• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.26-29
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• 2003

This study determined that the four corrosive characters of carbon steel in the marine splash zone (MSZ) in China's four sea areas. It has a range and a corrosion peak value. The rust in the MSZ plays the role of "depolarizer" in the cathodic process of corrosion. The growth law of the rust layer in MSZ has a character of "annual ring". In addition the reasons causing serious corrosion of carbon steel in the marine splash zone has been discussed in this paper.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2017

Purpose: There is little information about China's medical service system and health care facilities in Korean medical architecture papers, which is inconvenient for scholars engaged in medical building research and comparison. Futhermore, the transformation of the notion of health and the ascension of the service needs show the lack of medical function, and then make functions of hospital construction are always in the state of dynamic renewal. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the Chinese medical service system and general hospital related laws and regulations for future research to provide effective analysis of data, and find shortcomings. Methods: This study was conducted by a research on law and regulation of China's medical service system and general Hospital. Results: At present hospital construction in China is in the period of rapid development and it exposes the layout of medical health facilities is not reasonable and the service does not reach the designated position and so on. Overall, it requires more detailed guidelines to enhance the quality of medical health services. Implications: It is expected that the research of this paper will provide effective reference for future research on Chinese medical architecture system and medical facilities, and can promote and perfect the construction of Chinese medical architecture theory system.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제60권
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• pp.177-194
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• 2013

According to the 2013 statistics, the small/medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) accounted for 99.9% of the Korean economy with 87.8% of employment. This simple figures also indicate SMEs export extension is a key task for the national economy stimulation and job creation. The SMEs export plunge has been affected by the European financial turbulence, US financial instability, developing countries like China entering foreign markets, a weak yen, etc. EXIM Bank, in this context, will need to take a more proactive attitude to provide trade finance by, for example, reviewing the business feasibility for SMEs with a lower credit rank or investigating importers' credit status, etc. Moreover EXIM Bank provides factoring service mostly to large companies and should lower its threshold for service provision to SMEs. Finally EXIM Bank should play more than a primary forfeiting market entity. It also needs to facilitate the secondary forfeiting market.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.277-308
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• 2007

Northeast Asia Nations introduced each single window system for simplifying the customs clearance procedures in order to prevent the rekeying the customs and trade-related data. A single window is a means for enabling users to complete all the necessary import/export procedures in a single input and by single transmission by linking the related system. WCO recommends CDM, UCR, ACI that completed by WCO's own projects for assist to establish the single window for customs clearance. Northeast Asia Nations such as Korea, China, Taiwan, Japan undertook trade process reengineering for introducing single window for customs clearance. Korea and Japan introduced a e-customs systems as a good single window system. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to construction of the efficient single window system for customs clearance by studying e-customs cases in Northeast Asia Nations.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제64권
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• pp.213-237
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• 2014

The medical-device market of Myanmar in the recent Asian region is where the influences of Thailand, China, India and Singapore are being shown considerably with the lift-up of economic sanctions by America and the West. However, although the global capital and liberalization have widened the openness and the international concerns, the relative Myanmar's medical environment demands an active assistance and improvement. The study, recognizing the importance of Medical-Devices and their market conditions emerging as key business for knowledge-based industry, aims to obtain consequential meaningful suggestions, pursuant to relative export-concentration and sustainable market growth of Medical Devices, by analyzing inter-nation trade intensity for key Medical Device items. To do so, this study selected 8 nations in total by reviewing three points: core Medicine-advanced countries, geographically adjacent countries to Myanmar, and relative export-concentration.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.15-32
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• 2017

