• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.162-167
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• 2016

Purpose: To determine the socio-economic impact of gluten free diet (GFD) on Saudi children and their families Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which an online questionnaire was sent to all families registered in the Saudi celiac patients support group. We included only children (age 18 years of age and younger) with biopsy-confirmed celiac disease (CD). Results: A total of 113 children were included in the final analysis, the median age was 9.9 years; 62.8% were females. One hundred (88.5%) of the participating families reported that GFD food was not easily available in their areas, 17% of them reported that it was not available at all in their area. One hundred and six (93.8%) reported that the price of GFD food was very expensive and 70 (61.9%) families that the diet was heavily affecting their family budget. Significant social difficulties were reported among the participating families and their children including interference with the child's interaction with other children (49.6%), the families' ability to attend social gatherings (60.2%), the families' ability to eat in restaurants (73.5%), and the families' ability to travel (58.4%). Conclusion: There is significant negative socio-economic impact of GFD on children with CD & their families. Health care providers should be aware of these psycho-social difficulties and be well trained to provide a proper education and psychological support for these patients and their families.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.213-237
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• 2010

This study aimed at figuring out the current state of 26 family-health support centers in Gyeonggi-do, in order to prepare an activation plan for the centers. These centers are the main mediators of the family health operation. This study also aimed to understand the center users' satisfaction and demands. The results were as follows. First, a total of 65,794 participants from 9,960 businesses were processed. The majority had attended various integrated family services, followed by family counseling and/or family-friendly culture-establishing businesses. Second, the main users' profiles were as follows: average age, 41; average number of persons in the family, 3.78; education above foundation-level degree; diverse jobs that included special occupations; average monthly incomes of 3,390,000 won; and a middle-class living standard (as self-described by participants). Third, the users' main concern for their families was "financial difficulties," and they had an interest in education and counseling. Although they thought education and counseling were suitable solutions, they hesitated because they did not think their problems were serious enough to merit them. Fourth, the satisfaction level of their participation in their center's program was generally high, at 3.9-4.2 points. The majority of them said they would attend again in the future.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.31-55
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of verbal violence experience by employees on turnover intention and the mediating effect of customer-member exchange(CMX) and job satisfaction in local healthy family support center(HFSC). Additionally, the multi-group analysis and latent mean analysis showed varying results across working for general service and child-care service. For the purpose, study conducted a survey among all the employees at 56 local HFSC in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province. Of a total of questionnaires distributed, 319 were returned and analysed. The result of this study were as follows First, verbal violence experience by employees effected on CMX, CMX effected on job satisfaction, job satisfaction effected on turnover intention. Second, CMX and job satisfaction acceptance have statistically significant mediating effects between verbal violence experience and turnover intention. Third, as result of multi-group analysis, the structural relationship were no significant differences found in job position. In the latent means analysis, working for child-care service showed significantly higher latent mean values in verbal violence experience and CMX than general service. Based on the results, policy and practice implications of this study were discussed intervention with considerations given to the difference of the job position.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.411-422
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• 2020

With the increasing number of children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), very early-onset IBD (VEO-IBD), defined as IBD that is diagnosed or that develops before 6 years of age, has become a field of innovation among pediatric gastroenterologists. Advances in genetic testing have enabled the diagnosis of IBD caused by gene mutations, also known as monogenic or Mendelian disorder-associated IBD (MD-IBD), with approximately 60 causative genes reported to date. The diagnosis of VEO-IBD requires endoscopic and histological evaluations. However, satisfactory small bowel imaging studies may not be feasible in this small population. Both genetic and immunological approaches are necessary for the diagnosis of MD-IBD, which can differ among countries according to the available resources. As a result of the use of targeted gene panels covered by the national health insurance and the nationwide research project investigating inborn errors of immunity, an efficient approach for the diagnosis of MD-IBD has been developed in Japan. Proper management of VEO-IBD by pediatric gastroenterologists constitutes a challenge. Some MD-IBDs can be curable by allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With an understanding of the affected gene functions, targeted therapies are being developed. Social and psychological support systems for both children and their families should also be provided to improve their quality of life. Multidisciplinary team care would contribute to early diagnosis, proper therapeutic interventions, and improved quality of life in patients and their families.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1-22
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• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether and how infants showed their empathy in everyday lives at a childcare center. Methods: The participants of this research were 10 infants (23~31 months) attending a one-year-old classroom in a childcare center located in Seoul, and the data were collected primarily thorough participant observations. Results: The infants showed four categories of empathy in their everyday lives. The first one was related to the safety of their peers; it was presented when the infants found out that their peers were sick, in trouble, and having a hard time separating from their parents, or when they found possible risks to their peers. The second one was related to the achievement of their peers; it was presented when the infants noticed their peers trying hard to continue their play. The third one was related to the infants' pleasure; it was presented when they felt shared interests and joy with their peers. The fourth one was related to the infants' self-reflection; it was presented when the infants found out that what they had been doing made their peers upset. Conclusion/Implications: These results demonstrate infants' ability to empathize with others and also imply the need to support their development of empathy continuously.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.441-450
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• 2017

