• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.533-548
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of balancing interference on the mandibular movement and masticatory muscle activity. 5 subjects(male. average age of 24.3) without dysfuction in masticatory system were selected. The balancing interference was provided by construction of cast metal crown and onlay on the upper and lower first molars. Clinical examination, changes displacement and velocity, and muscle activity were recorded and analyzed by means of BioPak system(Bioresearch Inc., Milwaukee Wisconsin. USA). The results were as follows ; 1. In clinical examination, various symptoms were reported by all subjects after application of interference. Almost symptoms were subsided after elimination of interference. 2. In the border movements in frontal plane, lateral border movement toward non-interference side was changed according to the interference after application of interference. Immediately after removal of interference, border movements' pattern was recovered as same as before experiment. 3. During gum chewing on the non-interference side, horizontal movement was decreased immediately after application of interference(p<0.05). 1 week after application of interference, horizontal movement was more decreased in 3 subjects and showed a chopping type masticatory stroke. But in 2subjects, horizontal movement was increased to avoid interference. 4. In EMG of the mandibular rest position, no significant changes were showed in the experiment period(p>0.05). 5. During gum chewing on the interference side, the activity of opposite temporal muscle was increased immediately after application of interference(p<0.05). 1 week after application of interference. The activity of ipsilateral temporal muscle and left and right masseter muscles was increased (p<0.05). 1 week after elimination of interference, increased muscle activity was recovered about the same level as before experiment. 6. During gum chewing on the non-interference side, 1 week after application of interference, the activity of ipsilateral temporal muscle was increased (p<0.05). 1 week after elimination of interference. increased muscle activity was returned about the same level as before experiment.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.328-342
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the factors related to tooth wear. For this study, 78 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 76 dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were selected as the patients group and as the normal group, respectively. Preferred chewing side, Angle's classification, lateral guidance pattern, head and shoulder posture were observed clinically. Electromyographic activity of anterior temporalis and masseter muscle were recorded with $BioEMG^{(R)}$ and occlusal status were recorded with $T-Scan^{(R)}$. Wear facet area of each tooth was measured from working model of upper arch corresponding to the occlusal status from T-Scan. Wear facet area were measured with planimeter in $mm^2$. Total area were divided into incisal, canine, posterior tooth area. Anterior wearfacet area was incisor area plus canine area, and unilateral area was anterior area plus posterior area. The data collected were analyzed by SAS statistical program and the results of this study were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between the two groups in total werafacet area, and male subjects showed tendency to have larger area in the normal group but female subjects showed tendency vice versa. 2. There was no significant difference related to preferred chewing side and Angle's classification, however some difference was observed by lateral guidance pattern. Anterior wear facet area in subjects of canine guidance was the largest in the three subgroups. 3. Subjects with head tilting to right side had larger posterior and total area, and subjects with higher shoulder in right side had larger canine and anterior area than any other subgrous. 4. Electromyographic activity of masseter muscle was more correlated with wear facet area than anterior temporalis muscle, and tooth contact number and force were significantly correlated with wear facet area, but the most important factor affecting tooth attrition was age.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1991

The author has synchronously recorded average electromyographic activities of temporalis anteriors and masseter muscles and the maximum bite force on the mandibular first molar on the prferred chewing side. These activities were recorded in order to study the EMG activity pattern of the working side and the balancing side to maximum bete force and functioning state of muscle in 30 patients with TMD and in 30 healthy subjects as controls. The results were as follows : 1. The maximum bite force on the mandibular first molar on the preferred chewing side was 20.63kg in TMD patients and 53.30kg in the healthy subjects(p<0.01). The maximum bite force in TMD patients was 38.7% of the healthy subjects. 2. The average electromyographic activities of temporalis anterioris and masseter muscles on the working side and the balancing side during maximum bite force were lower in TMD patients than in the healthy subjects(p<0.01). The average electromyographic activities of each muscle in TMD patients were 61.0%-62.8% of the healthy subjects. 3. The proportionalities of average electromyographic activities of temporalis anteriors and masseter muscles on the working side and the balancing side to maximum bite force were greater in TMD patients than in the healthy subjects(p<0.01). 4. Between the working side and the balancing side, the proportionality of average electromyographic activity of temporalis anterior to maximum bite force on the working healthy subjects (p<0.01). The proportionality of average electromyographic activity of working side and the balancing side in both groups (p<0.05).

