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A Study on Recognition, Utilization of Food and Nutrition Labelling of Elementary School Students (초등학생의 식품영양표시에 대한 인식 및 이용실태)

  • Oh, Sae-Hyun;Lee, Yang-Soon
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.1083-1094
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to provide a fundamental research data that is necessary in an education of dietary life so that the students have sound dietary life through a right food purchase after investigating perception of children's dietary habit and activity, food labelling, and nutrition labelling for 400 students of the 5 and 6th grades. The result of the study are as followings. In terms of perception questions over food labelling, on the whole, "know it little bit" was the highest. Girls and country was higher than boys and city. A list of item that is important in contents of food labelling were period of circulation, data of manufacturing, price, used ingredient, origin of product, nutrition contain labelling, manufacturer, quantity in contents(quantity, the number). A meaningful difference was shown in gender(p<.05) and area(p<.01). In 30 perception questions over nutrition labelling, "know it little bit" was the most, and girls and country were higher than boys and city. In ascertaining nutrition labelling at the time of purchasing the food, "look often" was the most. Girls and city were higher than boys and Gun in average but no difference was statistically shown in knowledge mark in utilization and perception of nutrition labelling. The response rate in girls(p<.01) and country(p<.05) was higher in a question of "if nutrition labelling is displayed, nutriment that is harmful for our body will be eaten less" and girls' response rate was higher in the question of "being educated for my health". Therefore, practice centered nutrition education is necessary to purchase the food after ascertaining food nutrition labelling out of an attitude in habitually purchasing the processed food. The students develop comprehensible food nutrition labelling the direction to emphasizing nutrition educational labelling and recognizing that the healthy nutriment is contained without conventional and food safety centered labelling should be changed.

A Survey of Fast Food Ding out Behaviors (패스트푸드 식당이용자의 식사행동에 관한 실태조사연구)

  • 전미정
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.15-29
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    • 1990
  • A survey was conducted of 1,454 customers to investigate dining out behaviors at fast food restaurants of Youido department compound, Myung-dong and Gang-nam district in Seoul, in April, 1988. The results are summarized as follows; The majority, 85% of customers, were aged 14 to 30, consisting of junior and senior high school children, college students and company employees. The reasons given by customers for patronizing fast food restaurants were the following, from most to least frequent; "convenient to dining," "the adequate place for the companionship", "the surroundings and dining equipment are pleasant and hygienic", "to be able to stay as long as I want". The fast foods purchased by the customers were mostly for a between meal snack or ice cream or drink rather than a full meal. The majority of the customers ate the purchased foods at the fast food restaurnats. However, a limited number of female customers preferred to take the packed fast foods to their homes. Tast Preference was a major factor in food selection from available food items. Ice cream, juice, French fried potatoes, salad, fried chicken, rolled rice with laver, and coke were high on the list of liked foods; in constrast, lower preference was for porridge, fish burger, doughnut, chicken burger and rice cake. Preference by food nationality was highest for Korean food, then Western food, Chinese food, Italian food and Japanse food, in that order. Customers offered suggestions for better fast food service, such as lowering the price, greater variety in the menu, increasing the propotion of vegetables and fruits on the fast food menu adn developing fast foods from traditional Korean foods. The customers, in particular, emphasized a need for the development of Korean traditional beverage of malted drink and persimmon punch, as well as mungbean pan cakes and sweet-spicy rice noodles(docbokki), as fast foods.y rice noodles(docbokki), as fast foods.

