• 한국의류학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1985

This research is designed to systemize the protection theory as well as to supplement the missing theory by organizing various studies on the protective functions of celothes by domestic and foreign scholers of clothing. Human environments is classified two standpoints : (1) Physical environments, and (2) man built psychological environments including socio-physical environments, socio-biological environments, behavioral environments, socio-psychological environments and institution environments. Clothes acting as a physical protection might be of (1) extreme air temperature: Parka; (2) high relative humidity: raincoat; (3) air movement: windbreaker; (4) radiation: space suit; (5) atmospheric pressure: deep sea diver suit; (6) mechanical agent: bullet proof vest; (7) physical agent: (8) chemical agent: (9) biological agent: surgeon's gown, cap, and mask. Also dresses act to support the body comfort, health and the well-being; corset for bad back patient, wrist band for people with weak wrist, bottom half of pressure suit for people with low blood pressure. Clothes acting as a psychological protection might be of (1) influence of magic and of spirits: (2) moral danger; (3) the general unfriendliness of the world as a whole; a reassurance against the lack of love. Clothes should provide the maximum of satisfaction in accordance with the full recognition of reality. The reality should aim at the formulation of general laws concerning the most pleasing forms, colors, and styles to suit. The complex physiological anatomical and psychological aspects of individual personalities.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2018

본 논문은 소방용 화학보호복 착용 현장대원의 일상 훈련용 프로토콜 설계 및 활동성 분석에 관한 연구이다. 화학사고 및 화학테러 현장에 최초 투입되는 소방대원들의 대처능력 향상 및 안전성 확보를 위해 총 10단계의 일상 훈련용 프로토콜을 설계하였다. 설계된 프로토콜은 크게 소방용 화학보호복 일상 적응을 위한 광범위 활동 프로토콜(1, 2, 6, 7, 9단계)과 손을 활용한 정밀작업 프로토콜(3, 4, 5단계) 그리고 강한 신체적 부담을 요구하는 프로토콜(8, 10단계)로 구성하였다. 프로토콜에 따른 활동성 측정결과 소방용 화학보호복 착용 시가 미착용 시보다 평균최대심박수는 1단계 20.32%, 2단계 18.69%, 3단계 25.23%, 4단계 34.77%, 5단계 27.44%, 6단계 30.24%, 7단계 25.33%, 8단계 22.25%, 9단계 22.80%, 10단계 20.85% 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 평균최대호흡수는 1단계 및 2단계를 제외하고 3단계 1.92%, 4단계 4.11%, 5단계 1.24%, 6단계 3.95%, 7단계 0.93%, 8단계 10.23%, 9단계 3.36%, 10단계 15.10% 증가되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2020

Recently, it was reported that chitosan or APTMS(3-aminopropyltrimethoxysila ne) treatment to cotton using the simple pad-dry-cure method has potential to prepare textile materials for military chemical warfare protective clothing. However, it is not confirmed which method is more efficient. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively compare detoxification properties of chitosan treated cotton fabric with those of APTMS treated cotton fabric. Detoxification properties were evaluated using the well-known organic phosphorous nerve agent stimulant, diisopropylfluorophosphate(DF P). With the same amount of chitosan and APTMS on the surface of the cotton fabrics, APTMS treated cotton fabric exhibited 10% higher detoxification properties than chitosan treated cotton fabric based on the rate of DFP hydrolysis and half-live of DFP calculated from the DFP decontamination ratios of the treated cotton fabrics through time. Therefore, APTMS treatment can be more efficient method to prepare the textile materials for military protective clothing than chitosan treatment.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2020

This study aims to pursue the multi-functional textile finishing method to detoxify chemical warfare agent by simply treating the well-known antimicrobial agent, chitosan, to cotton fabric. For this purpose, DFP(diisopropylfluorophosphate) was sele cted as a chemical warfare agent simulant and cotton fabric was treated with 0.5, 1.0, and 2wt% chitosan solution in 1wt% acetic acid. DFP decontamination properties of the chitosan treated cotton fabrics were evaluated and compared with the untreated cotton fabric. The chitosan treated cotton fabrics showed better DFP decontamination than the untreated cotton. Decontamination properties of the chitosan treated cotton fabrics improved with the increased chitosan solution used. Especially, the cotton fabrics treated with 2wt% chitosan solution showed 5 times more DFP decontamina tion than the untreated cotton fabrics. This suggested that the chitosan treated fabric has potential to be used as a material for protective clothing with chemical warfare agent detoxifying and antimicrobial properties.

• 대한화상학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2019

Dichloromethane is widely used as a solvent in paint removers. Unlike inhalation injury, contact injury caused by dichloromethane is not well known. Two patients who had undergone skin grafting to treat chemical burn of the hand caused by dichloromethane exposure were evaluated, and a literature review was done. Two healthy men aged 37 and 40 years visited our hospital with chief complaints of pain on the hands due to dichloromethane exposure. The patients had not worn protective clothing. Multiple bullae were initially noted. On the next day, fluctuation in bullae and purulent discharge were observed, and central eschar change was noted. On the 18th day after the burn, escharectomy and full-thickness skin graft were performed. Therefore, workers who use dichloromethane should wear protective clothing at workplaces. If exposed to the chemical, the worker should be instructed to do a quick wash and visit the hospital.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1997