Childcare related studies have focused on the characteristics of care work, policy aspects, user family satisfaction, and job satisfaction of childcare helpers. But there have been few studies on family system characteristics that support childcare givers. Thus, this study conducted on the topic, "How to characterize the family resilience of long-term childcare givers?" The subjects belong to a healthy family support center in U. City, who belong to a group with an income in the top 20 % of about 20 persons working for more than 3 years. In an interview, qualitative questions were used Walsh's family resilience. The results are as follows. First, they had economic hardship, but their family would stand together and build up a family's power based on the couple's faith. They had a family role model based on their parents' family that included inherited maternity qualities from their mother. Second, the flexibility of the family organization changed to autonomous or co-role type and the connectivity. Especially, they appear as a family's leader. Third, their family communication was active, shared-care, responsible and passionate with family affection and understanding. The conclusions results are as follows. Participants were high school graduates as well as had work experience. They were characterized by positive family energy, a family belief system, family-based resources, flexibility, connectivity, open family communication and expression skills. Therefore, it can be suggested that it is necessary to check the family's resilience during an interview for the reliable, long-term supply of human resources for childcare activities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.302-311
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate on parenting stress, parenting guilt feelings and separation anxiety and alternative care in nurses. Data were collected from nurses with preschooler at 2 hospitals from August 2013 to January 2014. Self reported questionnaires were used to collect data from 163 nurses. There were significant differences according to the age, satisfaction of work place and co-worker, spouse support of parenting in parenting stress, parenting guilt feelings and separation anxiety in common. The majority type of alternative care was surrogate foster home when they went to work. However, there were significant differences according to type of alternative care in parenting stress, parenting guilt feelings and separation anxiety. Particularly, those who use child day-care center and surrogate foster home showed more parenting guilt feelings and separation anxiety in Scheffe post-hoc comparison. As a result, it is needed to be improvement of working conditions and policy for nurses' parenting support to continue work.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2023

Objectives: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had various effects on mankind, especially children and adolescents. Because children and adolescents spend a lot of time at school, COVID-19 has had a great impact on school mental health. In this study, we investigated the effect of prolonged COVID-19 on school mental health. Methods: We prepared self-report questionnaires for depression (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI), anxiety (Korean version of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children; Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, GAD-7), and post-traumatic stress (Primary Care Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, PC-PTSD) for administering to students aged between 7 and 18 years, recruited by a COVID-19 psychological prevention support group in the Gwangmyeong Mental Health Welfare Center for 2 years, in 2020 and 2021. Results: For children aged 7-12 years, there was no significant difference between the years 2020 and 2021 in the assessment of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Conversely, for adolescents aged 13-18 years, there was a significant increase in the scale scores (CDI, PC-PTSD, and GAD-7). Conclusion: Prolonged COVID-19 might have had a significant impact on the mental health of adolescents who spent a lot of time at school. When comparing the years 2020 and 2021, middle and high school students were more affected by COVID-19 than elementary school students.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.9-17
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• 2021

Childcare teacher experience emotional labor that suppresses, exaggerates, controls and regulates their emotions in order to produce the positive image required in the nursery field. The working environment for infants and toddlers has a problem of lowering the quality of life as a cause of psychological exhaustion of the emotional labor childcare teacher. Because singing helps to improve the quality of human life, research is needed to enable emotional labor childcare teacher to recover from psychological exhaustion and plan a positive life in the process of self-care. First, how is the psychological exhaustion of the emotional labor childcare teacher through song psychotherapy? Second, how is the process of self-care of the emotional labor childcare teacher through song psychotherapy? The study was conducted from March 2017 to May 2020, and through qualitative case studies, data such as in-depth interviews, direct observations, and participation observations were collected at the ○○○ daycare center for 50 minutes every 12 sessions. Based on the above findings, the following conclusions were drawn: First, through singing psychotherapy, emotional labor and childcare staff were able to discover, understand, recognize, face, communicate, and insight into their will to live, psychologically exhausted themselves. Emotional support from others can reduce the experience of emotional depletion and demonstrate a recovery of experience and an improvement in achievement due to frustration at work. Second, the self-care of the emotional labor child care teacher through song psychotherapy proved the temporal, spatial, relational, and emotional caring process, while maintaining the balance between caring for others and caring for oneself, body, mind, and spirituality are organic change. In this study, the psychological exhaustion and self-care process provides an opportunity to discover the essence of life, explore and express one's inner self, take care of others and oneself in a balanced manner, and provide insights for a whole person and healthy self. It is significant in providing opportunities to improve the quality of life through growth.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.252-264
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• 2018

Purpose: To understand the essentials of rearing conflict experience by three shift nurses in advanced general hospitals. Methods: The design was a qualitative research of phenomenology. Participants were 7 shift nurses working in advanced general hospitals who were rearing young children. Data were collected individually through in-depth interview on their life experiences. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi's phenomenological methodology. Results: Eighteen themes were drawn from 256 meaningful experiences and these themes were integrated to six theme clusters. The most influencing themes were 'Regret that I cannot satisfy even the slightest wish', 'Fail to care for kids', and 'Mutual feeling to care giver between appreciation and inconvenience'. Other themes were as follows: 'Body and mind are broken', 'The need for a three-shift system to support nurses who are rearing children', 'Doing my best for work and child rearing'. Conclusion: The nature of three-shift nurses working in advanced hospital and caring kids is explained as 'lives with conflict' between work and home. This study suggests it is necessary to establish a 24-hour care center for 3-shift nurses to keep working while rearing their children.