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Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Hypertension in Korean Adolescents -Based on 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey- (한국 청소년의 고혈압과 관련된 식사 및 생활양식요인 분석 -2005년 국민건강.영양조사 자료에 근거하여-)

  • Kim, Kil-Lye;Son, Sook-Mee;Kim, Hye-Kyeong
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.439-453
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    • 2011
  • This study was performed to determine dietary and lifestyle factors associated with hypertension in Korean adolescents. Study subjects were 12~19 years (n = 521) adolescents who participated in the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III). Subjects were divided into the hypertensive group (HG, n = 102) and normotensive group (NG, n = 419) by '2007 Korean children and adolescents growth standard' and the relationships between blood pressure and physical measurement, nutrients intakes, eating behaviors and health related factors were analyzed. HG showed significantly higher levels in weight, waist circumference and BMI than NG. The amount of nutrient intakes was not different between NG and HG. Index of nutritional quality (INQ) for phosphate was higher in HG compared with NG. In both male and female HG, INQ for iron was higher but INQ for vitamin B1 was lower than NG. HG revealed higher consumption frequencies of snack, yoghurt, and ice cream compared with NG. In eating and behavioral factors, 'dinner with family', 'eat proper amount', 'keep Korean traditional diet', alcohol drinking, and mean alcohol intake were significantly different between the two groups. By logistic regression method, risk factors for hypertension revealed in this study were gender (male), age (15~19 years), BMI (${\geq}\;85$ percentile), and not keeping Korean traditional diet. These results suggest that education program for hypertension prevention in adolescents should include eating habits improvement and lifestyle modification as well as weight control.

A Study of Teachers' Breakfast and Ideal Breakfast Types (교사들의 아침식사행동 및 이상적 아침식사 유형을 위한 연구)

  • 황혜선;이진실
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.575-586
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    • 1999
  • We studied teachers' breakfast habits and their preferences on various breakfast types so that we will furnish data to nutrition education including ideal breakfast habit and development of various menus. The meal considered as most importantly were dinner (66.2%), fellowed by lunch(21.6%), all three meals(6.4%) and breakfast(5.8%). Men considered breakfast more importantly than women. On the contrary, women considered dinner more significantly compared to men. The group aged 45 and over emphasized breakfast and all three meal. 78.1% of subjects answered that breakfast is necessary and 61.5% of subjects ate breakfast regularly. Those who have breakfast regularly was lower in women(50.0%) than in men(71.3%). Instead, those who eat breakfast irregularly or skipping it was higher among women(50.0%) than among men(29.7%). The percentages of having breakfast regularly was higher in older groups. For breakfast, 82.1% of subjects had conventional meal which included rice, soup and Kimch. On the other hand, 13.9% of subjects had Western style breakfast such as bread, cornflakes and milk. The major reason for eating breakfast regularly was answered as 'maintain health(71.8%)'. The major reason for eating breakfast irregularly or skipping was 'don't have enough time to eat(48.0%)', 'poor appetite(28.6%)'. The major physical discomfort after skipping breakfast was 'experience brash(35.6%)', 'lack of physical strength(35.1%)'. Subjects answered that breakfast served as 'source of physical strength(64.9%)', 'provides nutritional balance for a day(21.1%)' and 15.0% of subjects ate out breakfast. Therefore, it is suggested that teachers as well as school children be provided breakfast and snack in school. The preference and opinion regarding breakfast types wer conventional food including rice, soup and Kimch(67.0%). There was a little preference in Western style food such as bread, milk and coffee(14.3%), cereals mixture and porridge(10.7%). It was noticeable that 49.1% of females and those who reside in Seoul(42.2%) selected various breakfast types excluding conventional food. Therefore it will be accepted to working women as breakfast if it is nutritionally balanced and cook well in short time.

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Preschoolers' Effortful Control according to Paternal and Maternal Parenting Behaviors: Focusing on the Interaction Effect between Gender and Parenting Behaviors (부·모의 양육행동에 따른 유아의 의도적 통제: 유아 성별과 양육행동의 상호작용을 중심으로)

