• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chemical synthesis

Search Result 6,575, Processing Time 0.038 seconds

Effects of Reaction Conditions on Cobalt-Catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Interactions between Operating Factors

  • Ajamein, Hossein;Sarkari, Majid;Fazlollahi, Farhad;Atashi, Hossein
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.55 no.5
    • /
    • pp.824-829
    • /
    • 2011
  • In Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, because of few reactants ($H_2$, CO), scarce operating parameters affected on efficiency especially the selectivity of products. In this research, effect of operating parameters on the selectivity of Co-Mn-$TiO_2$ Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst were studied by design of experimental procedure and Taguchi method. According to this research, interactions between operating factors have a crucial effect on light products selectivity. Among these interactions, (temperature${\times}$feed ratio) has the main influence on light hydrocarbons selectivity. It was concluded that temperature and feed ratio ($H_2$/CO) were the most integral operating parameters for much greater selectivity of light hydrocarbons.

Suitability of Coal Fly Ash and Incineration Ashes as Raw Materials for Zeolite Synthesis

  • Murayama, NorihiHo;Yamakawa, Yousuke;Ogawa, Kazuo;Takami, Yuko;Yamamoto, Hideki;Shibata, Junji
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
    • /
    • 2001.10a
    • /
    • pp.616-620
    • /
    • 2001
  • The objectives of this study are to investigate the suitability of various coal fly ashes and incineration ashes for zeolite synthesis. Zeolite P and hydroxysodalite are produced from coal fly ash and paper sludge incineration ash. When soluble and acid-soluble materials in incineration fly ash are removed by the water washing or acid washing before hydrothermal synthesis, hydroxysodalite can be produced. The factors to make solid-liquid separation difficult are the calcium component and the unburned carbon in ash.

  • PDF

Zeolite-Mediated Cation Exchange Enhances the Stability of mRNA during Cell-Free Protein Synthesis

  • Kim, You-Eil;Kim, Dong-Myung;Choi, Cha-Yong
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
    • /
    • v.11 no.3
    • /
    • pp.258-261
    • /
    • 2006
  • The addition of zeolite particles enhances the stability of mRNA molecules in a cell-free protein synthesis system. When $20{\mu}g/{\mu}L$ of zeolite (Y5.4) is added to a reaction mixture of cell-free protein synthesis, a substantial increase in protein synthesis is observed. The stabilizing effect of zeolite is most dearly observed in an in vitro translation reaction directed by purified mRNA, as opposed to a coupled transcription and translation reaction. Upon the addition of zeolite in the in vitro translation reaction, the life span of the mRNA molecules is substantially extended, leading to an 80% increase in protein synthesis. The effect of zeolite upon the mRNA stability appears be strongly related to the cation exchange (potassium to sodium) reaction. Our results demonstrate the possibility of modifying this biological process using heterogeneous, non-biological substances in a cell-free protein synthesis system.

Efficient Synthesis of Bibenzyl Derivatives Bearing Pyranyl Moieties: First Total Synthesis of Bauhinol D

  • Park, Byung-Ho;Lee, Yong-Rok;Kim, Sung-Hong
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.566-570
    • /
    • 2011
  • An efficient and general synthesis of bibenzyl derivatives bearing pyranyl rings was achieved by ethylenediamine diacetate-catalyzed reactions of 3,5-dihydroxybibenzyl with ${\alpha},{\beta}$-unsaturated aldehydes in moderate yields. These reactions provided naturally occurring compounds 1 and 2 in single step reaction. As an application of this methodology, biologically interesting natural bauhinol D (8) was synthesized by a convergent sequence from readily available benzaldehyde and benzyl phosphonate.

First Total Synthesis of Prorepensin with a Bis-Geranylated Chalcone

  • Jung, Eun-Mi;Lee, Yong-Rok
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.30 no.11
    • /
    • pp.2563-2566
    • /
    • 2009
  • The first total synthesis of naturally occurring prorepensin with a bis-geranylated chalcone has been achieved by a convergent sequence. The key strategy involved in the synthesis of prorepensin was chalcone formation by aldol condensation of the corresponding geranylated acetophenone with geranylated benzaldehyde.

Synthesis of SiC by Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis Chemical Furnace (SHS화학로에 의한 SiC의 합성)

  • Kim, Do-Kyung;Park, Sung;Cho, Kurn;Lee, Hyung-Bock
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
    • /
    • v.31 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1283-1292
    • /
    • 1994
  • Ultra-fine $\beta$-SiC powders were fabricated by self-propagating high temperature synthesis process (SHS) using chemical furnace. The dependences of the C powders with different surface areas, the molar ratios of C/Si, the weight ratios of chemical fuel content, and pellet diameter-size on synthesis were investigated. Compositional and structural characterization of these powders was carried out by scanning electron micrograph and X-ray diffraction. The $\beta$-SiC powders which had C/Si mole ratio=1.05, 3 times chemical fuel contents, and pellet diameter=20 mm were optimum for synthesis efficiency. By optimizing process-variables, it is possible to fabricate $\beta$-SiC powders which have little secondary phases ($\alpha$-SiC).

  • PDF

Synthesis and Characterization of Alkyl Methacrylate-based Microgels by Experimental Design Method

  • Lee, Young-Keun;Jin, Fan-Long;Park, Soo-Jin
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.28 no.9
    • /
    • pp.1493-1498
    • /
    • 2007
  • In this work, alkyl methacrylate-based microgels were synthesized by an experimental design method, and their sebum absorption characteristics were investigated. The results of fractional factorial experimentation indicated that the cross-linking agent content, solvent content, and stirring speed were the main parameters in the synthesis of the microgels. The suitable synthesis conditions were determined by the response surface design method. Through a study of the monomer and solvent effects, it was confirmed that the microgel shows the highest sebum absorption ratio when t-butyl methacrylate is used as a monomer or when acetone is used as a solvent. The optimal microgel synthesis conditions for cosmetic application were determined, and the resulting microgel had a mean particle size of 4.7 μm and a sebum absorption ratio of 435%.