• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.137-152
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• 1992

The purpose of this research is to obtain an empirically-based understanding of the attitudes of those children and mothers living in three different housing types : detached houses. row houses / villa and apartments. The subjects are 547 elementary school children in the fourth, fifth and sixth grades and their mothers in four different residential areas, Seoul. Followings are the result of this research. 1) Mothers put the first priority on the convenience of the dwelling space from the educational point of view, and they make complaints about their present dwelling space, in particular, children's play and storage space and the size of children's room. 2) They care a lot about the size of housing and, if the size of the housing is held constant, the mothers living in the apartments have more complain about. 3) The difference in the way children and mothers regard their dwelling space is great. The mothers would like to draw a clear line between rest space and play space. They would like to see their children play in their rooms, but children want to make use of the whole space of their housing for play. 4) Mothers think that the children's rooms should be used primarily for study while children think that their rooms have multiple uses such as studying, resting, and playing.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2008

This research reports on a qualitative analysis of email facilitated reflective dialogue with seven college students whose parent dies. The study was exploratory in considering cultural values on intact family and asked the question: What do children experience after parental death in terms of the relationships with intra and extrafamily systems? Young adult children of single parent family expressed that they felt social pressure to practice filial piety toward their single parent. They made efforts to fulfill the social expectation and to achieve social desirability. Social stigma from extrafamily systems affected the experiences of the bereaved children. In terms of intrafamily system, young adult children tend to idealize their deceased parent. Single parents depended on the young adult children, which made parent-child relationship enmeshed or conflicting. The holistic view of the study highlights the importance of interactions between individuals and the intra and extra family systems when understanding family loss experience of the bereaved young people.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.115-127
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• 1998

The purpose of this study intended to fully understand from the point of view of the elderly parent's satisfaction in the living to adult children. The subject of this study was elderly parent's over 55 years old whom live in Iksan. The sample was composed of 146 cases. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistic program. The major findings were as follows : 1) The effective indicator was related economic parts ; earns, the cost of living, educational background, sex, affection. 2) The affection related between elderly parent's and adult children was found to be high and the conflict between them was found to be low. 3) The economic interchange between elderly parent's and their adult children was influenced by religion, cohabitance with adult children. The effective indicator was conflict and dependent emotions. The serviced interchanges was influenced by spouse, sex, earns.

• 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2003

Recently, researchers have been debating whether Korean children exhibit a verb bias or not. Since verbs are perceptually and structurally more salient in Korean language, it has been questioned whether these differences in the Korean make a difference in the pattern of noun and verb acquisition of Korean children. Although language structures may vary between Korean and English, universal cognitive constraints play an important role in early vocabulary acquisition. Several recent studies have examined the noun and verb acquisition of Korean children. However, their conclusions regarding the noun versus verb bias have still been inconclusive. In this paper, previous studies investigating Korean children's noun versus verb bias are examined. Methodological issues are mentioned and results were reinterpreted as favoring the noun bias for one-year-old Korean children.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.223-234
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• 2003

Children interest themselves in all different toys they see, before beginning to speak. The psychological reasons for children′s interest in toys have been investigated for a long time. Thus many scientists have studied on the question "what is game？", but they have not reached a consensus yet. Such contradiction may be dependent upon different points of view of the researchers about game. Besides, the view of game of a child and an adult is different too. According to an adult game is a rebirth and escape from monotony. For child it is a work. The aim of this study is to make mathematics regarding a mass of abstract concepts for the students of grade 1-3 of primary school in the concrete operations period, more attractive with the help of educational and instructional games, and to contribute to student′s developing. The capability of thinking and producing by changing abstract concepts into concrete ones.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2003

Background: Snoring in children, is associated Kith adenotonsillar hypertrophy and sinusitis which contribute to upper airway obstruction, so we studied the sinusitis and adenoid size of snoring children with plain radiography Materials and method: Fifty patients having snoring, nasal obstruction in our hospital between November 2001 and November 2002 were studied using plain radiology PNS(water's view) and Neck lateral view(adenoid size with A/N ratio) Results: 1. In oriental medicine, Hu-Bi means laryngopharyngeal edema and obstruction, laryngopharyngeal disease are due to Hwa-Yeoul( fire and hot), sinus disease are due to Fung-Han(wind and cold) and Fung-Yeoul(wind and hot). 2. Age ranged from 2 to 17 year-old ( mean age: 6 years), 5-7 year-old were 18 patients (36%). Age of on set, 25 patients were 1-4 year-old (50%). 3. Of the 50 snoring patients, 37 patients were sinusitis(74%), 20 patients had enlarged adenoid(40%). Of the 20 large adenoid patients, 19 patients were sinusitis(95%). 4. Of the 50 snoring patients, size of tonsil were flowed. Fifteen were severe(3+), 17 patients were moderate(2+) and 15 patients were mild(1+). Of the 20 enlarged adenoid patients, size of tonsil flowed. Five were severe(3+), 11 patients were moderate(2+) and 4 patients were mild(1+). Conclusion : Of the 50 Snoring patients, 37 patients showed sinusitis(74%), 32 patients showed large tonsil(64%), 20 patients showed large adenoid(40%).

