• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2006

Purpose: The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to determine the relationships between the perception on the temperament and behavior problems of their children and mothers' characteristics with preschoolers. Method: Data were collected from 125 mothers of preschoolers in Kunpo city. The instruments used for this study were Korean CBCL, childrearing burden, mother's health questionnaire, and social support. Results: There were significant differences in the behavior problems according to preschooler's temperament. Difficult children were more hyperactive, withdrawn, aggressive, and premature in behavior. Preschoolers' behavior problems showed significant relationships with mothers' health problem, childrearing burden, and social support. Conclusion: Preschoolers' behavior problems are affected by their temperament, and related with mothers' characteristics. It is important to identify parents' perception on their children's temperament and behavior problems, and the parental role education programs are necessary.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2003

This descriptive study was conducted to explore the mothers' perceived temperament of their preschoolers, and its related factors. Survey from 212 mothers of preschoolers residing in Seoul, Daejeon, and Suwon was performed, and Schaefer's MBRI(Maternal Behavior Research Instrument), and PTQ(Parent Temperament Questionnaire) by Thomas and Chess, Child-rearing burden instrument by Han were used to collect data from September 15 to October 31, 2002. Data was analyzed with SPSS 10.0 Win program. Summaries of results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in temperament type-easy or difficult child-depending upon the demographic characteristics. 2. In temperament subscale, boys showed higher activity level than girls, and in working mothers group, adaptability was significantly lower although mood was higher. Preschoolers with expanded families were higher in activity level and intensity of reaction than with nuclear families. 3. Approach-withdrawal, adaptability, and mood showed significant negative relationship with maternal childrearing burden. 4. Temperament showed significant positive or negative relationship with maternal childrearing attitudes. In conclusion, it determined preschoolers' temperament was affected by primary environment such as maternal attitude, childrearing burden, and family type as well as children's gender. It was suggested that parent education and counselling program in nursing would be needed to promote children's desirable temperament.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2004

Purpose: This comparative descriptive study was conducted to determine the effects of maternal employment on the maternal child-rearing attitude, child-rearing burden, and temperament and health related variables of their preschool children. Method: Samples were recruited in child care centers in Seoul, Daejeon, and Suwon. 209 mothers with children age of three to six participated. Result: Employed mothers showed more positive child-rearing attitude, but there was no significant difference in child-rearing burden, Also, maternal attitude and child-rearing burden were influenced by satisfaction on the employment state. Children's temperament subscales were not different in two groups. Breast feeding and compliance on vaccination were done better by unemployed mothers. However, home safety, experience of accident and hospitalization of children were not affected by maternal employment. Conclusion: Maternal employment has positive influence in some aspects. This study provides basic data for parent counseling and anticipatory guidance for employed mothers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.96-107
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• 2001

Recent research indicates that the new mothers want to learn about childrearing, and have burden in care of infants. Also it indicates that the new mothers say the lack of confidence and knowledge about infant care. This study was a prospective longitudinal reseach developing parent role education program and evaluating the effectiveness of this program for mother-infant interaction, childrearing environment and infant development. Longitudinal quasi-experimental design was used. The subjects were the healthy infants weighing over 2,500gm at birth, whose gestational age was more than 37weeks, and their mothers. The sample consisted of 19 mother-infant dyads for intervention group and 18 dyads for control group. Data were collected from March 15th to December 14th in 1999. For the intervention group received programmed education that was consisted of discharge education, telephone counselling, and home visiting for maternal education. The data were analyzed using chi-square test and t-test to test the equivalence of two groups, and the effectiveness of intervention program. This study was focused on the results of six months time point. The results were as follows: 1. There was significant difference in the mean score of mother-infant interaction(NCAST) between two groups. Intervention group showed higher scores in the subscales of sensitivity to cues, cognitive growth fostering, and caregiver total. 2. There was no significant difference in the mean score of child rearing environment (HOME) between two groups of six-month-infants. But when each subscale of HOME was examined, intervention group showed higher scores in the dimensions of opportunities for variety in daily stimulation, maternal involvement with child, and emotional, verbal response. 3. Six-month-infants of the intervention group showed significantly higher GQ in the Griffiths mental development scale. In conclusion, the maternal education program was effective in promoting the mother-infant interaction, organizing the childrearing environment, and fostering the infant development. These results were very meaningful that we found parent role education necessary for normal infants' mothers, and nurses can make a great contribution in promoting health of infants and mothers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.398-404
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• 2006

