• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.155-172
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• 2015

This study aimed to identify the effects of mothers' variables and present children's variables on subsequent childbirth plan and to explore predictors of subsequent childbirth plan for non-employed and employed mothers. The subjects were 1,635 mothers participating in the Panel Study on Korean Children from 2008 to 2010 and having no subsequent children until 2010 after giving birth to children in 2008. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t test, ${\chi}^2$ test, and decision tree analysis. The main results of this study were as follows. Firstly, mothers' child-rearing stresses, child value, marital satisfaction, social support, present children's birth order and sex influenced mothers' subsequent childbirth plans, whereas mothers' average family income per month did not. Secondly, in the case of non-employed mothers, their present children's birth order and sex, and mothers' child value predicted their subsequent childbirth plan. Specifically, mothers whose present children's birth order and sex was first and female had the highest possibilities of subsequent childbirth plan, followed by mothers whose present children's birth order and sex was first and male, and child value was higher. Thirdly, in the case of employed mothers, their present children's birth order and mothers' marital satisfaction predicted their subsequent childbirth plan. Specifically, mothers whose present children' birth order was first and marital satisfaction was higher had the highest possibilities of subsequent childbirth plan. Finally, the study suggested the role of Home Economics Education in raising the rate of subsequent childbirth.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.31-53
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• 2015

This study analyzed the factors having an influence on married woman's childbirth abandonment based on the 2011 materials (the 4th year) of PSKC (Panel Study on Korean Children), KICCE (Korea Institute of Child Care and Education). The analysis showed a few results. First, 'educational expenses for children' and 'physical hardship' were the factors having a major influence on the abandonment of another childbirth. Second, there was some difference in the reason for the abandonment of another childbirth according to the current number of children. That is, women with one child gave up another childbirth because of 'hardship to juggle child-care and work', while women with two children showed 'child-care costs' as a more important reason for the abandonment of childbirth. Third, 'age' and 'instrumental value of children' also had an influence on the abandonment of childbirth. Fourth, there was some difference in the factors having an influence on childbirth abandonment according to the current number of children. The research found that the community child-care environment such as 'leisure and cultural facilities' influenced the women with one child, and maternal psychological factor such as 'marital conflicts' influenced the women with two children in their abandonment of another childbirth.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.389-397
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• 2016

This study investigates convergent influence on childbirth perception and its association with job seeking stress, depression and hopelessness among some college women. The survey was administered to 531 college women in Jeonbuk area from March 28th to April 29th, 2016. The structured self-administered questionaries were used. The childbirth perception of respondents according to general characteristics turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: that of old age, that of religion, that of school life satisfaction, that of non drinker. The childbirth perception are significantly higher in higher job seeking stress group, moderate & severe hopeless group and moderate & major depression group. The childbirth perception was positively correlated with job seeking stress, hopelessness and depression. With the analysis of covariance structure, we could confirm relationship among the four factors such as job seeking stress, hopelessness, depression and childbirth perception. Job seeking stress was more influential on the childbirth perception than hopelessness and depression. The results are expected to be useful for health education to increase the positive thinking of childbirth perception of the college women. In the following study, the analysis about additional factors of convergent influence on childbirth perception will be needed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2004