This article's aim is to review the jurisprudence which has emerged pursuant to the international dispute settlement provisions and to provide a provisional expectation as to the future of international dispute settlement under "UNCLOS". Globally, marine fisheries play an important role in ocean biodiversity and the food security of millions of people, providing a vital source of high-quality dietary protein and supporting individuals' livelihoods and income. In the 1982 Convention, the establishment of co-operative mechanisms for effective monitoring, control, surveillance and enforcement, decision-making procedures facilitating the adoption of such measures of conservation and management, and the promotion of the peaceful settlement of disputes are called for. In this study, 'Northeast Asian Sea' means that the Yellow/East China Sea, the East Sea, the Ohotsk Sea, the Kamchaka Sea, the Alaska Sea, and the Bering Sea surrounded by Korea, China, Japan, Russia, U.S.A. and Canada including their EEZs. There are several bilateral fisheries agreements existing in Northeast Asian area, the Fisheries Agreement between Republic Korea and Japan, between Republic of Korea and China, between China and Japan, between Republic Korea and U.S.A., between Republic Korea and Russia, between Russia and Japan, And there are several regional fisheries organizations existing in Northeast Asian area, for example NPAFC(Convention for the Conservation of Anadromous Stocks in the North Pacific Ocean), CBSPC (Convention on the Central Bering Sea Pollack Conservation), PICES(North Pacific Marine Science Organization), NPFC(North Pacific Fishery Commi-ssion) etc. It analyzed the proliferation of bilateral treaties and multilateral treaties due to the adoption of the EEZ in Northeast Asia reviewed the strengthening of management rights on the high seas marine living resources and marine environment preservation of regional fisheries organizations. In view of the changes in the international fisheries mechanism this paper suggested the future direction of the country in overseas fisheries. We concluded as follows. We shall apply bilateral treaties first, regional fisheries organizations' treaties secondly, and provisions under "UNCLOS" for dispute settlement last.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

Purpose: Korea, China, and Japan can be seen as a geopolitical community that has developed through various relationships in terms of history. However, nowadays, it seems that they are pursuing different societal goals resulting from the difference in political and social systems, demographic structures, and economic situations. The law provides the minimum standards for people's lives in the direction that the society pursues. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the architectural differences in medical facilities and their causes comparing the legal standards of medical facilities in Korea, China, and Japan. Methods: The subject of the study is Korea, China, and Japan's legal standards of facilities corresponding to the Korean medical service act; enforcement decree of medical service act; and enforcement rules of medical service act. The scope of the study is as follows: First, the facilities standards and the reason for the revision of the standards after the 1950s when the current system of each country was established are investigated and thus the changing trends of the facilities standards that each country has pursued are analyzed. Second, the range and level presented by the current facilities standards of each country are compared and the differences are analyzed. Finally, cases in which the differences in the legal facilities standards are reflected in the actual design are compared and the effect of the facilities standards of medical facilities on the architectural plan is identified. Results & Implications: Each country differs in the legal standards of facilities because of changes in demographic structure and experience of disease. Moreover, it is identified that differences in social operating systems, especially in the operating methods of medical facilities, affect the range and level enforced by the facility standards. When investigating and researching foreign standards of facilities and cases for foreign medical facilities, it is required that they should be analyzed in consideration of the social and cultural aspects of each country.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.323-349
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• 2011

중국은 WTO 회원국으로써 WTO 협정에서 정하고 있는 반덤핑 제도 관련 규범 및 기타 각종 규범들을 여타의 WTO 회원국과 마찬가지로 국내법과 제도운용에 있어서 WTO의 그것과 합치시켜 운용할 의무가 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 중국 정부의 반덤핑 법규는 덤핑마진의 산정, 경미수입물량에 대한 조사 종결기준, 일몰재심 등과 관련된 세부규정에 미흡함을 지적받고 있어 법적 불확실성을 초래하고 있다. 또한 가격약속과 관련된 규정들 중 일부 규정은 WTO 협정과 일치하지 않는다. 그러므로 우리정부는 단독 혹은 WTO 여타 회원국과 함께 중국 정부에게 반덤핑 법규를 WTO 관련 협정에 부합 되도록 개정해 줄 것 을 요구함과 동시에 중국 정부가 자의적으로 운용할 여지가 있는 모호한 규정들을 구체화시켜 줄 것 을 요구해야 한다. 이와는 별도로 우리나라는 중국이 반덤핑 제소를 개시하면 WTO 관련 협정과 차이가 나는 중국의 반덤핑 법규를 중국 당국이 어떻게 적용하는 지에 대해 면밀히 파악하여, 규정상의 모호성을 WTO 관련 협정의 내용과 부합되게 적용하는지 혹은 위배되는 적용을 하는지에 대하여 초점을 맞추어 그 대응책을 준비해야 한다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2021