우리나라는 60대 이후 급속한 경제성장으로 산업구조가 고도화, 다양화되어 각종 설비 및 곳아 물량이 증가되었고 유해물질의 사용증가 등으로 인하여 재해발생의 요인도 증가되어 91년도 까지 257만명의 근로자가 산업현장에서 재해를 당하였으며, 최근에는 직업병을 포함한 산업재해 문제가 심각한 사회문제로 제기되고 있다. 현재 우리나라의 경우 산업안전보건법, 가스안전 관련법, 공장입지법 등으로 안전대책에 대해서 시행을 하고 있지만 화학공장에서 발생하는 예기치 않은 사고로 주변사회에 미치는 피해를 방지하거나 피해의 범위를 축소하기 위한 제도적인 장치가 아직 미흡한 실정이고 안전관련법들도 최소한의 필요한 조치사항만을 규정하고 있을 뿐, 공학적인 접근에 의한 구체적인 적용방법이 마련되어 있지 못한 실정이다. 따라서 섬유공장이 내재하고 있는 독극물에 의한 잠재적 위험성을 정량화하여 안전대책의 강구를 위한 방호복에 관한 연구가 매우 시급하다고 생각된다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.398-408
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• 2023

본 연구는 지카바이러스, 메르스, coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) 등의 감염병 방역 및 의료현장에서 사용할 수 있는 의료용 공기정화호흡기(powered air purifying respirators, PAPR)의 항균성 보호복의 후드와 필터를 개발하였다. PAPR은 전동팬 본체 및 필터, 배터리팩, 후드로 구성되며 보호복의 후드 소재는 뛰어난 흡습성, 풍압, 외부충격을 견딜 수 있는 폴리프로필렌 슐폰레이스(spunlace) 부직포 직물(SFS)을 사용하였다. 사용자의 감염위험을 낮추기 위해 후드의 외피에는 피톤치드계 물질을 사용하여 99.9%의 안티-박테리얼(antibacterial) 효과를 얻었으며 내피에는 친수가공을 하여 흡수성을 25% 향상시켰다. 의료용 보호복 후드에 필요한 인공혈액 침투저항성, 건조미생물 침투저항성, 습식세균 침투저항성, 그리고 박테리오파아지 침투저항성을 평가한 결과 2~6 단계의 합격평가를 받았다. 한편, 항균 처리된 슐폰레이스(spunlace filter, SF) 헤파 필터(high efficiency particulate air, HEPA)의 성능을 평가한 결과 우수한 항균성, 분진제거율, 차압 효과를 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2009

Due to dermal exposure to hazardous chemicals causing potential adverse health symptoms through skin absorption, dermal monitoring has had an important role in assessing such exposure. This paper overviews comparatively a number of studies of dermal monitoring with different methodologies such as surface monitoring, skin wiping, skin washing, adhesive methods and tape stripping, fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy, skin patches, pads and clothing, video exposure monitoring and dermal exposure assessment toolkits and models. However, there is a lack of information on the relationship between exposure levels and adverse health symptoms. Therefore, more specific strategies for dermal exposure monitoring should be developed and standardized with further development of biological and ocular monitoring.

• 공업화학
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.596-602
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• 2023

크롬 기반 금속유기골격체(MIL-101(Cr))를 제조하고 이들을 활용한 유사화학작용제 diisopropyl methyl phosphonate(DIMP) 흡착 실험을 통해 방독면 정화통이나 보호의 충진물질로서 활용 가능성을 평가하였다. MIL-101(Cr)은 조절인자로 아세트산(MIL-101(Cr)-A)과 수산화나트륨(MIL-101(Cr)-N)을 활용하여 각각 제작하였는데, 아세트산을 조절인자로 사용하였을 때 보다 넓은 비표면적과 높은 DIMP 흡착량을 보였다. MIL-101(Cr)-A는 상대습도 90% 환경에서 10일 동안 노출 시 흡착제 무게 대비 약 160%의 수분을 흡수하여 활성탄 등 다른 흡착제와 비교할 때 흡수율이 높았다. MIL-101(Cr)-A를 상대습도 90% 환경에서 일정기간 노출한 시료에 대한 DIMP 흡착량 실험 결과 24시간 이후에는 노출되지 않았을 때 흡착량의 약 40% 수준으로 감소하였으나, 이 흡착량은 상용 방독면 정화통 충진 활성탄과 비교하였을 때 여전히 높은 흡착량으로 추후 방독면 정화통이나 보호의 충진물질로서 활용가능성이 높은 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.430-437
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• 2016

Objectives: The new Chemical Control Act from the Korean Ministry of Environment (2014-259) simply states only in basic phrases that every worker handling the listed chemicals should wear personal protective equipment (PPE) and does not consider the different hazard characteristics of particular chemicals or work types. The purpose of this study was to produce an exposure risk matrix and assign PPE to the categories of this matrix, which would be useful for revising the act to suggest PPE to suit work types or situations. Methods: An exposure risk matrix was made using hazard ranks of chemicals and workplace exposure risks in the previous study. For the 20 categories of exposure risk matrix PPE, levels A, B, C, D as classified by OSHA/EPA were assigned. After 69 hazardous chemicals were divided into 11 groups according to their physiochemical characteristics, respirators, chemical protective clothing (CPC), gloves and footwear were suggested on the basis of the assigned PPE levels. Results: PPE table sheets for the 11 groups were made on the basis of work types or situations. Full facepiece or half-mask for level C was recommended in accordance with the exposure risk matrix. Level A was, in particular, recommended for loading or unloading work. Level A PPE should be worn in an emergency involving hydrogen fluoride because of the number of recent related accidents in Korea. Conclusion: PPE assignment according to the exposure risk matrix made by chemical hazards and work type or situation was suggested for the first time. Each type of PPE was recommended for the grouped chemicals. The research will be usefully used for the revision of the Chemical Control Act in Korea.