• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.210-227
• /
• 2006

Many historians presume that several kings included the crown prince were killed by poison in the Jo-Soon dynasty. Above all, there is every possibility of killing the crown prince So-Hyoon(昭顯) by poison. The crown prince So-Hyeon was detained for 8 years in Sim-Yang(瀋陽). He died suddenly in two month from coming home. According to an authentic record, official death causes were malaria. But there is little possibility that a young crown prince die of malaria at the age of 34. His dead body shows change of skin color and bleeding from the ear, eye, mouth, and nose. This is the sufficient evidence that he was killed by poison. King In-Jo have a doubt that he was ousted from his post by crown prince So-Hyeon in conspiracy with cheong imperial court. Especially, after the crown prince So-Hyeon's death, owing to cold attitude that king In-Jo shows and a tragic affair that occurred to the crown prince's family, king In-Jo is under suspicion as the mastermind of the murder. Another poisoners are Jo-So Yong(趙昭容) and Lee-Hyeong Ik(李聲益). Jo-So Yong, a royal harem, intrigue against the couple of crown prince So-Hyoon. Lee-Hyeong Ik that win king In-Jo's favor take charge of the medical treatment. We supposed that toxic substance is arsenic poison.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.58 no.5
• /
• pp.1004-1009
• /
• 2009

Recently, mass spectrometers are widely used for in-situ chemical analysis. It has rapid response and high sensitivity. In this paper, we present the fabrication and test of a cold cathode emitter for micro mass spectrometer using CNTs(Carbon nano tubes). The CNTs have good mechanical, electrical and chemical characteristics. So they have a long life time and strong robustness. The micro mass spectrometer is composed of the glass substrate and the silicon substrate. The glass substrate is constructed by electrodes for TOF(Time-of-flight) which analyze an ion with mass to charge ratio as ion separator. The silicon substrate is highly doped wafer which is patterned for gate electrode and then 100 11m dry etching to grow the CNTs as the electron emitter. The CNTs are grown by HFCVD(Hot filament chemical vapor deposition) with sputtering the catalyst. We successfully attained to grow the CNTs and to test the characteristics.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.161-167
• /
• 1998

It has been investigated the effects of alloying elements and binders on the corrosion behavior of metal hydride electrodes for anode of Ni/MH secondary battery. The $AB_5$-type alloys, $(LM)Ni_{4.49}Co_{0.1}Mn_{0.205}Al_{0.205}$ and $(LM)Ni_{3.6}Co_{0.7}Mn_{0.3}Al_{0.4}$, were used for the experiments. The electrodes were prepared by mixing and cold-pressing of alloy powders with Si sealent or PTFE powders, or cold-pressing the electroless copper coated alloy powders. The amount of copper coating was 20wt%. In order to examine corrosion behavior of the electrodes, the corrosion current and the current density, in 6M KOH aqueous solution after removal of oxygen in the solution, were measured by potentiodynamic and cyclic voltamo methods. The results showed that Co in the alloy increased corrosion resistance of the electrode whereas Ni decreased the stability of the electrode during the charge-discharge cycles. The electrode used Si sealant as a binder showed a lower corrosion current density than the electrode used PTFE and the electrode used Cu-coated alloy powders showed the best corrosion resistance.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.617-622
• /
• 1998

A cryotherapy system using cold air was developed. The developed system had superior low-temperature characteristics with various flow rates and nozzle sizes, and used R-404A, as a coolant, which has no destructive effects of Ozone layers. Flow rates and the treatment time can be easily altered during the operation. In addition, and alarm system was designed for the overload, overheat, and over-charge of the machine. For clinical applications, skin temperatures, intra-articular temperatures of the knee joint and intra-muscluar temperatures of the gluteal muscles were measured during and after the cryotherapy. After a 5-minute therapy, skin and intra-articular temperatures decreased by $23.3{\pm}4.7 and 4.1 {\pm}1.0^{circ}C$, respectively. A 5-minute cryotherapy was good enough to maintain low intra-articular temperatures for 2-3 hours. Resting intra-muscular temperatures in 2, 4, and 6cm deep in the gluteal muscle were $36.5{\pm}1.2, 36.9{\pm}0.2, 37.1{\pm}0.2^{circ}C$, respectively (p<0.05). Lowest temperatures in 2, 4, and 6cm depth were $35.1{\pm}0.7, 36.2{\pm}0.4, 36.9{\pm}0.3^{circ}C$, respectively (p<0.05). Temperatures after a 2-hour cold air application on the skin and in the muscle in dept도 of 2, 4, and 6cm were $32.2{\pm}1.1, 36.2{\pm}0.5, 36.6{\pm}0.3, 36.9{\pm}0.3^{circ}C$respectively (p<0.05). Temperatures on the skin and in the muscle significantly decreased after 2 hours, compared with before cold air application (p<0.05). The intra-muscular temperature was changed more slowly than the skin temperature, and the deeper the muscle, the lesser temperature changes. The effect of a 5-minute cold air application lasts up to 2 hours, and it seems that the rebound-rise of the temperature dut to the reactive vasodilatation does not occur in the gluteal muscle.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.117.1-117.1
• /
• 2012

Energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) are emitted by charge exchange collisions between energetic ions and cold neutral atoms. ENAs can be used as an alternative measure of the energetic ions in the source region because they maintain the energy and pitch angle of the source energetic ions. In the present study we present simulation results of the ENA emissions during a magnetic storm to be measured by the STEIN instrument onboard the CINEMA/TRIO satellites. The CINEMA/TRIO mission consists of three identical cubesats with low-altitude orbits. The STEIN instrument onboard each cubesat can measure ENAs with energies from ~4 keV to ~20 keV as well as suprathermal electrons and ions. The measurement of ENA emissions from ring current by STEIN is simulated using the models for energetic ring current ions and geocoronal neutral atoms. Especially we will discuss about the energy spectrum of the ENAs and the effect of transient variations of the ring current.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2013