Korea's FTA e-commerce regulations are evolving into a standardized norm. However, "location of computing facilities", which was not covered by Korea's existing FTA, was newly established in Korea's first Mega FTA, RCEP. China, a member of RCEP, restricts data movement and requires data localization through its Cybersecurity law. These facts have led to start this study with interest in data-related regulations. It examined country-specific and regulatory characteristics in the process of forming digital trade norms, using the TAPED established by Burri et al. (2020). It also analyzed the current status of introducing norms related to 'data flow', 'data localization' and 'data protection' of the EU, USA and China, which are leading the formation of e-commerce trade norms. Finally, the legal review was conducted to compare the exact meaning of the wording expressed in each agreement for the six recently enacted Mega FTAs and Digital Economic Agreements. These findings are meaningful in that they provided implications for the effectiveness of RCEP and the direction of negotiations on Korea's digital trade norms.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.259-294
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• 2013

중국은 2007년 자국의 위성을 폭파하는 실험을 하고, 신문이나 텔레비전 등에서 크게 보도한 바 있다. 이와 관련하여 세계 각국에서의 비판이 있었고, 이 문제에 관한 관심이 지대하였다. 그 내용을 보면, 우주에서 군비확장에 박차를 가한다는 것이나, 우주의 안전한 이용을 저해한다는 관점에서의 비판이 많았다. 대량의 우주 쓰레기를 생성하는 것이 된 이 중국의 자국위성 폭파실험행위는 국제법, 특히 우주조약에 위반했는지 여부에 관하여 논한 것은 별로 없었다. 우주잔해는 중대한 문제라고 주장되고 있는 데도 불구하고, 여전히 그 양은 증가를 계속하고 있다. 이대로 우주물체의 발사를 계속해 간다면, 우주공간의 이용 자체가 크게 저해되어 버리는 경우가 현실화 될 수 있다. 더구나 우주공간의 상업적 이용이 향후 더욱 더 행해지고 있기 때문에, 이 문제는 더욱 중요성을 더해 갈 것이다. 이러한 위험성을 충분히 이해하고 국제사회가 협력해서 우주 쓰레기의 저감에 대처하고 있다. 일찌기 미국이나 소련도 ASAT(Anti-Satelite)실험을 하고 있었다. 그러나 이에 대해서, 군사적 측면을 포함해서 우주조약에 위반한 행위라는 항의는 보이지 않았고, 중국의 이번 실험도 동일하게 위법이 아니라고 하는 것이 일반적인 견해라고 생각된다. 현재는 당시에 비해서 우주 쓰레기에 관한 연구도 비약적으로 이루어지고 있으며, 그 위험성이 충분히 인지되고 있다. 이러한 상황 하에서 대량의 우주 쓰레기를 발생시키는 것이 되어버린 중국의 자국위성 폭파실험행위를 종래의 해석으로 단순하게 위법이 아니라고 정리해 버리는 것에 대하여 약간의 저항도 있다. 본고는 지난 중국에 의한 자국위성 폭파실험이 국제우주법을 위반하고 있는지의 여부에 대한 재검토를 시도해 보고자 한다. 본고의 구성은 먼저 사건의 개요를 확인한 다음 이번 실험은 "달, 기타의 천체를 포함하는 우주공간의 탐사 및 이용에 있어서의 국가 활동을 규율하는 원칙에 관한 조약"에 위반하고 있는 것인지 여부에 대한 검토를 하고자 한다. 또한 실험 후에 개최된 유엔과학기술소위원회원회에서 우주잔해의 저감에 관한 가이드 라인이 유엔에서 처음으로 채택되었는 바 그 특징이나 향후의 과제에 대해서도 검토 하고자 한다.