chinese are showing strong attachment to the traditional way of building. 6.The houses of the Chinese and the Korean-Chinese have their own traditional ornaments and talismans on and in the building.