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.254-264
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate the short-term changes in masticatory muscle activity and mandibular movement patterns after orthognathic surgery in skeletal Class III patients with facial asymmetry. Methods: Twenty-seven skeletal Class III adult patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of facial asymmetry: the experimental group (n = 17 [11 male and 6 female]; menton deviation ${\geq}4mm$) and control group (n = 10 [4 male and 6 female]; menton deviation < 1.6 mm). Cephalography, electromyography (EMG) for the anterior temporalis (TA) and masseter muscles (MM), and mandibular movement (range of motion [ROM] and average chewing pattern [ACP]) were evaluated before (T0) and 7 to 8 months (T1) after the surgery. Results: There were no significant postoperative changes in the EMG potentials of the TA and MM in both groups, except in the anterior cotton roll biting test, in which the masticatory muscle activity had changed into an MM-dominant pattern postoperatively in both groups. In the experimental group, the amount of maximum opening, protrusion, and lateral excursion to the non-deviated side were significantly decreased. The turning point tended to be shorter and significantly moved medially during chewing in the non-deviated side in the experimental group. Conclusions: In skeletal Class III patients with facial asymmetry, the EMG activity characteristics recovered to presurgical levels within 7 to 8 months after the surgery. Correction of the asymmetry caused limitation in jaw movement in terms of both ROM and ACP on the non-deviated side.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.409-415
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation between stress and oral health in some high school students. Methods: The subjects were 224 students from three high schools in Daejeon, Daecheon, and Incheon. from November to December, 2015. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out from November to December, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, awareness toward stress, stress-coping pattern, oral health-related quality of life and oral health care. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Results: In the analysis of academic stress level by the general characteristics and stress level, higher stress group showed higher experience in stress expectation(high group 16.43, subgroup 9.21), internal stress(high group 13.97, subgroup 6.16), expression type stress(high 10.06, sub-4.95). The higher stress group had emotional stress management in stress-coping pattern and less experience in difficulty of tooth brushing, chewing discomfort, and oral health-related quality of life management(p<0.001). Conclusions: The stress had a negative impact on the oral health related quality of life. The high school students should be able to manage the physical and mental stress. It is necessary to provide the continuous oral health care management against the stress by the dental hygienists.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.424-434
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• 2002

Food habit, eating-out pattern, smoking and drinking habits of 814 elderly (aged over 60) living in Incheon were surveyed by questionnaire. The ratio of the elderly who have balanced meals at moderate amount was slightly higher in urban area. Urban elderly tended to have mild foods, while rural elderly preferred hot and salty foods. Score for food habit was higher in urban elderly and there was no difference between male and female elderly. Most urban elderly had their meal at the public facilities for elderly, while most rural elderly used general restaurant and public room for elderly. Korean foods were the most favorite menu when ate out. Ratio of elderly who have difficulties in chewing was 21.2 and 39.6% for urban and rural elderly, respectively. Many elderly, especially more than 70% of female elderly, prepared the meals for themselves. Rural elderly smoked and drank more than urban elderly and male elderly did more than female elderly.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6477-6483
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• 2014

Background: Shammah is a traditional form of chewing tobacco [smokeless tobacco, (ST)] that is commonly used in the Middle East especially in Saudi Arabia (KSA), Yemen and Sudan. The Substance Abuse Research Centre (SARC) at Jazan University noted that no adequate research and information on the prevalence of shammah use in the province of Jazan, and KSA as well, has been provided in the scientific literature. Materials and Methods: An intensive systematic review of online databases was performed, including AMED (The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), Biological Abstracts, Cochrane Collection Plus, Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source, E-Journals Database, EBSCO Discovery Service, MEDLINE, PEMSoft, PEP Archive, PsycARTICLES, scopus, Sciencedirect and Google Scholar. Results: Shammah is a mixture of powdered tobacco, lime, ash, black pepper, oils and flavorings. ST in KSA is placed in the buccal or lower labial vestibule of the mouth. The user (or dipper) spits out insoluble debris. The importation of ST products is prohibited in KSA. Accessible information on legislative action to control the use of ST in KSA appeared in 1990. The actual percentage use may be higher, than reported since shammah is illegal in KSA and there may be some reluctance to admit to its use. Conclusions: This review paper is an initial step in a funded research project by SARC to understand the pattern of use of shammah and provide adequate epidemiological data. One goal of this review is to generate further data for public health education.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7277-7281
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• 2013

