• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.108-114
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study utilized a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design to test the effects of foot massage on anxiety and sleep satisfaction response in preoperative patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Method: There were 40 subjects in the study (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The experimental group received foot massage once a day for 2 days before their operation. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics including mean, percentage, Chi-square, and t-test. Results: There were significant differences between experimental group and control group in the level of the state anxiety, pulse rate, and sleep satisfaction. Conclusions: Foot massage was effective in reducing anxiety and improving sleep satisfaction in abdominal surgical patients before their operation. Thus, foot massage may be used as an independent nursing intervention. This intervention can be performed anywhere, requires no special equipment, is noninvasive, and does not interfere with patients' privacy.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 1999

This study aimed to give an updated description of general clothing behavior patterns of the Korean elderly women. 430 women over 60 years old residing in Seoul wre surveyed with a questionnaire asking about their daily practices of clothing selection, disposal, recycling, quantity and place of purchase, and their background variables. Data were treated to SPSS for descriptive statistics, Chi-square analysis, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The result revealed that the wardrobe of the Korean aged women is by now fully oriented toward the western style. The subjects disposed of their clothing mainly because of their body size changes and had elementary fitting problems unsolved. They had clothing recycling experinces and turned out to be inactive clothing consumers with differing shopping places according to the types of clothing items to be purchased. The subjects'age and income level had significant effects on various facets of their clothing behavior.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.635-644
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study examined what characteristics and variables predict participation in support groups for women with breast cancer. Method: 282 women with breast cancer from 4 hospitals located in Busan were included in the study. Data was measured on each participant from September 2006 to February 2007. Data was collected using structured researcher-administered sheets and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The clients reported medium levels of illness perception, anxiety and depression, stress with coping, social support and self-efficacy. 48.9% of women with breast cancer participated in support groups. Significant influencing factors on the participation in support groups were 'operation time(+)', 'illness perception(+)', 'social support(-)', and 'self-efficacy(+)' Those variables explained 73.4%. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop a strategy or promoting program for promotion of illness perception and self-efficacy of women with breast cancer. Thus, it is essential to provide participation to a support group to a women with breast cancer.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.34-45
• /
• 1998

The purposes of this study were 1) to segment the female formal suit market based on clothing benefits sought by housewives in Checheon 2) to compare the real and ideal self-image's relative power on the clothing benefits factor, and 3) to develop a profile of each segment concerning self-image (real and ideal), and demographics. The data wer collected via a questionnaire from housewives. Using factor and cluster analysis, four groups were identified and labeled as 1) Easy care oriented users 2) Aesthetics/fashion oriented users 3) Low benefit oriented users. ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, Chi-square statistics revealed significant differences among the three groups according to clothing benefits, real and ideal self-image and demographic variables.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.666-679
• /
• 2002

The purpose of the present study was to analyze clothing shopping orientation and impulsive purchase behavior for clothing by using adolescents. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey from 680 middle and high school students living in Gangrung area from July 2 to July 6, 2001; 582 were used for the data analysis. Data were analyzed by chi-square analysis, 1-test, ANOVA, descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed significant differences in clothing shopping orientation and in the impulsive shopping factors for clothing among the groups determined by demographic characteristics and, in the impulsive shopping factors for clothing among groups determined by the shopping orientation. Female students and high school students showed higher tendencies of recent experiences of impulsive buying for clothing. More thin half of the subjects tended to spend less than 30,000 won and to buy two items each time when purchasing clothing impulsively. Most students used discount shops or specialized stores fur impulsive purchase.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.125-143
• /
• 1996

The purposes of the study were (1) to segment the female college apparel market based on clothing shopping orientation and (2) to develop a profile of each segment regard to fashion life style, information sources, clothing selection criteria, the importance of store attributes and patronage behavior. The data were collected through questionaire by random sample of 526 female college students. By cluster analysis of shopping orientation factors, four groups were identified(apathetic apparel shopper, highly involved apparel shopper, economic apparel shopper, psycho-socializing apparel shopper). Four groups were then compared through multivariate analysis of variance and chi-square statistics on 3 fashion life style factors, 11 information sources, 10 clothing selection criterias, 9 store attributes and 1 patronage behavior variable. Significant difference were found among the four groups on all these variables which indicate that clothing shopping orientation can be a useful base for segmenting female apparel market and these groups are unique in terms of the above 5 variables.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.64-75
• /
• 2019

This study analyzed the clothing color preferences of elementary students and the colors of clothes actually worn at school in terms of hue and tone. The sample consisted of 385 students enrolled at a public elementary school in Seoul. In this study, 120 color cards were used to guide the hue and tone. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows. First, the most preferred clothing colors were achromatic, purple blue, red, and blue, while the most preferred tones were vivid, and pale. Second, the largest percentage of top colors worn at school were achromatic and vivid tones, while the largest percentage of bottom colors at school were achromatic and dark tones. Third, elementary boys preferred vivid and strong tones, while girls preferred pale and vivid tones. Fourth, students at higher grades preferred deeper and darker tones compared with students in lower grades.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 1999

Using survey data from 323 families headed by the unemployed this study investigated the characteristics of the current living status and their coping strategies according to their job status(blue or white color) Descriptive statistics t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that families headed by the unemployed have been experiencing economic hardship hardship in housing and problems of family functoning as well as decreased level of living. The effects of unemployment were various depending upon the job type of head of the family. The family utilized several positive coping strategies to reduce financial hardships of the family Discussions and recommendations for the future research and practical welfare policy implication s for the families are identified.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.123-136
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to suggest a future senior housing plan by examining the preference of aged women in urban areas. The subjects were 465 elderly women in Seoul and statistics employed for the analysis were frequencies, means, Chi-square test, multiple regression analysis. Results were as follows : The respondents prefered senior housing located in suburbs. The most important locational factors were accessibility to garden and the aged women wanted living 20 minutes apart by walking or driving from their children's house. There was a tendency of moving toward three-generation house sharing kitchen and enterence with their children or assisted living which cared by warden as they get senile -living alone, poor income and poor health condition-.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.227-234
• /
• 2012

Hamming distances in medical science are used for the diagnosis of diseases. The differences of the distances, however, are often very small, and is not in the general statistical form such as normal or chi-square distribution. In this study, we explore the characteristics and significance of the differences of Hamming distances generated in medical diagnosis.