• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.278-285
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• 2011

Computational modelling and simulation for the charge-discharge characteristics of Lithium-ion batteries have been carried out. The battery system consists of a simplified 2-dimensional single cell for the modelling, in which the thermal modelling on the charge-discharge characteristics was conducted in the temperature range from 288 K through 318 K by using FEMLAB as an engineering PDE solver. While material parameters adopted in the present modelling were dependent on the system temperature, their thermal modelling were applied on the simulations of the charge-discharge period and the rate of transferring charges systematically. The resulting simulation shows that the cycle of the charge-discharge shorten itself by reducing the system temperature, regardless of the charge-discharge rates. In addition, the mass-transport phenomena of Lithium ion have been discussed in connection with the charge-discharge characteristics in the battery.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.7
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• pp.833-839
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• 2018

This paper presents an analysis and the methodology of optimal operation strategy of the ESS(Energy Storage System) for reduce electricity charges. Electricity charges consist of a basic charge based on the contract capacity and energy charge according to the power usage. In order to use electrical energy at minimal charge, these two factors are required to be reduced at the same time. QP(Quadratic Programming) is appropriate for minimization of the basic charge and LP(Linear Programmin) is adequate to minimize the energy charge. However, the integer variable have to be introduced for modelling of different charge and discharge efficiency of ESS PCS(Power Conversion System), where MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming) can be used. In this case, the extent to which the peak load savings is accomplished should be assumed before the energy charge is minimized. So, to minimize the electricity charge exactly, optimization is sequentially performed in this paper, so-called the Two Stage Hybird optimization, where the extent to which the peak load savings is firstly accomplished through optimization of basic charge and then the optimization of energy charge is performed with different charge and discharge efficiency of ESS PCS. Finally, the proposed method is analyzed quantitatively with other optimization methods.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.114-121
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• 2016

This study investigates a CFD modeling of the charge-discharge behavior due to heat generation during charge-discharge cycles of a Li-ion secondary battery(LIB). Present LIB system adopted a current-density equation, heat and mass transfer governing equations upon the 1-dimensional system to the thickness direction for the rectangular pouch configuration. According to the 3-kinds of the charge-discharge current densities of 1C($17.5A/m^2$), 3C($52.5A/m^2$) and 5C($87.5A/m^2$) subject to a 3 V of cut-off voltage, a constant-temperature system at 298 K and three different heat generating systems were analyzed with comparison. Battery capacity decreases with increment of charge-discharge densities not only at the constant-temperature system but also at the heat-generating system. The time for charge-discharge cycles increases at the heat-generating system compare to the constant-temperature system. These trends are considered that the increase of temperature due to heat generation causes the decrement of equilibrium potential of electrodes and the increment of diffusivity of Li ions. Furthermore, cooling effects were discussed in order to control the influence of heat generation due to charge-discharge behavior of a Li-ion secondary battery.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2010

In this work, we propose a single electron memory 'SEM' design which consist of two key blocs: A memory bloc, with a voltage source $V_{Mem}$, a pure capacitor connected to a tunnel junction through a metallic memory node coupled to the second bloc which is a Single Electron Transistor "SET" through a coupling capacitance. The "SET" detects the potential variation of the memory node by the injection of electrons one by one in which the drainsource current is presented during the memory charge and discharge phases. We verify the design of the SET/SEM cell by the SIMON tool. Finally, we have developed a MAPLE code to predict the retention time and nonvolatility of various SEM structures with a wide operating temperature range.