  • Bae, Yun Jin;Lim, Ji Young
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.77-97
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to examine 1) the relations among parent-reported, teacher-reported, and task-observed effortful control, and 2) the differences of preschoolers' effortful control based on preschoolers' gender and parenting behaviors (affectionate, controlled). In this study, the subjects were 221 preschoolers (104 boys, 117 girls) and their parents. The preschoolers' effortful controls was measured by Effortful Control Battery (Snack Delay, Turtle and Rabbit, and Red-Green Sign) and the Children's Behavior Questionnaire-Short Form. Parenting behavior was measured by the Parenting Style scale. The major results of this study were as follows. First, there were positive correlations between parent-reported effortful control and both teacher-reported and task-observed effortful control. Second, there were significant differences in preschoolers' effortful control by gender and level of affectionate parenting behavior. And there was an interaction effect between gender and level of affectionate parenting behavior on preschoolers' effortful control. The implications of this study were as follows. It is needed to evaluate effortful control in various circumstances and by multiple raters, and affectionate parenting behavior had an important role upon boys' effortful control rather than that of girls.

Fruit and vegetable intakes in relation to behavioral outcomes associated with a nutrition education intervention in preschoolers

  • Choi, Eun Byul;Lee, Ji Eun;Hwang, Ji-Yun
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.521-526
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    • 2018
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although a lot of effort has been put into increasing fruit and vegetable intakes in preschool children, vegetable intake in this group is still low. This study investigated whether nutrition education focusing on fruit and vegetable intakes can affect preschoolers' fruit and vegetable intakes as well as their behavioral outcomes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty-five preschoolers (54.3% boys, n = 19) aged 4-6 years residing in Seoul underwent weekly nutrition education intervention (8 sessions) between May and July 2016. Intakes of fruits and vegetables were measured during pre and post-intervention. At snack time, fresh fruit (150 g) and vegetable (120 g) snacks were distributed to each child by teachers. The remaining portions of the snacks were weighed and recorded for each child. Behavioral outcomes were measured by applying Child behavior checklist 1.5-5 and the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. RESULTS: During post intervention, vegetable intake increased from $36.15{\pm}30.64g$ to $48.01{\pm}31.23g$ (P = 0.010). Among the emotional and behavioral problems measured by parents, levels of total problems (P = 0.001), internalizing (P = 0.004), externalizing (P = 0.003), anxiety and depression (P = 0.001), and aggressive behavior (P = 0.005) decreased. Anxiety (P = 0.026) score, as measured by teachers, also decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition education of preschoolers regarding the intakes of fruits and vegetables had a positive effect on preschoolers' vegetable intake as well as on their emotional and behavioral outcomes. A long-term, large-scale study with a broader study design is warranted to further investigate the role of fruit and vegetable intake in cognitive development and behavior of preschoolers.

Development and Effects' Analysis of Nutrition Education Pamphlet for the Higherr Grades Elementary Students -Focused on Individual Daily Needed Food Exchange Units- (초등학교 고학년용 영양교육 소책자 개발 및 효과 분석 - 하루 필요 식품군 단위수 교육을 중심으로 -)

  • Lim, Eun-Su;Cho, Young-Sook;Kim, Se-Na;Kim, Sook-Bae
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.689-706
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of a nutrition education focused on Food Exchange System for the higher grades elementary children. Nutrition education lessons (40 min/lesson, 4 times), '5 major nutrients and functions', '6 food groups', 'daily needed energy and food exchange units', 'good choice of snacks and balanced exercise' were provided to elementary students (5th grade students). This research was based on the data from two groups of elementary school children in the 'education' group (n = 31) and 'non-education' group (n = 31). We assessed the changes in dietary attitude, food habit and nutrition knowledge using questionnaire and nutrient intake using 24hr recall method by nutrition education using the developed pamphlet. After education, there was a significant difference in the dietary attitude score only in attitude of 'balanced meal' (p < 0.001) in the education group compared to the non-education group. In food habit, there were significant positive changes in the type of breakfast and in the priority of choosing snack in the educated group. In nutrition knowledge, there were significant increases in scores of 'function of carbohydrate' (p < 0.05), 'function of fat' (p < 0.01), 'function of vitamin' (p < 0.01), 'foods of carbohydrate' (p < 0.01), and 'foods of vitamin' (p < 0.01) in the educated group. After education, carbohydrate: protein: fat (CPF) ratio was significantly different between the two groups (education group, 59 : 16 : 26 vs. non-education group, 63 : 15 : 23). In evaluation of nutrient intake by Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs), there were significant positive effects in energy (p < 0.05), thiamin (p < 0.05), riboflavin (p < 0.05), vitamin C (p < 0.05), phosphorus (p < 0.01), Fe (p < 0.01) and zinc (p < 0.01) in the education group compared to the non-education group. In conclusion, the developed 4 times' nutritional education pamphlet focused on individual daily energy requirements and food exchange units using food exchange system for higher grades' elementary student may positively change nutrition knowledge and dietary intakes.