Purpose: To compare the difference of state anxiety, perceived support, and childbirth experience perception, between the primiparous's husband who participated in actual labor and delivery process with her wife after finishing Lamaze childbirth class education and the husband who did not finished Lamaze childbirth class, for providing the basic data for effective nursing intervention and pre-childbirth educational program development for husbands. Method: At one general hospital located in Kyunggi-do and one clinic in Seoul, from April 6th to May 12th, 2003, the subjects were 146 including 67 primipara's husbands who participated in the 5-week Lamaze educational program and 79 primipara's husbands who didn't, using structuralized questionnaire. Analysis: Mean, frequency, percentage, 2-test, and t-test were used by SPSS 10.0 program. Result: The sub-hypothesis 1, 'there are significant differences between anxiety of the group who participated in Lamaze and who didn't' was not accepted(t=-1.043, p=.299). The sub-hypothesis 2, 'there are significant differences between anxiety by cervical dilatation the group who participated in Lamaze program and who didn't' was not accepted(t=-1.123, P=.263, t=-.356, P=.722, t=-1.879, P=.062). The hypothesis 3, 'there are significant differences between perceived support of the group who participated in Lamaze program and who didn't' was accepted(t=4.860, P=.000). Especially, the obstetrical support of the group who participated in Lamaze program, which could reduce delivering pain, was higher. The hypothesis 4, 'there are significant differences between the perception of childbirth-labor experience of the group who participated in Lamaze program and who didn't' was accepted(t=2.816, P=.006). Conclusion: The Lamaze program was a effective nursing intervention for husband's affirmative perception of childbirth-labor experience as well as husband's role as active supporters during labor process. The change of present woman-centered pre-childbirth education into both partner-centered education stressing on husband's needs, viewpoint and role as a supporter should be considered. Therefore, hospital administrators should pay more attention on enhancing the opportunities of husband for pre-birth education and participating in the process of labor as a family-centered nursing intervention.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2007

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to obtain basal information to establish a proper birth-encouraging policy in the future through the survey of the attitude towards childbirth and its related factors among female students in junior, senior high school, and university. Methods: A survey was performed for 2 weeks in June, 2006, for a total of 688 female students which included 185 ones in a girls' junior high school and 242 ones in a girls' senior high school in Sacheon, and 261 ones in two universities in Jinju. The selfadministered questionnaires developed by the authors included the socio-demographic characteristics, the attitude towards childbirth, the preference of a son for their future child, the belief on relative importance of family or work after marriage, the seriousness perception of low birth rate in Korea, frequencies of education in school about low birth rate. The attitude was measured by an answer to the question of 'To what degree do you think you are going to have a child(or children)?' Results: The proportion of positive attitude towards their future childbirth was 76.2% in junior high school, 63.9% in high school, and 82.8% in university students (p<0.01). In the logistic regression analysis, the significant factors related with positive attitude towards future childbirth were school grade, preference of a son for their future children, and belief on relative importance of family or work after marriage. Conclusions: It suggests that the related factors with positive attitude towards future childbirth need to be considered to make a proper birth policy.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.690-700
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• 2013

Purpose: Liver transplantation (LT) is the best treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease and most patients with LT return to their normal life. However, pregnancy and childbirth for women with LT are less common, mainly because it is considered to be dangerous for their health. The purpose of this study was to describe how Korean women after LT experience their pregnancy and childbirth. Methods: This study was designed to explore the experiences of pregnancy and childbirth of women with LT. Data were collected by individual in-depth interviews with four women who were pregnant and gave birth following LT in 2009. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Four themes emerged as a result of analysis: recovery of lost feminity and marriage; fulfilling roles through pregnancy; life-risking pregnancy; and perfect family achieved by childbirth. These themes describe in detail about challenges and concerns the women with LT faced for their pregnancy and childbirth as well as many emotionally touching experiences. Conclusion: The results of this study would support health professionals to be better prepared to help women with LT for pregnancy and childbirth by providing in-depth and insightful information.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.52-63
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• 1987