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.335-355
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• 2013

본 연구는 아동권리 존중 측면에서 어린이집에서의 휴식 및 낮잠에 대한 유아들의 인식과 요구는 무엇인지 알아보는 것이 목적이다. 연구대상은 서울시 국공립 B어린이집 원아 만4세 20명, 만5세 20명으로 총40명이다. 연구방법은 면담조사와 프로젝트활동 중에서 참여관찰로 이루어졌으며 이 과정에서 수집한 관찰기록, 녹음자료, 동영상자료의 전사본을 내용분석 하였다. 연구결과로 첫째, 유아가 인식하는 휴식의 의미는 가족과 함께 하는 시간, 재미있는 놀이하는 시간, 힘들고 화날 때 필요한 시간, 맛있는 음식을 먹는 시간으로 나타났으며 둘째, 어린이집에서의 낮잠에 대해 유아들은 자기 싫은데도 자야하는 시간, 조용한 음악 듣는 시간, 자고나면 기분이 좋아지는 시간으로 인식하였으며 셋째, 어린이집에서의 휴식 및 낮잠에 대해 유아들은 친구들이 귀가 후 종일반에 모였을 때 쉬고 싶어 하였으며, 교실 외 별도의 공간을 필요로 하고, 휴식할 때 친숙한 성인의 보호를 요구했다. 이 결과를 통해 유아들의 휴식 및 낮잠을 즐길 수 있는 권리를 존중하는 측면에서 향후 연구방향을 제안하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

This study was aimed at reviewing kinds and characteristics of children's costumes in consideration of their social and cultural backgrounds and particularly, those of children's costumes during the period of Enlightenment following Chosun dynasty and thereafter. Namely, this study focused on children's costume history in view of not adults' costume miniatures but their own concept. It is deemed very significant to review the history of our traditional costumes and thereby, express their decorative features with our contemporary sense. It is results can be summed up as follows; Strictly speaking, the period of Enlightenment can be defined as the one from Gwangwhado treaty in 1876 through annexation of Korea by Japan in 1910, but it may well extend until our emancipation from Japan in 1945. By 1890's, children's costumes remained almost traditional, but since then, the Chimas as well as Jeogori and breast tie began to be narrower. Particularly, Children's Jeogori began to be narrower with their breast tie disappearing gradually. By 1910's, children's costumes had changed much, with the breast tie replaced by the buttons and the longer Jeogoris.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.73-88
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• 1978

The survey is intended to improve science education by the analysis of problems produced in the following nine aspects (objectives, contents, materials, inquring methods, teaching methods, teachers, children, evalutions, admininative supports) during the past five years often the revision of new science curriculum. 1. View for science education. 1) The teacher's and children's view for science education can be seen renewed, being different from the old one. 2) Inquring method in learning and teaching began to take firm root and children came to know that it is the only way to study science. 3) Writers think that the new science education has stepped into the stage of being fixed to a considerable degree. 2. The aspect of administrative policy. 1) The amount of materials in possession is small and the present materials are lacking in solidity and precision. 2) Class room teacher's over load with miscellaneous things is a difficult problem to solve. 3) The shortage of the printed materials and books for children and teachers has an influence on the development of inquring method. 4) It causes cramming to examine all children at the same time by paper test. 5) It is more desirable to appoint qualified teacher only for science teaching. 3. Contents of science curriculum. 1) In current science textbooks. There can be found some contents which are difficult for teachers to understand and not in accordance with the reality of Korea. Therefore, it is imperative that contents of science textbooks should be reexamined. 2) As it is hard to teach concepts of reciprocal action and to prepare materials with teaching of the system of biological concepts, the teaching of contents is likely to be a cramming. 4. The aspect of in-service education. 1) It is obsolutely predominant reation that in-service education is making a great contribution to class room teaching. 2) As adiministrators' policy for science education has a great effect, in-service education for their enlightenment is needed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.490-495
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• 2017

Background Cleft lip and palate repair requires a deep and small surgical field and is usually performed by surgeons wearing surgical loupes. Surgeons with loupes can obtain a wider surgical view, although headlights are required for the deepest procedures. Surgical microscopes offer comfort and a clear and magnification-adjustable surgical site that can be shared with the whole team, including observers, and easily recorded to further the education of junior surgeons. Magnification adjustments are convenient for precise procedures such as muscle dissection of the soft palate. Methods We performed a comparative investigation of 18 cleft operations that utilized either surgical loupes or microscopy. Paper-based questionnaires were completed by staff nurses to evaluate what went well and what could be improved in each procedure. The operating time, complication rate, and scores of the questionnaire responses were statistically analyzed. Results The operating time when microscopy was used was not significantly longer than when surgical loupes were utilized. The surgical field was clearly shared with surgical assistants, nurses, anesthesiologists, and students via microscope-linked monitors. Passing surgical equipment was easier when sharing the surgical view, and preoperative microscope preparation did not interfere with the duties of the staff nurses. Conclusions Surgical microscopy was demonstrated to be useful during cleft operations.