Perception and Preference of Elementary Schoolchildren on Rice Foods in Changwon and Gimhae City (창원.김해 지역 초등학생의 쌀음식에 대한 인식 및 기호도 조사)

  • Yun, Hyeon-Suk;Lee, Mi-Ja;Lee, Gyeong-Hye
    • Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.341-352
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    • 2005
  • This study was based on the information provided by 1,180 elementary school children (630 boys and 550 girls) of 5th or 6th grade in Changwon and Gimhae of Gyeongnam province. They were asked about perception and preference for rice foods by questionnaires. The purpose of this survey was to find the way of encouraging rice intake and preference which is currently getting lower because of increasing simple westernized eating habits, and to provide basic information needed for inheriting and improving our traditional rice-based dietary culture. The results are summarized as follows. Most of subjects (91.2%) thought that steamed rice is better than bread for own health. The reason why they chose to eat steamed rice was 'because it is good for health' (61.2%), and 'because it is staple food item that we eat everyday' (26.4%). Seventy one percent of girls and 52.7% of boys gave the answer 'because it is good for health' as the reason for eating steamed rice. The reasons for the importance of the rice-based dietary culture were 'because of its superior nutritional value' (40.8%), and 'because it is our traditional eating culture' (28.6%). While significantly more girls (42.9%) answered as 'because of its superior nutritional value', more boys (39.0%) answered as 'because it is our traditional dietary culture'. More boys (59.0%) preferred noodles than girls' (54.7%), and fruits were preferred more by girls than boys as substitution foods for steamed rice showing significant difference (p<0.01). They wanted rice product developed in the forms such as Ssalamyun (29.8%), Ssalmandoo (24.1%), rice noodles (20.6%), and rice bread (15.6%). The preference score on rice products of subjects was one dish meals (4.27) and drinks (4.26), snacks (3.72), convenience foods (3.61), and steamed rice (3.44) in order. Preferred food showing points over 4 were Ssalbap (plain steamed rice) (4.29) in steamed rice type food, Kimchi bokeumbap (4.56), Bokeumbap (4.55), Bibimbop (4.45), Omelet rice (4.44), Kimbap (4.42), Ddukkuk (4.33), Curried rice (4.33), Jajangbap (4.28), and Ddukmandookuk (4.24) in one dish meal type food, Samgak Kimbap (4.26) in convenience type food, Songpyun (4.48), Injulmi (4.18), Teokbokki (4.71), Ddukkochiguyi (4.46), and rice cookies (4.24) in snack type food, and Shikhye (4.61) and Misugaru (4.28) in drink type food. Based on these results, it may be said that elementary school children think the rice-based diet is good for health and this dietary culture should be inherited and developed not only in a traditional aspect but also in a nutritional aspect. Therefore, more studies are needed to develop various forms of rice food products and cooking recipes.

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Assessment of Foodservice management practices and Nutritional adequacy of foods served in child-care centers (보육시설 급식소의 운영현황 및 급식실태 조사)