Il-primigravidas who visited antenatal clinic and their husbands were taught lamaze childbirth education by the investigator in the third trimester of pregnancy. Lamaze childbirth educational course consisted of six weekly class totaling twelve hours of instruction. A questionnaire was adminstered to subjects for the evaluation of Lamaze educational Program. 21-questions were rated on a Likert-type scale containing five responses and subjects described the advantages, the disadvantage, and the difficulties of lamaze childbirth education course. The results of the study were as follows; 1. The core contents of lamaze childbirth educational Program were Process of labor, anatomy and physiology of the female body, the care of newborn, maternal-infant attachment, breathing patterns to be used at the appropriate stage of labor, techniques for conscious relaxation of muscles during labor and delivery, and exercise to limber and prepare the body for the work of labor and delivery. All couples understood the above core contents very well and there were not significant differences between the understanding scores of wives and those of husbands (p>0.05). 2. 81.8% of couples Practiced breathing pattern to be used at the appropriate stages of labor one or three times a day and 72.7% of couples practiced conscious relaxation of muscles one or three times a day. 3. The contents of Lamaze childbirth educational program were easy for the couples to understand, and the total length, the amounts and the structures of 6-classes were appropriate. 4. Lamaze childbirth educational program was very useful, necessary, interesting, and successful to achieve the couples' objectives. 5. The couples expressed that they had positive attitude and high self-esteem, and reduced their anxiety on the pregnancy and labor.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.357-367
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify factors of Korean female workers' childbirth plans and to establish measures to improve the childbirth plan. Methods: Study subjects were selected part in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year surveys of the Korean Longitudinal Panel Survey of Women and Families. The selection criteria were as follows: women who had a spouse; were salaried workers currently employed for the last one month; belonged to a childbearing age; and had less than 3 children. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate factors associated with childbirth plans. Results: Childbirth plans by female workers decreased each year. The analysis of associated factors revealed that age, number of children were associated factors in all years. In addition, education, satisfaction about dividing household chores with the husband, and satisfaction about working environment were associated with the lack of planning for childbirth in female workers in the 1st survey year. Satisfaction about dividing household chores with the husband, family-work conflict, and satisfaction about the potential for personal development were associated factors in the 3rd survey year. Finally, family-work conflict, satisfaction about employment stability, and satisfaction about job task at work were associated factors in the 5th survey year. Conclusion: It is important to know the measures focusing on the lack of planning for childbirth, and hence these factors can be improved by assessing in general, family, and occupational characteristics. Additionally, employer policies regarding women employees who are pregnant or have children at home need to be reviewed.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.51-73
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• 2010

This study starts with the question raised from the perspective of marriage migrant women's pregnancy, childbirth and childcare policies. In other words, the study starts with the basic perspective that policies concerning the childbirth and childcare of marriage migrant women should be looked at from both gender-specific as well as a multicultural-specific perspective. In this context, the study examines the policy issues concerning childbirth and childcare of marriage migrant women from these two different perspectives as well as focuses on the current statistical data of childbirth amongst marriage migrant women. Next, the study examines the childbirth and childcare policies for marriage migrant women and proposes improvements in future policy developments. According to the study results, it is revealed that although there has been an increase in policies regarding pregnancy, childbirth and childcare, there needs to be a new direction and policy improvements in four areas from a gender perspective. Next, the results of the study indicate as a minority group, childbirth and childcare policies for marriage migrant women should take into account the various cultural backgrounds and differences from the following multicultural perspective.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.299-308
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was designed to identify nurses' perceptions and educational intentions regarding natural childbirth control (NCC) methods. Method: The participants were 313 nurses working at three general hospitals in Seoul. They were asked to complete a questionnaire composed of scales measuring knowledge and perceptions childbirth control methods, awareness of bodily changes in ovulation phase, perceptions of fetal life, which were developed by the author. Also, Chang's (2002) Sexual Autonomy Inventory was utilized. The data were analyzed by the SAS program. Results : Methods of condom and rhythm were considered to be more useful for childbirth control than other methods. Only 34-54% of them knew exactly about the NCC methods using menstrual cycle, body temperature, and mucus. The mean scores of sexual autonomy and awareness of bodily changes in ovulation phase were 3.8 and 3.4 out of 5, in respect. Educational intention was different statistically by the age, marital status, future intention to use NCC methods, and perception of educational need for NCC methods. Conclusion : Nurses' perceptions and educational intentions regarding NCC were low, especially in nurses who were married. It is recommended to encourage nurses to learn NCC methods for clients education.