Purpose: To investigate the rate of questionable development in infants born prematurely and explore factors affecting developmental delays. Method: The participants were 46 infants born prematurely being seen in one of two urban health centers. A questionnaire and the HOME checklist were used to collect data, and the Korean Denver II developmental screening test was administered. Results: Of the participants 21.7% were classified as having questionable development. The only variable with a significant difference between the two groups was acceptance　in the HOME checklist. Psychosocial factors such as mothers' burden, depression, family functioning, and social support were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: An early developmental screening test for prematurely born infants is needed. Also, the childrearing environment was identified as a significant factor in infants' development. These findings suggest that HOME score might be useful for identifying infants at risk for developmental delays and interventions for these infants will probably be more effective if their mothers can provide a more appropriate social environment. Further studies are suggested with larger samples.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.238-253
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of variables in studies related to unmarried mothers (UMs) based on Neuman's systems model, and the stressors and stress responses of UMs. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl's methodology for integrative reviews was applied. The literature was searched using five electronic databases (KISS, KMbase, KoreaMed, NDSL, and RISS) and a total of 99 variables were collected from 15 studies published between 2009 and 2019. Results: The main stressors for UMs were a sense of loss and burden caused by childbirth and childrearing. The main stress responses were parenting stress and depression, respectively. Within the basic structure of variables related to UMs, self-esteem played a crucial role by helping UMs adapt to their situation. Meanwhile, social support of UMs was significantly correlated with parenting stress, depression, and self-esteem. Conclusion: In order to understand UMs' stress, is necessary to explore their sense of loss, burden, and self-esteem. Furthermore, it is important to assess the level of parenting stress and depression of UMs and to provide effective interventions to alleviate these stressors. The results of this study provide useful knowledge that can be applied to nursing assessment and interventions for stress management in UMs.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.503-517
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• 2022

본 연구는 초등아동 대상의 공적 돌봄 서비스 제공이 사교육 참여 및 사교육비에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 여성가족패널조사 자료를 패널 프로빗 분석과 최소자승더미변수 모형을 활용해 분석하였다. 연구결과는 두 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째, 초등아동 대상의 공적 돌봄 서비스 제공은 자녀의 사교육 참여 경감에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 어머니의 경제활동상태와는 무관하게 공적 돌봄 서비스의 제공은 자녀의 사교육비 경감에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구는 다음과 같은 정책적 및 실천적 제안을 도출하였다. 첫째, 초등 자녀를 양육하는 '일하는 어머니'의 양육 부담 경감을 위해 공적 돌봄 서비스의 제공 확대가 필요하다. 둘째, 초등아동을 대상으로 하는 공적 돌봄 서비스의 질 제고가 필요하며, 이를 위해 정책적으로는 서비스의 통합적 관리와 서비스 제공자에 대한 처우개선이 수반되어야 한다. 실천적으로는 초등아동을 대상으로 공적 돌봄 서비스를 제공하는 기관에서 서비스 제공자를 대상으로 교육과 슈퍼비전을 제공함으로써 서비스 제공자의 돌봄 서비스 질을 제고해야 한다.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제72권
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• pp.49-70
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• 2022

연구 목적 : 본 연구는 대한민국 사회와 한국교회가 직면하게 된 저출산 시대라는 위기와 변화를 기독교 교육적 돌봄을 통한 대응과 해결 방안을 제시하기 위한 목적이다. 이를 위하여 대한민국 사회와 교회에 현실이 된 인구절벽, 저출산 문제를 하나님의 축복으로 임신과 출산 그리고 부모됨에 대한 의미를 성경적 측면에서 대안을 찾고자 함이다. 연구 내용 및 방법 : 저출산 시대에 부모가 된다는 부모 됨은 매우 어렵고 힘든 일이지만, 한편으로는 행복과 기쁨을 준다. 부모가 된다는 것은, 하나님의 축복이고, 일생에 가장 중요하고 가치 있는 일이다. 그러나 현대 사회는 부모가 되는 것을 스스로 선택할 수 있는 권리와 필요성을 강조한다. 핵가족화와 자녀 수의 감소, 그리고 아동 연구 발달 등으로 인해서 부모들은 어느 때보다 자녀 양육에 대한 많은 책임감과 경제적인 부담을 느끼게 한다. 따라서 부모가 되는 시기를 연기하거나 자발적으로 자녀를 갖지 않는 사람들도 점자 늘어나고 있는 것이 현실이다. 결론 및 제언 : 따라서 자녀 양육에 대한 책임감 저하로 인한 부모 됨에 대한 부정적인 인식을 개선하고자 하는 목적을 따라서, 기독교 교육적 관점에서 결혼과 임신과 출산 그리고 양육에 대해서 조명해 보아야 한다. 그리고 부모 됨의 인식과 이해 그리고 자녀 출산 및 양육의 특징을 파악하고, 과거와 현재의 가치변화 양상을 분석하고 원인을 논의와 저출산 해결을 비롯한 전반적인 육아 양육에 대한 기독교 교육적 돌봄을 제공하고자 한다.