To conserve wood resources for papermaking, chemical compositions of the hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) bast fiber cultivated in Korea such as holocellulose, ${\alpha}$-cellulose, lignin, alcohol-benzene extractives, hot and cold water extractives, and ash contents were investigated to manufacture the specialty packaging paper effectively. Significantly very low klason lignin content of 3.3% was accomplished by removing of the outer shell of bark. Laboratory soda pulping method which is very useful for the nonwood fiber was adapted, and it was found that there was no significant difference in both kappa number and H-factor between 25% and 30% NaOH charge. Hemp pulp cooked with the laboratory digester in 25% NaOH at $170^{\circ}C$ were mixed together with the wood pulp(NBKP:LBKP=1:1) in order to find the optimum mixture ratio which exhibited acceptable paper strength properties such as tensile index, burst index, and tear strength. When 10% of hemp soda pulps was mixed with 90% of wood pulps comprised of SwBKP and HwBKP (1:1), all physical strength increased significantly. The physical strength decreased as the amount of hemp pulp increased because the cell wall of bast fiber is very thick which causes low conformability and low fiber-fiber bonding. These results showed that paper made of hemp-wood pulp can be used for the specialty packaging paper which requires both the characteristic surface properties and the high physical strength of hemp fiber.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.11
• /
• pp.610-615
• /
• 2016

Diverse accessories are used in automobiles, such as navigation systems, front and rear cameras, spoilers, and sun visors. Sun visors block sunlight so that drivers can drive safely with a better view, and they are used in many automobile designs. However, when large plastic products are manufactured using injection molding, there are many difficulties that develop, like weld lines, short shots, flow marks, imperfections, and distortion. In this study, a CAE simulation was conducted based on previous results to predict potential problems in the injection molding of large products. The flow characteristics up to complete charge for the melting resins were captured using a computer-aided engineering simulation. The temperature departure on the front part of a flow was about $10^{\circ}C$ and very stable. The practical ejecting time of the cold runner was about 70 seconds in the simulation. Finally, the capability of a suitable injection machine was calculated and recommended by prediction of the injection pressure and the die clamping force.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.92-108
• /
• 2015

This study aimed at developing a down jacket prototype that utilized sunlight as an alternative energy source with no air pollution. The jacket is filled with flexible solar panels and has a heat-generating function and LED function. In this study, three smart down jacket prototypes were developed, and the jacket's capabilities were demonstrated through the thermal effect on the performance test. The typical output voltage of the flexible solar panels was 6.4V. By connecting the 2 solar cell modules in series, the final output voltage was 12.8V. A battery charge regulator module was used the KA 7809 (TO-220) of 9V. Three heating pads were to be inserted into the belly of the jacket as direct thermal heating elements, and the LED module was configured, separated by a flash and an indicator. The smart down jacket was designed to prevent damage to the down pack without the individual devices' interfering with the human body's motion. Because this study provides insulation from extreme cold with a purpose, the jacket was tested for heat insulation properties of non-heating, heating on the back, heating on the abdomen, and heating on both the back and abdomen in a sitting posture in a static state. Thermal property analysis results from examining the average skin temperature, core temperature, and the temperature and humidity within clothing showed, that placing a heating element in one place was more effective than distributing the heating elements in different locations. Heating on the back was the most effective for maintaining optimal skin temperature, core temperature, and humidity, whereas heating on the abdomen was not effective for maintaining optimal skin temperature, core temperature, or humidity within clothing because of the gap between the jacket and the body.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.137-146
• /
• 2004

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy(LIBS) system is being developed as an in-situ analysis system for the radioactive waste glass in the cold crucible melter. In order to complete the LIBS system, a spectrometer, a detector, and a laser were structured. An ESA 3000 (LLA Instruments GmbH, Germany) including a calibrated Kodak KAF-1001 CCD detector was selected as the spectrometer. A Q-switched Nd-YAG Brilliant(Quantel, France) laser was selected as an energy source. As the first research stage, the excitation temperatures of Fe(I) as a function of the detector's delay intervals(500, 1000, 1500, 2000ns) were evaluated using the Einstein-Boltzmann equation. The optimized excitation temperature of Fe (I) was 7820k at the delay time of 1500㎱ using the 532nm Nd-YAG laser pulse. This LIBS system will be optimized under the real environment vitrification facility in the near future and then used to be in-situ analyzed the glass compositions in the melter qualitatively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.10 no.2 s.21
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2004

The development motive and maintenance of navigation system were military strategy purpose since middle of 20th century. During cold war period between the United States and the Soviet since the Second World War, advanced navigation system that two countries are responded individually have done development competitively. These systems are exhibited on general except military purpose gradually and are taking charge of point role in economy transport activity such as transportation of logistics between the country. Navigation system can divide into ground system and satellite system. Representative system of ground system is Loran-C(Long Range Navigation), and representative system of satellite system is GPS(Global Position System). Loran-C system is a system that use much in all the world country sea and ground, but GPS and DGPS that present is a satellite navigation system are used much. According to development of satellite system, examine about actual conditions of Loran-C navigation system and practical use plan in this paper because there is controversy about role of Loran-C navigation device along with Loran-C's operation and user decrease, and discusses for Loran-C's development direction.