Background: Globally, there have been important changes in trends amongst gender, histology and smoking patterns of lung cancer cases. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 466 patients with lung cancer who were registered in Regional Cancer Center, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Manipur from January 2008 to December 2012. Results: Most were more than 60 years of age (67.8%) with a male: female ratio of 1.09:1. Some 78.8% of patients were chronic smokers with male smoker to female smoker ratio of 1.43:1. Consumption of alcohol was found in 29.4%, both smoking and alcohol in 27.5%, betel nut chewing in 37.9% and tobacco chewing in 25.3%. A history of tuberculosis was present in 16.3% of patients. The most frequent symptom was coughing (36.6%) and most common radiological presentation was a mass lesion (70%). Most of the patients had primary lung cancer in the right lung (60.3%). The most common histological subtype was squamous cell carcinoma (49.1%), also in the 40-60 year age group (45.9%), more than 60 year age group (51.6%), males (58.1%) and females (41.8%). As many as 91.9% of squamous cell carcinoma patients had a history of smoking. About 32.5% of patients had distant metastasis at presentation with brain (23.8%) and positive malignant cells in pleural effusions (23.1%) as common sites. The majority of patients were in stage III (34.4%), stage IV (32.5%) and stage II (30.2%). Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that the gender gap has been narrowed such that about half of the patients diagnosed with lung cancer are women in this part of India. This alarming rise in female incidence is mainly attributed to an increased smoking pattern. Squamous cell carcinoma still remains the commonest histological subtype. Most of the patients were elderly aged and presented at locally or distantly advanced stages.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the factors related to vibration of temporomandibular joint during mandibular opening movement. For this study, 144 patients with temporomandibular disorders were randomly selected. Angle's classification, lateral guidance pattern, range of maximal mouth opening, preferred chewing side, and affected side were investigated clinically. Mandibular torque rotational movement during opening was recorded with $BioEGN^{(R)}$ and vibration of temporomandibular joint during opening was recorded with $Sonopak^{(R)}$. After clinical diagnosis was made, visual analogue scale(VAS) was used for evaluation of clinical progress of the subject's chief complaints. The author calculated VAS treatment index(VAS Ti) from the record of VAS. The more VAS Ti was, the less remission of subjective symptom was, The data were analyzed with SAS/Stat program and the results of this study were as follows: 1. There were no significant difference in all the variables of joint vibration by age and sex. 2. Integral and peak amplitude in patients of Angle's class I were higher than those of class II or III patients. Integral in patients of group function was higher than that in patients of canine guidance or other types of lateral excursion. 3. As to Angle's classification or lateral guidance type, there were almost not significant difference between subgroup of same class or type and subgroup of different class or type on both sides. And there were also almost not difference between one side and the other side related to preferred chewing side or affected side. 4. Patients with disk displacement with reduction showed higher value of integral and peak amplitude than any other patients. 5. Joint vibration variables significantly correlated with VAS Ti of pain. with clinical range of mouth opening, and with ingredients of mandibular torque rotational movement.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.290-297
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• 2013

본 연구는 버섯재배부산물, 재활용가금깔개, 미강 및 straw로 구성되는 BF 사일리지 급여가 육성 거세한우의 행동양상에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험에 사용한 공시 한우는 11개월령 총 10두(평균 301.7 kg)를 2처리로 배치하였으며, 이 때 대조구(볏짚 자유채식)와 처리구(BF silage 자유채식)로 하여 48시간 행동관찰을 실시하였다. 대조구와 비교해서 BF 사일리지 급여구는 총 DM 섭취량과 NDF 섭취량이 각각 30% 및 36% 높았고, 채식시간, 반추시간 및 저작시간은 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 식괴수, 식괴당 반추시간에 있어서도 유의적 차이가 없었고, 식괴당 저작수와 FVI는 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 또한 대조구와 비교해서 BF 사일리지 급여구는 배뇨 회수가 높고(p<0.05), 음수 및 배분 회수에 있어서는 상호간에 차이가 없었고, 채식율, 반추효율 및 저작효율에 있어서는 더 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로 볼 때, BF 사일리지 급여는 볏짚과 비교 시 육성거세한우의 반추행동 상 큰 차이가 없다는 결과로 미루어 볼 때 차후 볏짚 대용으로 활용하여도 좋을 것으로 사료되었다. 즉 입자도가 큰 straw를 peNDF를 충족시키는 최소량을 혼합하여 부산물사료 사일리지를 제조, 급여하였을 때 육성거세한우의 반추행동은 볏짚 급여 시와 차이가 없었다.