  • Kwak, Tong-Kyung;Lee, Hye-Sang;Jang, Mi-Ra;Hong, Wan-Soo;Yoon, Gae-Soon;Lyu, Eun-Soon;Kim, Eun-Kyung;Choi, Eun-Hui;Lee, Kyung-Eun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.243-253
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the foodservice management practices in child-care centers in order to provide basic information for the development of a model of a centralized food service information center. This approach was achieved using a variety of qualitative and quantitative information including general foodservice management practices and plate waste. A self-completed questionnaire survey of 651 child-care centers in Korea was undertaken and detailed information was carefully collected at 6 representative child-care centers. The results of the empirical survey were as follows: 1. Child-care centers categorized by location were in large cities (59.9%), medium cities (27.6%) and in provincial areas (12.5). 2. Private sector of child-care centers was 46.4% of the total followed by National/public (44.2%) and licensed home day-care programs (9.4%). 3. Total average number of children in child-care centers was $63.3{\pm}43.1$ with a very significant difference (p<0.001) in types of child-care centers. 4. The average space of kitchen and dining room was $5.0{\pm}3.8\;and\;10.8{\pm}11.0$ pyung ($1pyung=3.3058\;cm^2$). 5. The average cost of interim snack in morning and afternoon in child-care centers were $345.9{\pm}459.3$ won and $359.3{\pm}226.6$ won respectively. The average cost of lunch was $644.0{\pm}481.1$ won. There was a significant difference (p<0.001) by types of child-care centers with a highest cost of 863.9 won in licensed home day-care programs. 6. Only a limited number of dietitian were employed, therefore most of food service management practice was not conducted by professional personnel. 7. The result of nutritional analysis of the food revealed that the level of energy and nutrients contained in the food was below the recommeded level (RDA/3).

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Nutritional Knowledge and Eating Behavior of High School Students in Sungnam Area (남.여 중고등학생의 식생활 행동과 영양지식에 대한 실태 연구 (성남 지역을 중심으로))

  • Lee, Young-Mee;Han, Myung-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.305-316
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to find out how much they have several aspects of food related knowledge and eating behaviors of high school students in Sungnam area. The self-administrated questionnaire was used. The result were as follows: 1. The average height of boys and girls was $172.6{\pm}0.7$ cm and $156.3{\pm}1.5$ cm respectively. The average weights of them were $62.4{\pm}0.5$ kg (male) and $47.2{\pm}0.8$ kg (female). BMI (Body Mass Index) of them were $20.74{\pm}0.14$ (male), $18.82{\pm}0.28$ (female). The average age is 16.7 years old. 2. The 66.5% of the subjects were spent more than one-third of their pocket money in buying on light meals during three times a week. There were significant differences between income level of family. Boys spent more money on each meal than girls. And significant differences were also obserbed by their residence area and Bundang residences spent more in buying snacks. 3. The rate of skipping meals was 51.2% in boys compared with 68.0% in girls. The frequencies of buying snacks instead of main meal were high in girls. Time limits in eating may possibly be the main reason for skipping meals (59.8%), especially in the morning. Skipping a breakfast becomes general eating habits in high school students, because of pressure for time to go to school. 4. It is required that parents should be taught to prepare balanced lunch box for their children because the rate of students who prepared two lunch boxes are 49.4%. 5. The students took snacks once or twice a day. They usually bought snacks in school concessions (51.8%) and they selected items of snack instinctivly. The girls ate snacks during lunch break time (31.7%) and after dinner (23.6%). Boys ate snacks after dinner (29.1%). Preference of foods were different by sex. Boys preferred bread (31.7%), milk and otherdairy products (80.8%), cola and soda (42.0%) as their snacks between meals. Girls selected biscuit, chip, beverage, coffee as their snacks, frequently. 6. BMI value of the group who ate between meals more than three times a day was lower $(18.78{\pm}0.65)$ than that of the group who ate nothing between meals $(20.71{\pm}3.79)$. 7. As for the nutritional knowledge, the students generally had higher correct rate of answer about which nutritive components of food has (76.6%). But they had lower knowledge on questions of nutritive values in food (10.6%). There was a meaningful relation between favorite food and nutritional knowledge. In conclusion, there were some problems on nutritional knowledge and eating habits among the high school students. Therefore, it was required that girls should be learned to recognize the importance of breakfast and needed to select balanced meals and snacks. And it was required that the nutrition education should be complemented to motivate and improve practical eating behaviors.

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